Yıl 2020,
, 57 - 68, 08.05.2020
Çağlar Çolak
Semra Hasançebi
Yalçın Kaya
Öz
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), is oil crop plant belonging to Compositae (Asteraceae) family and is the fourth in the world in terms of the largest consuming edible oil and approximately 60% of the sunflower cultivation areas in the world are in the Black Sea Region countries. Sunflower is growing almost all parts of Turkey due to higher adaptation capability. The amount of vegetable oil produced in Turkey is not enough for our domestic consumption and this existing deficit is increasing due to increasing population year by year. This deficit could be reduced by improving of oil quality and the use of higher oleic acid could decrease the consumption of frying oil. The selection utilizing with classical breeding methods to develop varieties containing high oleic acid is both hard and less precision because it is affected more by biotic and abiotic stress conditions. However, it is possible to obtain faster and more consistent results in plant breeding containing high oleic acid by using biotechnological methods and selections supported by molecular marker selection (MAS). In this study, the screening of 40 F3 individuals and also 55 higher, mid and linoleic acid content type cultivars have been screened by molecular markers and analyzed for fatty aside contents. Six INDEL markers based on the variations of FAD2 gene region that is related to high oleic acid trait and 3 SSR markers that were reported as high oleic linked markers in the literatures were used in this study. All of the samples were analyzed by gas chromatography for detection of their fatty acid contents and compared to molecular marker results. As a result of this study, 3 markers which can be used for selection of the high oleic trait were detected.
Kaynakça
- Alberio, C., N. G. Izquierdo, T. Galella, S. Zuil, R. Reid, A. Zambelli, and L. A. Aguirrezábal. 2016. A new sunflower high oleic mutation confers stable oil grain fatty acid composition across environments. European Journal of Agronomy 73: 25-33.
- Andrich, G., S. Balzini, A. Zinnai, R. Fiorentini, S. Baroncelli, and C. Pugliesi. 1992. The oleic/linoleic ratio in achenes coming from sunflower lines treated with hard X-rays. pp. 1544-1549. In: Proceedings of the 13th International Sunflower Conference. Pisa, Italy.
- Anonim. 2014. Gümrük ve Ticaret Bakanlığı. Ayçiçeği Raporu 2014. Kooperatifçilik Genel Müdürlüğü.
- Anonymous. 2019a. Sunflower oil fatty acid profiles. National Sunflower Association. https://www. sunflowernsa.com/ health/sunflower-oil-fatty-acid-profiles/.
- Anonymous. 2019b. NuSun. National Sunflower Association. https://www.sunflowernsa.com/oil/nusun/.
- Anonymous. 2019c. High-oleic sunflower shows a rising trend. http://ucab.ua/en/pres_sluzhba/novosti/visokooleinovi_ sonyashnik_na_viskhidnomu_trendi.
- Barkley, N. A., M. L. Wang, and R. N. Pittman. 2011. A real-time PCR genotyping assay to detect FAD2A SNPs in peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.). Electronic Journal of Biotechnology 14 (1): 9-10.
- Baydar, H. 2000. Bitkilerde yağ sentezi, kalitesi ve kaliteyi artırmada ıslahın önemi. Ekin Dergisi 11: 50-57.
- Baydar, H. ve İ. Turgut. 1999. Yağlı tohumlu bitkilerde yağ asitleri kompozisyonunun bazı morfolojik ve fizyolojik özelliklere ve ekolojik bölgelere göre değişimi. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 23 (1): 81-86.
- Baydar, H., and S. Erbaş. 2005. Influence of seed development and seed position on oil, fatty acids and total tocopherol contents in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Turkish journal of Agriculture and Forestry 29 (3): 179-186.
- Berville, A., S. Lacombe, S. Veillet, C. Granier, S. Leger, and P. Jouve. 2009. Method of selecting sunflower genotypes with high oleic acid content in seed oil. The Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT), WO 2005/106022 A2.
- Bilgen, B. B. 2016. Characterization of sunflower inbred lines with high oleic acid content by DNA markers. pp. 662-668. In: Proceedings of the 19th International Sunflower Conference. ISA, 29 May - 3June, Edirne, Turkey.
- Bilgen, B. B., S Daneshvar, G. Evci, V. Pekcan, M. I. Yılmaz, and Y. Kaya. 2018. Determination of high oleic type and broomrape resistant sunflower hybrids by DNA markers. Ekin Journal of Crop Breeding and Genetics 4 (1): 22-30.
- Carvalho, C. G. P., L. F. Mazzola, J. M. G. Mandarino, F. C. Dalchiavon, J. L. Ribeiro, A. B. B. Filho, and A. D. Alves. 2019. Fatty acid profiles of oil obtained from midoleic sunflowers grown in Tropical Region. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society 96 (9): 1019-1025.
- Cuesta, C., A. Romero, and F. Sánchez-Muniz. 2001. Fatty acid changes in high oleic acid sunflower oil during successive deep-fat fryings of frozen foods. Revista de Agaroquimica y Tecnologia de Alimentos 7 (4): 317-328.
- Cvejić, S., S. Jocić, A. Dimitrijević, I. Imerovski, D. Miladinović, M. Jocković, and V. Miklič, 2016. An EMS mutation altering oil quality in sunflower inbred line. pp. 414-421. In: Proceedings of the 19th International Sunflower Conference. ISA, Edirne.
- DaMatta, F. M., A. Grandis, B. C. Arenque, and M. S. Buckeridge. 2010. Impacts of climate changes on crop physiology and food quality. Food Research International 43 (7): 1814-1823.
Demurin, Y., D. Skorić, I. Verešbaranji, and S. Jocić. 2000. Inheritance of increased oleic acid content in sunflower seed oil. Helia 23 (32): 87-92.
- Dimitrijević, A., I. Imerovski, D. Miladinović, S. Cvejić, S. Jocić, T. Zeremski, and Z. Sakac. 2017. Oleic acid variation and marker-assisted detection of Pervenets mutation in high-and low-oleic sunflower cross. Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology 17 (3): 235-241.
- Dobarganes, M. C., G. Marquez-Ruiz, and M. C. Perez-Camino. 1993. Thermal stability and frying performance of genetically modified sunflower seed (Helianthus annuus L.) oils. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 41 (4): 678-681.
- Doyle, J. J., and J. L. Doyle. 1990. Isolation of plant DNA from fresh tissue. Focus 12 (1): 13-15.
- Ebrahimi, A., P. Maury, M. Berger, S. P. Kiani, A. Nabipour, F. Shariati, and A. Sarrafi. 2008. QTL mapping of seed-quality traits in sunflower recombinant inbred lines under different water regimes. Genome 51 (8): 599-615. http://doi.org/10.1139/G08-038.
- Ferfuia, C., M. Turi, G. P. Vannozzi. 2015. Variability of seed fatty acid composition to growing degree-days in high oleic acid sunflower genotypes. Helia 38 (62): 61-78.
- Fernandez-Martinez, J., A. Jimenez, J. Dominguez, J. Garcia, R. Garces, and M. Mancha. 1989. Genetic analysis of the high oleic acid content in cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Euphytica 41 (1): 39-51.
- Fick, G. N., and J. F. Miller. 1997. Sunflower Breeding. pp. 395-439. In: A.A. Schneiter (Ed.) Sunflower Technology and Production. ASA. SCSA. and SSSA Monograph. No: 35. Madison, WI, USA.
- Güzel, M. ve Y. Kaya. 2015. Yağ bitkilerinde oleik asit: önemi ve oluşumunu belirleyen etmenler. 2. Ulusal Tarım Kongresi. 29-31 Ekim, Afyon. s.199.
- Karaca, E. ve S. Aytaç. 2007. Yağ bitkilerinde yağ asitleri kompozisyonu üzerine etki eden faktörler. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 22 (1): 123-131.
- Kaya, Y. 2016. Sunflower. Surinder Gupta (Ed.). Breeding Oilseed Crops for Sustainable Production, 1st Edition. 570 pages. Elseiver Press. pp.55-88.
- Kaya, Y. 2017. Türkiye’de ayçiçeği tarımı ve ekonomiye katkısı. Agrotime Uluslar arası Bitkisel Üretim ve Hayvancılık Dergisi 28: 16-20.
- Kaya, Y., I. Balalic, and V. Miklic. 2015. Eastern Europe Perspectives on Sunflower Production and Processing. pp. 575-638. In: N. Dunford, E. M. Force (ed.) Sunflower: Chemistry, Production, Processing, and Utilization. 710 pages. AOCS (American Oil Chemistry Society).
- Kaya, Y., S. Jocic, and D. Miladinovic. 2012. Sunflower. pp. 85-129. In: S. K. Gupta. (Ed.) Technological Innovations in Major World Oil Crops, Vol. 1. Springer Press.
- Kaya, Y., G. Evci, V. Kaya ve M. Kaya. 2007. Oleik Tip Ayçiçeği Tarımı ve Gelecekteki Yönü. 1. Ulusal Yağlı Tohumlu Bitkiler ve Biyodizel Sempozyumu, 28-31 Mayıs. Samsun. s.134-140.
- Kaya, Y., G. Evci, V. Pekcan ve T. Gücer. 2003. Ayçiçeğinde tane ve yağ veriminin oluşumunda etkili verim öğelerinin katkı oranlarının belirlenmesi. Türkiye 5. Tarla Bitkileri Kongresi. 13-17 Ekim, Diyarbakır. s.120-125.
- Kaya, Y., C. Colak, V. Pekcan, M. I. Yilmaz, and G. Evci. 2017. The determination of oleic acid contents in sunflower hybrids. pp. 23-24. In: Proc. 8th International Scientific Conference: Rural Development. Bioeconomy Challenges. November, 2017, Kaunas, Lithuania.
- Kaya, Y., G. Evci, V. Pekcan, T. Gücer, I. M. Yılmaz, I. Şahin, S. Gencer ve N. Çıtak. 2009. Farklı çevrelerde ayçiçeğinde oleik asit oranlarının belirlenmesi. Türkiye 8. Tarla Bitkileri Kongresi, Hatay 19-22 Ekim. 1: 159-163.
- Martínez-Rivas, J. M., P. Sperling, W. Lühs, and E. Heinz. 2001. Spatial and temporal regulation of three different microsomal oleate desaturase genes (FAD2) from normal-type and high-oleic varieties of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Molecular Breeding 8 (2): 159-168.
- Mohsennia, O., and J. Jalilian. 2012. Response of safflower seed quality characteristics to different soil fertility systems and irrigation disruption. International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences 3 (5): 968-976.
- Nagarathna, T., Y. Shadakshari, and T. Ramanappa. 2011. Molecular analysis of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) genotypes for high oleic acid using microsatellite markers. Helia 34 (55): 63-68.
- Nicolosi, R. J., B. Woolfrey, T. A. Wilson, P. Scollin, G. Handelman, and R. Fisher. 2004. Decreased aortic early atherosclerosis and associated risk factors in hypercholesterolemic hamsters fed a high-or mid-oleic acid oil compared to a high-linoleic acid oil. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 15 (9): 540-547.
- Ortiz, L. T., C. Alzueta, A. Rebole, M. L. Rodriguez, I. Arija, and A. Brenes. 2006. Effect of dietary high-oleic acid and conventional sunflower seeds and their refined oils on fatty acid composition of adipose tissue and meat in broiler chickens. Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences 15 (1): 83-95.
- Osorio, J., J. Fernández-Martínez, M. Mancha, and R. Garcés. 1995. Mutant sunflowers with high concentration of saturated fatty acids in the oil. Crop Science 35 (3): 739-742.
- Pacureanu-Joita, M., D. Stanciu, E. Petcu, S. Raranciuc, and I. Sorega. 2005. Sunflower genotypes with high oleic acid content. Romanian Agricultural Research 22: 23-26.
- Petros, Y., A. Carlsson, S. Stymne, H. Zeleke, A. S. Fält, and A. Merker. 2009. Developing high oleic acid in Guizotia abyssinica (Lf) Cass. by plant breeding. Plant Breeding 128 (6): 691-695.
- Porebski, S., L. G. Bailey, and B. R. Baum. 1997. Modification of a CTAB DNA extraction protocol for plants containing high polysaccharide and polyphenol components. Plant Mol Biol Rep. 15: 8-15.
- Rauf, S., N. Jamil, S. Ali Tariq, M. Khan, M. Kausar, and Y. Kaya. 2017. Progress in modification of sunflower oil to expand its industrial value. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 97 (7): 1997-2006.
- Roche, H. M. 2001. Invited Commentary-olive oil, high-oleic acid sunflower oil and CHD. British Journal of Nutrition 85 (1): 3-4.
Salem, E., N. Hamed, and O. Awlya. 2012. Implementation of the sunflower seeds in enhancing the nutritional values of cake. J Appl Sci Res. 8 (5): 2626-2631.
- Santalla, E., and R. Mascheroni. 2003. Note: Physical properties of high oleic sunflower seeds. Revista de Agaroquimica y Tecnologia de Alimentos 9 (6): 435-442.
- Schuppert, G. F., S. Tang, M. B. Slabaugh, and S. J. Knapp. 2006. The sunflower high-oleic mutant Ol carries variable tandem repeats of FAD2-1, a seed-specific oleoyl-phosphatidyl choline desaturase. Molecular Breeding 17 (3): 241-256.
- Singchai, A., N. Muangsan, and T. Machikowa. 2013. Evaluation of SSR markers associated with high oleic acid in sunflower. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Biological, Biomolecular, Agricultural, Food and Biotechnological Engineering 7 (10): 978-981.
- Škorić, D., S. Jocic, N. Lecic, and Z. Sakac. 2007. Development of sunflower hybrids with different oil quality. Helia 30 (47): 205-212.
- Soldatov, K. I. 1976. Chemical mutagenesis in sunflower breeding. pp. 352-357. In: Proc. 7th Int. Sunflower Conf., 27 June - 3 July, Krasnodar, Russia.
- Tilak, I., B. Kisan, and I. Shanker Goud. 2017. Evaluation of SSR and INDEL markers associated with high and low oleic acid content in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) genotypes. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 6 (5): 1560-1563.
- Vannozzi, G. P. 2006. The perspectives of use high oleic sunflower for oleochemistry and energy raws. Helia, 29 (44): 1-24.
- Warner, K. A. 2002. Optimizing the frying quality, flavor, and stability of sunflower oil. Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society 79 (2): 94-99.
- Zheljazkov, V. D., B. A. Vick, B. S. Baldwin, N. Buehring, C. Coker, T. Astatkie, and B. Johnson. 2011. Oil productivity and composition of sunflower as a function of hybrid and planting date. Industrial Crops and Products 33 (2): 537-543.
Ayçiçeğinde Yüksek Oleik Yağ Asidi Özelliğinin Moleküler Markörler Kullanılarak Belirlenmesi
Yıl 2020,
, 57 - 68, 08.05.2020
Çağlar Çolak
Semra Hasançebi
Yalçın Kaya
Öz
Ayçiçeği (Helianthus annuus L.), Compositae (Asteraceae), dünyada yenebilir bitkisel yağ bakımından 4. sırada yer almakta olup, dünyadaki ayçiçeği ekim alanlarının yaklaşık %60’ı Karadeniz Bölgesi ülkelerinde bulunmaktadır. Ayçiçeğinin ülkemizde önemli olmasının nedeni ülkemizin birçok bölgesinde yetiştirilebilir olmasıdır. Ülkemizde üretilen bitkisel yağ, artan nüfusa yetmemekte ve mevcut yağ açığımız yıldan yıla artmaktadır. Bu yağ açığı, verim artışına alternatif olarak yağ kalitesi iyileştirme çalışmalarıyla azaltılabilir. Oleik asit içerikli ayçiçeği yağı üreterek özellikle kızartma sanayinde yağ tüketimini azaltmak mümkündür. Yüksek oleik asit içeren çeşitler geliştirmek için kullanılan klasik ıslah yöntemleri hem zor hem de biyotik ve abiyotik stres koşullarından etkilendiği için doğruluk derecesi düşük olmaktadır. Ancak yüksek oleik asit içeriğine yönelik yapılacak bitki ıslahında, biyoteknolojik yöntemler ile moleküler markör destekli seleksiyon (MAS) kullanılarak daha hızlı ve daha tutarlı sonuçlar elde etmek mümkündür. Bu çalışmada; yüksek oleik karakterinin tespiti için F3 kademesindeki 40 bireyin ve 55 adet yüksek oleik, orta oleik ve linoleik tip çeşidin, yağ asidi analizleri ve moleküler markör analizleri yapılmıştır. Oleik asit ile bağlantılı olduğu saptanan FAD2 gen bölgesindeki varyasyona dayalı 6 INDEL markörü ile literatürde yüksek oleik karakteri ile bağlantılı olduğu belirtilen 3 SSR markörü kullanılmıştır. Tüm örneklerin gaz kromotografi (GC) cihazında yağ asitleri içerik analizi yapılmış ve moleküler markör analizleri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Bu çalışmalar sonucunda yüksek oleik asit karakterini selekte edebilen ve MAS için kullanılabilir 3 adet markör tespit edilmiştir.
Kaynakça
- Alberio, C., N. G. Izquierdo, T. Galella, S. Zuil, R. Reid, A. Zambelli, and L. A. Aguirrezábal. 2016. A new sunflower high oleic mutation confers stable oil grain fatty acid composition across environments. European Journal of Agronomy 73: 25-33.
- Andrich, G., S. Balzini, A. Zinnai, R. Fiorentini, S. Baroncelli, and C. Pugliesi. 1992. The oleic/linoleic ratio in achenes coming from sunflower lines treated with hard X-rays. pp. 1544-1549. In: Proceedings of the 13th International Sunflower Conference. Pisa, Italy.
- Anonim. 2014. Gümrük ve Ticaret Bakanlığı. Ayçiçeği Raporu 2014. Kooperatifçilik Genel Müdürlüğü.
- Anonymous. 2019a. Sunflower oil fatty acid profiles. National Sunflower Association. https://www. sunflowernsa.com/ health/sunflower-oil-fatty-acid-profiles/.
- Anonymous. 2019b. NuSun. National Sunflower Association. https://www.sunflowernsa.com/oil/nusun/.
- Anonymous. 2019c. High-oleic sunflower shows a rising trend. http://ucab.ua/en/pres_sluzhba/novosti/visokooleinovi_ sonyashnik_na_viskhidnomu_trendi.
- Barkley, N. A., M. L. Wang, and R. N. Pittman. 2011. A real-time PCR genotyping assay to detect FAD2A SNPs in peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.). Electronic Journal of Biotechnology 14 (1): 9-10.
- Baydar, H. 2000. Bitkilerde yağ sentezi, kalitesi ve kaliteyi artırmada ıslahın önemi. Ekin Dergisi 11: 50-57.
- Baydar, H. ve İ. Turgut. 1999. Yağlı tohumlu bitkilerde yağ asitleri kompozisyonunun bazı morfolojik ve fizyolojik özelliklere ve ekolojik bölgelere göre değişimi. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 23 (1): 81-86.
- Baydar, H., and S. Erbaş. 2005. Influence of seed development and seed position on oil, fatty acids and total tocopherol contents in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Turkish journal of Agriculture and Forestry 29 (3): 179-186.
- Berville, A., S. Lacombe, S. Veillet, C. Granier, S. Leger, and P. Jouve. 2009. Method of selecting sunflower genotypes with high oleic acid content in seed oil. The Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT), WO 2005/106022 A2.
- Bilgen, B. B. 2016. Characterization of sunflower inbred lines with high oleic acid content by DNA markers. pp. 662-668. In: Proceedings of the 19th International Sunflower Conference. ISA, 29 May - 3June, Edirne, Turkey.
- Bilgen, B. B., S Daneshvar, G. Evci, V. Pekcan, M. I. Yılmaz, and Y. Kaya. 2018. Determination of high oleic type and broomrape resistant sunflower hybrids by DNA markers. Ekin Journal of Crop Breeding and Genetics 4 (1): 22-30.
- Carvalho, C. G. P., L. F. Mazzola, J. M. G. Mandarino, F. C. Dalchiavon, J. L. Ribeiro, A. B. B. Filho, and A. D. Alves. 2019. Fatty acid profiles of oil obtained from midoleic sunflowers grown in Tropical Region. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society 96 (9): 1019-1025.
- Cuesta, C., A. Romero, and F. Sánchez-Muniz. 2001. Fatty acid changes in high oleic acid sunflower oil during successive deep-fat fryings of frozen foods. Revista de Agaroquimica y Tecnologia de Alimentos 7 (4): 317-328.
- Cvejić, S., S. Jocić, A. Dimitrijević, I. Imerovski, D. Miladinović, M. Jocković, and V. Miklič, 2016. An EMS mutation altering oil quality in sunflower inbred line. pp. 414-421. In: Proceedings of the 19th International Sunflower Conference. ISA, Edirne.
- DaMatta, F. M., A. Grandis, B. C. Arenque, and M. S. Buckeridge. 2010. Impacts of climate changes on crop physiology and food quality. Food Research International 43 (7): 1814-1823.
Demurin, Y., D. Skorić, I. Verešbaranji, and S. Jocić. 2000. Inheritance of increased oleic acid content in sunflower seed oil. Helia 23 (32): 87-92.
- Dimitrijević, A., I. Imerovski, D. Miladinović, S. Cvejić, S. Jocić, T. Zeremski, and Z. Sakac. 2017. Oleic acid variation and marker-assisted detection of Pervenets mutation in high-and low-oleic sunflower cross. Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology 17 (3): 235-241.
- Dobarganes, M. C., G. Marquez-Ruiz, and M. C. Perez-Camino. 1993. Thermal stability and frying performance of genetically modified sunflower seed (Helianthus annuus L.) oils. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 41 (4): 678-681.
- Doyle, J. J., and J. L. Doyle. 1990. Isolation of plant DNA from fresh tissue. Focus 12 (1): 13-15.
- Ebrahimi, A., P. Maury, M. Berger, S. P. Kiani, A. Nabipour, F. Shariati, and A. Sarrafi. 2008. QTL mapping of seed-quality traits in sunflower recombinant inbred lines under different water regimes. Genome 51 (8): 599-615. http://doi.org/10.1139/G08-038.
- Ferfuia, C., M. Turi, G. P. Vannozzi. 2015. Variability of seed fatty acid composition to growing degree-days in high oleic acid sunflower genotypes. Helia 38 (62): 61-78.
- Fernandez-Martinez, J., A. Jimenez, J. Dominguez, J. Garcia, R. Garces, and M. Mancha. 1989. Genetic analysis of the high oleic acid content in cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Euphytica 41 (1): 39-51.
- Fick, G. N., and J. F. Miller. 1997. Sunflower Breeding. pp. 395-439. In: A.A. Schneiter (Ed.) Sunflower Technology and Production. ASA. SCSA. and SSSA Monograph. No: 35. Madison, WI, USA.
- Güzel, M. ve Y. Kaya. 2015. Yağ bitkilerinde oleik asit: önemi ve oluşumunu belirleyen etmenler. 2. Ulusal Tarım Kongresi. 29-31 Ekim, Afyon. s.199.
- Karaca, E. ve S. Aytaç. 2007. Yağ bitkilerinde yağ asitleri kompozisyonu üzerine etki eden faktörler. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 22 (1): 123-131.
- Kaya, Y. 2016. Sunflower. Surinder Gupta (Ed.). Breeding Oilseed Crops for Sustainable Production, 1st Edition. 570 pages. Elseiver Press. pp.55-88.
- Kaya, Y. 2017. Türkiye’de ayçiçeği tarımı ve ekonomiye katkısı. Agrotime Uluslar arası Bitkisel Üretim ve Hayvancılık Dergisi 28: 16-20.
- Kaya, Y., I. Balalic, and V. Miklic. 2015. Eastern Europe Perspectives on Sunflower Production and Processing. pp. 575-638. In: N. Dunford, E. M. Force (ed.) Sunflower: Chemistry, Production, Processing, and Utilization. 710 pages. AOCS (American Oil Chemistry Society).
- Kaya, Y., S. Jocic, and D. Miladinovic. 2012. Sunflower. pp. 85-129. In: S. K. Gupta. (Ed.) Technological Innovations in Major World Oil Crops, Vol. 1. Springer Press.
- Kaya, Y., G. Evci, V. Kaya ve M. Kaya. 2007. Oleik Tip Ayçiçeği Tarımı ve Gelecekteki Yönü. 1. Ulusal Yağlı Tohumlu Bitkiler ve Biyodizel Sempozyumu, 28-31 Mayıs. Samsun. s.134-140.
- Kaya, Y., G. Evci, V. Pekcan ve T. Gücer. 2003. Ayçiçeğinde tane ve yağ veriminin oluşumunda etkili verim öğelerinin katkı oranlarının belirlenmesi. Türkiye 5. Tarla Bitkileri Kongresi. 13-17 Ekim, Diyarbakır. s.120-125.
- Kaya, Y., C. Colak, V. Pekcan, M. I. Yilmaz, and G. Evci. 2017. The determination of oleic acid contents in sunflower hybrids. pp. 23-24. In: Proc. 8th International Scientific Conference: Rural Development. Bioeconomy Challenges. November, 2017, Kaunas, Lithuania.
- Kaya, Y., G. Evci, V. Pekcan, T. Gücer, I. M. Yılmaz, I. Şahin, S. Gencer ve N. Çıtak. 2009. Farklı çevrelerde ayçiçeğinde oleik asit oranlarının belirlenmesi. Türkiye 8. Tarla Bitkileri Kongresi, Hatay 19-22 Ekim. 1: 159-163.
- Martínez-Rivas, J. M., P. Sperling, W. Lühs, and E. Heinz. 2001. Spatial and temporal regulation of three different microsomal oleate desaturase genes (FAD2) from normal-type and high-oleic varieties of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Molecular Breeding 8 (2): 159-168.
- Mohsennia, O., and J. Jalilian. 2012. Response of safflower seed quality characteristics to different soil fertility systems and irrigation disruption. International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences 3 (5): 968-976.
- Nagarathna, T., Y. Shadakshari, and T. Ramanappa. 2011. Molecular analysis of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) genotypes for high oleic acid using microsatellite markers. Helia 34 (55): 63-68.
- Nicolosi, R. J., B. Woolfrey, T. A. Wilson, P. Scollin, G. Handelman, and R. Fisher. 2004. Decreased aortic early atherosclerosis and associated risk factors in hypercholesterolemic hamsters fed a high-or mid-oleic acid oil compared to a high-linoleic acid oil. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 15 (9): 540-547.
- Ortiz, L. T., C. Alzueta, A. Rebole, M. L. Rodriguez, I. Arija, and A. Brenes. 2006. Effect of dietary high-oleic acid and conventional sunflower seeds and their refined oils on fatty acid composition of adipose tissue and meat in broiler chickens. Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences 15 (1): 83-95.
- Osorio, J., J. Fernández-Martínez, M. Mancha, and R. Garcés. 1995. Mutant sunflowers with high concentration of saturated fatty acids in the oil. Crop Science 35 (3): 739-742.
- Pacureanu-Joita, M., D. Stanciu, E. Petcu, S. Raranciuc, and I. Sorega. 2005. Sunflower genotypes with high oleic acid content. Romanian Agricultural Research 22: 23-26.
- Petros, Y., A. Carlsson, S. Stymne, H. Zeleke, A. S. Fält, and A. Merker. 2009. Developing high oleic acid in Guizotia abyssinica (Lf) Cass. by plant breeding. Plant Breeding 128 (6): 691-695.
- Porebski, S., L. G. Bailey, and B. R. Baum. 1997. Modification of a CTAB DNA extraction protocol for plants containing high polysaccharide and polyphenol components. Plant Mol Biol Rep. 15: 8-15.
- Rauf, S., N. Jamil, S. Ali Tariq, M. Khan, M. Kausar, and Y. Kaya. 2017. Progress in modification of sunflower oil to expand its industrial value. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 97 (7): 1997-2006.
- Roche, H. M. 2001. Invited Commentary-olive oil, high-oleic acid sunflower oil and CHD. British Journal of Nutrition 85 (1): 3-4.
Salem, E., N. Hamed, and O. Awlya. 2012. Implementation of the sunflower seeds in enhancing the nutritional values of cake. J Appl Sci Res. 8 (5): 2626-2631.
- Santalla, E., and R. Mascheroni. 2003. Note: Physical properties of high oleic sunflower seeds. Revista de Agaroquimica y Tecnologia de Alimentos 9 (6): 435-442.
- Schuppert, G. F., S. Tang, M. B. Slabaugh, and S. J. Knapp. 2006. The sunflower high-oleic mutant Ol carries variable tandem repeats of FAD2-1, a seed-specific oleoyl-phosphatidyl choline desaturase. Molecular Breeding 17 (3): 241-256.
- Singchai, A., N. Muangsan, and T. Machikowa. 2013. Evaluation of SSR markers associated with high oleic acid in sunflower. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Biological, Biomolecular, Agricultural, Food and Biotechnological Engineering 7 (10): 978-981.
- Škorić, D., S. Jocic, N. Lecic, and Z. Sakac. 2007. Development of sunflower hybrids with different oil quality. Helia 30 (47): 205-212.
- Soldatov, K. I. 1976. Chemical mutagenesis in sunflower breeding. pp. 352-357. In: Proc. 7th Int. Sunflower Conf., 27 June - 3 July, Krasnodar, Russia.
- Tilak, I., B. Kisan, and I. Shanker Goud. 2017. Evaluation of SSR and INDEL markers associated with high and low oleic acid content in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) genotypes. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 6 (5): 1560-1563.
- Vannozzi, G. P. 2006. The perspectives of use high oleic sunflower for oleochemistry and energy raws. Helia, 29 (44): 1-24.
- Warner, K. A. 2002. Optimizing the frying quality, flavor, and stability of sunflower oil. Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society 79 (2): 94-99.
- Zheljazkov, V. D., B. A. Vick, B. S. Baldwin, N. Buehring, C. Coker, T. Astatkie, and B. Johnson. 2011. Oil productivity and composition of sunflower as a function of hybrid and planting date. Industrial Crops and Products 33 (2): 537-543.