Öz
In this study, germination studies were carried out on some Crocus species such as Crocus olivieri ssp. balansae, Crocus chrysanthus, Crocus baytopiorum, Crocus pallasii ssp. pallasii spreading at western Anatolia. Seed viability was determined by using tetrazolium test. Testa, endosperm, embryo bed of seeds were examined at stereo binocular. The pretreatments for germination were; waiting seeds in moist sand at 5oC for 4 weeks, keeping seeds for 24 hours in water and in 200400 mg/l GA3 solutions; sowing directly to peat-filled viols. Seeds were sown between two blotting paper in petri dishes and kept at 10oC preserving enough humidity. The seeds of Crocus baytopiorum were germinated 25 days after sowing, Crocus olivieri ssp. balansae seeds were started to germinate within 33 days and the seeds of Crocus chrysanthus germinated in 37 days. For the treatment of sowing seeds directly to peat filled pots, the germination started 2 months later. The rate of emergence for Crocus olivieri ssp. balansae was 14 %; Crocus chrysanthus was 82.5 %; Crocus baytopiorum was 73.8 % and Crocus pallasii ssp. pallasii was 73.5 %. At in vitro conditions seeds were sown to MS medium without plant growth regulators with pretreatment of waiting seeds for 24 hours in solutions of 250 and 500 mg/L GA3. The germination rate was higher at treatment of 500 mg/L GA3 than 200 mg/L GA3.In vitro seed germination was started 8 months later and the rates were 25 % at Crocus olivieri ssp. balansae; 9.5 % at Crocus chrysanthus; 80 % at Crocus baytopiorum and 90 % at Crocus pallasii ssp. pallasii
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Benschop, M. 1993. Crocus. p257-272. In De Hertogh, A. A., Le Nard, M. (Ed.). The Physiology of Flower Bulbs. Elsevier Science Publishers B. V. Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Çiçek, F. F. 1994. Biology of Crocus olivieri subsp. olivieri. Master of Science Thesis Middle East Technical University, Institute of Science, Department of Biology. Ankara.
- Erken, K. 2009. Cultuvation of some natural plants, gaining new species and varieties to Ornamental Plants Industry TUBITAK Project. Identification, Selection,
- Detecting Techniques for Breeding and Gaining Ornamental Plants Industry of Iris spp. Spreading in Turkey. Sub-project report (in press).
- Erol, O., L. Şık, H. B. Kaya, B. Tanyolaç, and O. Küçüker. 2011. Genetic diversity of Crocus antalyensis B.
- Mathew (Iridaceae) and a new subspecies from Southern Anatolia. Plant Syst Evol. 294 (3-4): 281- 287. Kornerup, A., and Wanscher J. H. 1978. Methuen Hand Book of Colour. Third Edition, London.
- Köse, H. 1997. Studies on seed germination of some ornamental trees, bushes and shrubs growing naturally in Aegean region. PhD Thesis, Ege University, Department of Landscape Architecture, Institute of Science, Bornova-Izmir.
- Kravkaz, I. S. 2008. Phenological Characteristics of Crocus spp. in Kastamonu Region Master of Science Thesis,
- Gazi University, Institute of Science, Forest Engineering, Teknikokullar- Ankara. Şık, L., F. Candan, S. Soya, C. Karamenderes, T.
- Kesercioğlu, and B. Tanyolaç. 2008. Genetic variation among Crocus L. species from Western Turkey as revealed by RAPD and ISSR markers. Journal of Applied Biological Sciences 2 (2): 73-78.
- Vurdu, H. ve Cicek F.F. 1992. Our biological prosperity: Crocus (Crocus spp.), Journal of Fidan, 57: 2-5 p.
- Vurdu, H., K. Güney ve F. F. Çiçek. 2004. Biology of Crocus olivieri spp. olivieri. Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Saffron and Biotechnology, Acta Horticultura, Albacete-Spain 650: 71-83.
Öz
Bu çalışmada, Batı Anadolu’daki Crocus olivieri ssp. balansae, Crocus chrysanthus, Crocus baytopiorum, Crocus pallasii ssp. pallasii gibi bazı doğal Crocus taksonlarının tohum çimlendirme çalışmaları yürütülmüştür. Tohum canlılığı tetrazolium testi ile belirlenmiştir. Tohumların tohum kabuğu, endosperm ve embriyo gibi kısımları stero binokülerde incelenmiştir. Tohumları 5 oC’de 4 hafta nemli kumda bekletme, suda ve 200-400 mg/l’lik GA3 çözeltilerinde 24 saat tutma; torf doldurulmuş viyollere doğrudan ekme çimlenme çalışmalarının ön uygulamalarını oluşturmuştur. Tohumlar, petri kapları içine yerleştirilmiş nemli 2 adet kurutma kâğıdının arasına ekilmiş ve yeterli nemi korunarak 10 oC’de tutulmuştur. Crocus baytopiorum tohumları ekimden 25 gün sonra çimlenmiştir. Crocus olivieri ssp. balansae tohumları çimlenmeye 33 gün içinde başlamıştır. Crocus chrysanthus tohumları 37 günde çimlenmiştir. Tohumları doğrudan viyollere ekme uygulamasında çıkışlar ekimden 2 ay sonra olmuştur. Çıkış oranları Crocus olivieri ssp. balansae’de %14; Crocus chrysanthus’ta % 82,5; Crocus baytopiorum’da % 73,8 ve Crocus pallasii ssp. pallasii’de % 73,5 olarak belirlenmiştir. In vitro koşullarda tohumlar bitki büyümeyi düzenleyici içermeyen MS ortamına tohumların 24 saat 250 ve 500 mg/L GA3 çözeltilerinde bekletildiği ön uygulamalardan sonra ekilmiştir. Çimlenme oranı 500 mg/L GA3 ön uygulamasında 250 mg/L GA3 ön uygulamasından daha yüksek bulunmuştur. In vitro tohum çimlenmesi ekimden 8 ay sonra başlamış ve oranlar Crocus olivieri ssp. balansae’de % 25; Crocus chrysanthus’ta %9,5; Crocus baytopiorum’da % 80 ve Crocus pallasii ssp. pallasii’de % 90 olarak belirlenmiştir
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Benschop, M. 1993. Crocus. p257-272. In De Hertogh, A. A., Le Nard, M. (Ed.). The Physiology of Flower Bulbs. Elsevier Science Publishers B. V. Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Çiçek, F. F. 1994. Biology of Crocus olivieri subsp. olivieri. Master of Science Thesis Middle East Technical University, Institute of Science, Department of Biology. Ankara.
- Erken, K. 2009. Cultuvation of some natural plants, gaining new species and varieties to Ornamental Plants Industry TUBITAK Project. Identification, Selection,
- Detecting Techniques for Breeding and Gaining Ornamental Plants Industry of Iris spp. Spreading in Turkey. Sub-project report (in press).
- Erol, O., L. Şık, H. B. Kaya, B. Tanyolaç, and O. Küçüker. 2011. Genetic diversity of Crocus antalyensis B.
- Mathew (Iridaceae) and a new subspecies from Southern Anatolia. Plant Syst Evol. 294 (3-4): 281- 287. Kornerup, A., and Wanscher J. H. 1978. Methuen Hand Book of Colour. Third Edition, London.
- Köse, H. 1997. Studies on seed germination of some ornamental trees, bushes and shrubs growing naturally in Aegean region. PhD Thesis, Ege University, Department of Landscape Architecture, Institute of Science, Bornova-Izmir.
- Kravkaz, I. S. 2008. Phenological Characteristics of Crocus spp. in Kastamonu Region Master of Science Thesis,
- Gazi University, Institute of Science, Forest Engineering, Teknikokullar- Ankara. Şık, L., F. Candan, S. Soya, C. Karamenderes, T.
- Kesercioğlu, and B. Tanyolaç. 2008. Genetic variation among Crocus L. species from Western Turkey as revealed by RAPD and ISSR markers. Journal of Applied Biological Sciences 2 (2): 73-78.
- Vurdu, H. ve Cicek F.F. 1992. Our biological prosperity: Crocus (Crocus spp.), Journal of Fidan, 57: 2-5 p.
- Vurdu, H., K. Güney ve F. F. Çiçek. 2004. Biology of Crocus olivieri spp. olivieri. Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Saffron and Biotechnology, Acta Horticultura, Albacete-Spain 650: 71-83.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Aralık 2013 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 7 Eylül 2015 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2013 Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2 |