Comparison of short form-36 and World Health Organization quality of life scales in patients with obstructive sleep apnea

Yıl 2025, , 19 - 28, 29.01.2025

Filiz Manga Günaydın

https://doi.org/10.21673/anadoluklin.1419384

Öz

Aim: In this study, the objective was to compare the reliability and effectiveness of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL–BREF) and Short Form 36 (SF-36) questionnaires in assessing the quality of life in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).

Methods: 50 patients diagnosed with OSAS, has been included in the study at the “Derince Training and Research Hospital’s Neurology Clinic Sleep & Sleep Disorders Center” between November 25, 2023, and January 5, 2024, along with 20 individuals in the control group with normal polysomnography (PSG) results. Data, including smoking habits, comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia), apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), rapid eye movement (REM) stage, non-REM stage 1 (N-REM 1), non-REM stage 2 (N-REM 2), non-REM stage 3 (N-REM 3) ratios, and average oxygen (O2) saturation, has been recorded from PSG. With applying the WHOQOL–BREF and SF-36 questionnaire, Beck Depression Scale (BDI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) to the patients, the reliability and effectiveness of WHOQOL–BREF and SF-36 questionnaires were compared.

Results: The study was conducted with a total of 70 cases, consisting of 35.7% females (n=25) and 64.3% males (n=45). Of the cases, 28.6% (n=20) were categorized as the control group, and 71.4% (n=50) as the patient group. Although it does not show a statistically significant difference; Epworth Sleepiness Scale and Beck Depression Scale scores were determined to be higher in the OSAS group (p>0.05). However, despite no statistical significance, the WHOQOL-BREF Scale scores of the patients differed, with lower scores in general health, physical health, and environment (p>0.05). SF-36 physical function scores, while not statistically significant, were lower in the OSAS group. Men’s SF-36 “Physical Function” score, while not statistically significant compared to women, was notably higher (p=0.054; p>0.05). Men had statistically significantly higher SF-36 scores in “Physical Role Limitations” (p=0.009; p<0.01), “Emotional Role Limitations” (p=0.025; p<0.05), and “Social Functioning” (p=0.021; p<0.05) compared to women.

Conclusion: The study demonstrated that the SF-36 scale is a better indicator for assessing quality of life in OSAS patients compared to the WHOQOL-BREF scale. We would like to emphasize that this study will contribute to the literature, as the comparison of these two quality of life scales in diagnosing and identifying the patient group for treatment in OSAS patients has not been previously made.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, questionnaires, quality of life, World Health Organization

Obstrüktif uyku apne hastalarında kısa form-36 ve Dünya Sağlık Örgütü yaşam kalitesi ölçeklerinin karşılaştırılması

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada; Dünya Sağlık Örgütü Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği (WHOQOL –BREF) ve Kısa Form 36 (SF-36) anketlerinin obstrüktif uyku apne sendrom (OSAS)’lu hastalarda; yaşam kalitesini değerlendirmede güvenilirliğini ve etkinliğini karşılaştırmayı amaçladık.

Yöntemler: Bu çalışmaya Kocaeli Derince Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi nöroloji kliniği uyku ve uyku bozuklukları merkezinde 25.11.2023-05.01.2024 tarihleri arasında OSAS tanısı alan 50 hasta ve polisomnografisi (PSG) normal saptanan 20 kişi kontrol grubu olarak alındı. Sigara kullanımı, eşlik eden hastalıklar (diyabet, hipertansiyon, hiperlipidemi), PSG’de apne-hipopne indeksi (AHI), rapid eye movement (REM) evresi, non-REM Evre 1 (N-REM 1), non-REM Evre 2 (N-REM 2), non-REM Evre 3 (N-REM 3) oranları, ortalama oksijen (O2) saturasyonu not alındı. Hastalara WHOQOL –BREF ve SF-36 anketleri, Beck depresyon ölçeği (BDI), Epworth Uykululuk Skalası (ESS) uygulanarak; WHOQOL –BREF ve SF-36 anketlerinin güvenilirliği ve etkinliği karşılaştırıldı.

Bulgular: Çalışma; %35,7’si (n=25) kadın ve %64,3’ü (n=45) erkek olmak üzere toplam 70 olguyla yapıldı. Olguların %28,6’sı (n=20) kontrol ve %71,4’ü (n=50) hasta grubu olarak alındı. İstatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık göstermese de; OSAS grubunda Epworth Uykululuk Skalası ve Beck depresyon ölçeği skorları daha yüksek saptandı (p>0,05). Gruplara göre olguların WHOQOL-BREF Ölçeği skorları istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık göstermemekle beraber genel sağlık, fiziksek sağlık ve çevre skorları OSAS hastalarında daha düşük saptandı (p>0,05). SF-36 fiziksel fonksiyon skorları; istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmasa da OSAS grubunda daha düşük saptandı. Erkeklerin SF-36 “Fiziksel fonksiyon” skoru kadınlardan istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmamakla birlikte dikkat çekici düzeyde yüksek saptandı (p=0,054; p>0,05). Erkeklerin SF-36 “Fiziksel rol güçlüğü” skoru (p=0,009; p<0,01), “Emosyonel rol güçlüğü” skoru (p=0,025; p<0,05) ve “Sosyal işlevsellik” skoru (p=0,021; p<0,05) kadınlardan istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde yüksek saptandı.

Sonuç: Çalışma; OSAS hastalarında yaşam kalitesini değerlendirmede SF-36 ölçeğinin, WHOQOL–BREF ölçeğine göre daha iyi bir gösterge olduğunu gösterdi. OSAS hastalarında, iki yaşam kalite ölçeğinin tanıda ve tedavi verilecek hasta grubunu tespit etme konusunda karşılaştırılması yapılmadığı için, çalışmanın literatüre katkıda bulunacağını vurgulamak istiyoruz.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dünya Sağlık Örgütü, ölçekler, tıkayıcı uyku apne sendromu, yaşam kalitesi

Destekleyen Kurum

Çalışma için mali destek alınmamıştır.

Kaynakça

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