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Intraparotidal branching patterns of the facial nerve and it’s surgical significance

Yıl 2024, , 329 - 335, 23.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.21673/anadoluklin.1471734

Öz

Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the intraparotidal branching patterns, anastomoses, and anatomical variations of the facial nerve and to emphasize the surgical importance of branching patterns.

Methods: This study included patients who underwent total or superficial parotidectomy for parotid mass between 2018 and 2023 and had available photographs taken at the end of the surgery showing the intraparotid facial nerve course from the main trunk. Classification of facial nerve branching and anastomosis was performed according to the classification of Katz and Catalano and analyzed accordingly.

Results: Forty-eight patients who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. 18 of the patients were women and 30 were men. The average age of the patients was 57.37. When facial nerve branching patterns were analyzed, the most common branching pattern was type 1 (41.6%). The second most common branching pattern was type 2 (27.08%). Type 3 branching pattern was seen in 20.83% of the patients and type 4 was seen in 6.25% of the patients. The least common type was type 5 (4.16%).

Conclusion: This is the first study in our country to investigate the intraparotidal branching pattern of the facial nerve in adults. As a result of the study, it was observed that the most common branching pattern was type 1. It is thought that surgeons dealing with the parotid gland may benefit from being familiar with intraparotid facial nerve branching patterns in order to perform a successful and uncomplicated surgery.

Kaynakça

  • Gataa IS, Faris BJ. Patterns and surgical significance of facial nerve branching within the parotid gland in 43 cases. Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2016;20(2):161-5.
  • Agarwal AC, Srivastava A, Gupta T, Agarwal AC. Intra-parotid course and variations in the branching pattern of facial nerve: our experience. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2023;75(3):1806-12.
  • Ertemoğlu Öksüz C, Kalaycıoğlu A, Uzun Ö, Kalkışım ŞN. Morphological evaluation of terminal branches of the facial nerve within the parotid gland in fetus cadavers. Cukurova Med J. 2019;2(44):509-16.
  • Kopuz C, Turgut S, Yavuz S, Ilgi S. Distribution of facial nerve in parotid gland: analysis of 50 cases. Okajimas Folia Anat Jpn. 1994;70(6):295-9.
  • Alkan S, Seven H, Şan B, Turgut S. Erişkinlerde fasiyal sinirin parotis bezi içindeki dallanma paterni ve retromandibüler venle ilişkisinin incelenmesi. Turk Arc Otorhinolaryngol. 2002;40(1):48-52.
  • Kalaycioğlu A, Yeginoğlui G, Ertemoğlu Öksüz C, Uzun Ö, Kalkişim ŞN. An anatomical study on the facial nerve trunk in fetus cadavers. Turk J Med Sci. 2014;44(3):484-9.
  • Katz AD, Catalano P. The clinical significance of the various anastomotic branches of the facial nerve. Report of 100 patients. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1987;113(9):959-62.
  • Kim YS, Suh YJ, Kim W, Chun CS. Branching pattern of the facial nerve in the parotid gland. J Korean Sur Soc. 2002;62:453-5.
  • Stankevicius D, Suchomlinov A. Variations in facial nerve branches and anatomical landmarks for ıts trunk identification: a pilot cadaveric study in the lithuanian population. Cureus. 2019;11(11):e6100.
  • Thuku FM, Butt F, Guthua SW, Chindia M. An anatomic study of the facial nerve trunk and branching pattern in an african population. Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction Open. 2018;2(1):31-7.
  • Davis RA, Anson BJ, Budinger JM, Kurth LR. Surgical anatomy of the facial nerve and parotid gland based upon a study of 350 cervicofacial halves. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1956;102(4):385-412.
  • Park IY, Lee ME. A morphological study of the parotid gland and the peripheral branches of the facial nerve in Koreans. Yonsei Med J. 1977;18(1):45-51.
  • Bernstein L, Nelson RH. Surgical anatomy of the extraparotid distribution of the facial nerve. Arch Otolaryngol. 1984;110(3):177-83.
  • Khaliq BA, Nisar J, Yousuf A, Maqbool T, Ahmad R. Facial nerve branching pattern as seen in parotidectomy in kashmiri population: our experience. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2017;3(1):95-7.
  • Myint K, Azian AL, Khairul FA. The clinical significance of the branching pattern of the facial nerve in malaysian subjects. Med J Malaysia. 1992;47(2):114-21.
  • Ekinci N. A study on the branching pattern of the facial nerve of children. Kaibogaku Zasshi. 1999;74(4):447-50.

Fasiyal sinirin intraparotidal dallanma paternleri ve cerrahi önemi

Yıl 2024, , 329 - 335, 23.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.21673/anadoluklin.1471734

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı fasiyal sinirin intraparotidal dallanma paternlerini, anastomozlarını ve anatomik varyasyonlarını araştırmak ve dallanma paternlerinin cerrahi önemini vurgulamaktır.

Yöntemler: Bu çalışmaya 2018-2023 yılları arasında parotis kitlesi nedeniyle total veya yüzeyel parotidektomi uygulanan ve ameliyat sonunda intraparotidal fasiyal sinirin ana trunkustan itibaren seyrini gösteren fotoğrafları mevcut olan hastalar dâhil edildi. Hastaların fasiyal sinir dallanma ve anastomoz sınıflaması Katz ve Catalano’nun sınıflamasına göre yapıldı ve buna göre analiz edildi.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya dâhil edilme kriterlerini sağlayan 48 hasta dâhil edildi. Hastaların 18 tanesi kadın, 30 tanesi erkek idi. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 57,37 idi. Fasiyal sinir dallanma paternleri analiz edildiğinde en sık olan dallanma paterninin tip 1 olduğu görülmüştür (%41,6). İkinci sıklıkta ise tip 2 (%27,08) dallanma paterni görülmüştür. Tip 3 dallanma hastaların % 20,83’ünde, tip 4 ise hastaların %6,25’inde görülmüştür. En az görülen tipin ise tip 5 dallanma paterni olduğu bulunmuştur (%4,16).

Sonuç: Bu çalışma ülkemizdeki erişkinlerde yapılan, kadavra çalışması olmayan ve fasiyal sinirin intraparotidal dallanma paternini araştıran ilk çalışmadır. Çalışma sonucunda en sık görülen dallanma paterninin tip 1 dallanma paterni olduğu görülmüştür. Parotis bezi cerrahisi ile uğraşan hekimlerin fasiyal sinir intraparotidal dallanma paternlerine hâkim olmasının, başarılı ve komplikasyonsuz bir cerrahi gerçekleştirilebilmesi için önemli olabileceği düşünülmüştür.

Kaynakça

  • Gataa IS, Faris BJ. Patterns and surgical significance of facial nerve branching within the parotid gland in 43 cases. Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2016;20(2):161-5.
  • Agarwal AC, Srivastava A, Gupta T, Agarwal AC. Intra-parotid course and variations in the branching pattern of facial nerve: our experience. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2023;75(3):1806-12.
  • Ertemoğlu Öksüz C, Kalaycıoğlu A, Uzun Ö, Kalkışım ŞN. Morphological evaluation of terminal branches of the facial nerve within the parotid gland in fetus cadavers. Cukurova Med J. 2019;2(44):509-16.
  • Kopuz C, Turgut S, Yavuz S, Ilgi S. Distribution of facial nerve in parotid gland: analysis of 50 cases. Okajimas Folia Anat Jpn. 1994;70(6):295-9.
  • Alkan S, Seven H, Şan B, Turgut S. Erişkinlerde fasiyal sinirin parotis bezi içindeki dallanma paterni ve retromandibüler venle ilişkisinin incelenmesi. Turk Arc Otorhinolaryngol. 2002;40(1):48-52.
  • Kalaycioğlu A, Yeginoğlui G, Ertemoğlu Öksüz C, Uzun Ö, Kalkişim ŞN. An anatomical study on the facial nerve trunk in fetus cadavers. Turk J Med Sci. 2014;44(3):484-9.
  • Katz AD, Catalano P. The clinical significance of the various anastomotic branches of the facial nerve. Report of 100 patients. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1987;113(9):959-62.
  • Kim YS, Suh YJ, Kim W, Chun CS. Branching pattern of the facial nerve in the parotid gland. J Korean Sur Soc. 2002;62:453-5.
  • Stankevicius D, Suchomlinov A. Variations in facial nerve branches and anatomical landmarks for ıts trunk identification: a pilot cadaveric study in the lithuanian population. Cureus. 2019;11(11):e6100.
  • Thuku FM, Butt F, Guthua SW, Chindia M. An anatomic study of the facial nerve trunk and branching pattern in an african population. Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction Open. 2018;2(1):31-7.
  • Davis RA, Anson BJ, Budinger JM, Kurth LR. Surgical anatomy of the facial nerve and parotid gland based upon a study of 350 cervicofacial halves. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1956;102(4):385-412.
  • Park IY, Lee ME. A morphological study of the parotid gland and the peripheral branches of the facial nerve in Koreans. Yonsei Med J. 1977;18(1):45-51.
  • Bernstein L, Nelson RH. Surgical anatomy of the extraparotid distribution of the facial nerve. Arch Otolaryngol. 1984;110(3):177-83.
  • Khaliq BA, Nisar J, Yousuf A, Maqbool T, Ahmad R. Facial nerve branching pattern as seen in parotidectomy in kashmiri population: our experience. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2017;3(1):95-7.
  • Myint K, Azian AL, Khairul FA. The clinical significance of the branching pattern of the facial nerve in malaysian subjects. Med J Malaysia. 1992;47(2):114-21.
  • Ekinci N. A study on the branching pattern of the facial nerve of children. Kaibogaku Zasshi. 1999;74(4):447-50.
Toplam 16 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Kulak Burun Boğaz
Bölüm ORJİNAL MAKALE
Yazarlar

Kamil Gokce Tulacı 0000-0001-6783-2133

Yayımlanma Tarihi 23 Eylül 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 21 Nisan 2024
Kabul Tarihi 17 Temmuz 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Tulacı KG. Fasiyal sinirin intraparotidal dallanma paternleri ve cerrahi önemi. Anadolu Klin. 2024;29(3):329-35.

13151 This Journal licensed under a CC BY-NC (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0) International License.