Evaluation of quality of life in HIV/AIDS patients

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2, 135 - 141, 24.05.2022

Esma Eroğlu Merve Sefa Sayar

https://doi.org/10.21673/anadoluklin.1028186

Öz

Aim: In our study, it was aimed to evaluate the quality of life scores by comparing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) / acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients with healthy volunteers.

Methods: Sixty people, including 20 HIV/AIDS and 40 healthy volunteers followed in the Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology outpatient clinic, were included in the study. A “short form-36” (SF-36) questionnaire was administered to all individuals to assess their quality of life.

Results: The mean age of HIV/AIDS patients was 35.9±8.9 years and the healthy control group was 34.5±8 years. In the HIV/AIDS group, 18 (90%) were male, 2 (10%) were female, and 16 (40%) healthy volunteers were male and 24 (60%) female. There was no statistically significant difference between HIV-infected patients and healthy volunteers. It was determined that women were more advantageous in terms of physical quality of life, and when the general health status was evaluated, the male gender was more advantageous. It was determined that only the mental health parameter of married people was higher.

Conclusion: The health-related quality of life of patients with chronic diseases such as HIV/AIDS patients is often conceptualized as having physical, mental, and social domains, and it is accepted that it can be significantly affected by independence, spirituality, and environmental factors. However, in our study, the quality of life scores of HIV/AIDS patients were similar to the population. However, it is known that in many chronic diseases, these patients should be supported by psychiatry clinics when necessary. In this way, the quality of life of patients should be increased with a multidisciplinary approach.

Anahtar Kelimeler

HIV/AIDS, quality of life, SF 36

HIV/AIDS hastalarında yaşam kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Amaç: Çalışmamızda insan immün yetmezlik virüsü (HIV) / kazanılmış bağışıklık yetmezliği sendromu (AIDS) hastaları ile sağlıklı gönüllüler karşılaştırılarak yaşam kalitesi skorlarının değerlendirilmesi hedeflendi.

Yöntemler: Çalışmaya Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji polikliniğinde takipli 20 HIV/AIDS ve 40 sağlıklı gönüllü olmak üzere 60 kişi dahil edildi. Tüm bireylere yaşam kalitesi değerlendirilmesi amacıyla “short form -36” (SF-36) anketi yapıldı.

Bulgular: HIV/AIDS hastalarının yaş ortalaması 35,9±8,9 ve sağlıklı kontrol grubunun ise 34,5±8 idi. HIV/AIDS grubunun 18’i (%90) erkek 2’si (%10) kadın, ve sağlıklı gönüllülerin 16’sı (%40) erkek, 24’ü (%60) kadın idi. HIV ile enfekte hastalar ile sağlıklı gönüllüler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark elde edilmedi. Kadınların fiziksel yaşam kalitesi açısından daha avantajlı olduğu, genel sağlık durumu değerlendirildiğinde ise erkek cinsiyetin daha avantajlı olduğu saptanmıştır. Evlilerin sadece mental sağlık parametresinin daha yüksek olduğu saptandı.

Sonuç: HIV/AIDS hastaları gibi kronik hastalığı olan hastaların sağlıkla ilişkili yaşam kaliteleri sıklıkla fiziksel, mental ve sosyal alanlara sahip olarak kavramsallaştırılmaktadır ve bağımsızlık, maneviyat ve çevresel faktörlerle önemli ölçüde etkilenebileceği kabul edilmektedir. Fakat çalışmamızda HIV/AIDS hastalarında yaşam kalitesi skorları toplum ile benzer çıkmıştır. Bununla beraber bilinmektedir ki birçok kronik hastalıkta gerekli durumlarda bu hastalar psikiyatri klinikleri tarafından desteklenmelidir. Bu şekilde multidisipliner yaklaşım ile hastaların yaşam kalitelerinin artırılması sağlanmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

HIV/AIDS, SF 36, yaşam kalitesi

Kaynakça

• Reitz MS, Gallo RC. Human immunodeficiency viruses In: Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9th ed. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier, 2020;169:2202-12.
• World Health Organization. HIV/AIDS, Data and statistics [İnternet]. Geneva: WHO [cited 2021 Nov 20]. Available from: http://www.who.int/hiv/data/en/.
• Bakiono F, Guiguimdé PW, Sanou M, Ouédraogo L, Robert A. Quality of life in persons living with HIV in Burkina Faso: a follow-up over 12 months. BMC Public Health. 2015;15:1119.
• Braitstein P, Brinkhof M, Dabis F, Schechter M, Boulle A, Miotti P, et al. Mortality of HIV-1-infected patients in the first year of antiretroviral therapy: comparison between low-income and high-income countries. Lancet. 2006;367:817–24.
• Fauci AS, Marston HD. Achieving an AIDS-free world: science and implementation. Cell. 2013;155:733–4.
• Mills EJ, Lester R, Ford N. Promoting long term adherence to antiretroviral treatment. BMJ. 2012;344:e4173.
• UNAIDS. The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, 90–90–90 an ambitious treatment target to help end the AIDS epidemic. 2014:2684.
• Langebeek N, Gisolf EH, Reiss P, Vervoort SC, Thóra B, Richter C, et al. Predictors and correlates of adherence to combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) for chronic HIV infection: a meta-analysis. BMC Med. 2014;12:142.
• Brown JL, Vanable PA. Cognitive–behavioral stress management interventions for persons living with HIV: a review and critique of the literature. Ann Behav Med. 2008;35:26–40.
• Fisher JD, Smith L. Secondary prevention of HIV infection: the current state of prevention for positives. Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2009;4(4):279–87.
• Rotheram-Borus MJ, Stein JA, Jiraphongsa C, Khumtong S, Lee S-J, Li L. Benefits of family and social relationships for Thai parents living with HIV. Prev Sci. 2010;11:298–307.
• Albarracín D, Gillette JC, Earl AN, Glasman LR, Durantini MR, Ho M-H. A test of major assumptions about behavior change: a comprehensive look at the effects of passive and active HIV-prevention interventions since the beginning of the epidemic. Psychol Bull. 2005;131(6):856–97.
• Walker J. Rural women with HIV and AIDS: perceptions of service accessibility, psychosocial, and mental health counseling needs. J Ment Health Couns. 2002;24(4):299–316.
• Wouters E, Van Damme W, van Rensburg D, Masquillier C, Meulemans H. Impact of community-based support services on antiretroviral treatment programme delivery and outcomes in resource-limited countries: a synthetic review. BMC Health Serv Res. 2012;12:194.
• Qiao S, Li X, Stanton B. Social support and HIV-related risk behaviors: a systematic review of the global literature. AIDS Behav. 2014;18:419–41.
• Koçyiğit H, Aydemir Ö, Fişek G, Memiş AK. Kısa Form 36 (KF-36)’nın Türkçe versiyonunun geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği. İlaç ve Tedavi Dergisi 1999;12(2):102-6.
• Boylu AA, Paçacıoğlu B. Yaşam Kalitesi ve Göstergeleri. Journal of Academic Researches and Studies 2016:8(15):137-44.
• Megari K. Quality of life in chronic disease patients. Health Psychol Res. 2013;1(3):27.
• Karacaer Z, Altındiş S, Gencer S, Gümüşer F, Erol S, Özkan H, et al. İnsan Bağışıklık Yetmezliği Virusu İnfeksiyonu Olan Kişilerin Yaşam Kalitesi: Kesitsel Çalışma. Klimik Dergisi 2019;32(2):154-60.
• Bhatta DN, Liabsuetrakul T, McNeil EB. Social and behavioral interventions for improving quality of life of HIV infected people receiving antiretroviral therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2017;15(1):80.
• Hikasa S, Shimabukuro S, Hideta K Kuroda N, Higasa S, Sawada A, et al. Quality of life of people living with HIV compared with that of the general population in Japan. J Infect Chemother. 2017;(23) 698-702.
• Tesfay A, Gebremariam A, Gerbaba M, Abrha H. Gen-der differences in health related quality of life among people living with HIV on highly active antiretroviral therapy in Mekelle Town, Northern Ethiopia. Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:516369.
• Lifson AR, Grandits G, Gardner EM, Wolff MJ, Pulik P,Williams I et al. Quality of life assessment among HIVpositive persons entering the INSIGHT Strategic Timing of AntiRetroviral Treatment (START) trial. HIV Med. 2015;16(Suppl. 1):88-96.
• Ruiz Perez I, Rodriguez Baño J, Lopez Ruz MA, del Arco Jimenez A, Causse Prados M, Pasquau Liaño J et al. Health-related quality of life of patients with HIV: Impact of sociodemographic, clinical and psychosocial factors. Qual Life Res. 2005; 14(5): 1301-10.
• Briongos Figuero LS, Bachiller Luque P, Palacios Martín T, González Sagrado M, Eiros Bouza JM. Assessment of factors influencing health-related quality of life in HIVinfected patients. HIV Med. 2011;12(1):22-30.
• Akinboro AO, Akinyemi SO, Olaitan PB, Raji AA, Popoola AA, Awoyemi OR et al. Quality of life of Nigerians living with human immunodeficiency virus. Pan Afr Med J. 2014;18:234.
• Ledo AP, Rodrigez-Prieto I, Lins L, Gomes Neto M, Brites C. Association Between Health-Related Quality of Life and Physical Functioning in Antiretroviral-Naive HIV-Infected Patients. The Open AIDS Journal. 2018;12:119.
• Sun W, Wu M, Qu P, Lu C, Wang L. Quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS under the new epidemic characteristics in China and the associated factors. PLoS One. 2013;8(5):64562.