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Knowledge, attitude, practices, seroprevalence and vaccination status concerning hepatitis B, hepatitis C, human immunodeficiency virus among health care students

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 2, 113 - 122, 23.05.2023
https://doi.org/10.21673/anadoluklin.1219187

Öz

Aim: Students of all departments that serve patients during their education are in the risk group in terms of parenterally transmitted microorganisms. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge level and serologic status of healthcare students about viral hepatitis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection.

Methods: A sociodemographic questionnaire consisting of 29 questions was applied to 262 students who presented to the medico-social outpatient clinic between January 2015 and December 2020. Additionally, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B surface antibody (Anti HBs), hepatitis B core antibody (Anti HBc total), hepatitis C virus antibody (Anti HCV), HIV antibody (Anti-HIV) serum levels were investigated. The obtained information was evaluated with descriptive statistics and chi-square test in statistical package for the social sciences package program version 20. Results were given as frequency and percentage.

Results: The mean age of the study group (230 female and 32 male) was 21.29 ± 2.2 years. According to the questionnaire, 43.9% of students stated that they had HBV vaccination, while 56.1% of the students stated that they were not vaccinated. The rate of the student who checked antibodies after vaccination was 14.1%. While 74% of students stated that they took lessons about hepatitis risk factors, 26% of students did not take any lessons. According to the laboratory results, Anti HBs positivity was found in 235 students (89.7%). Anti-HBc total positivity was found in 5 students (1.9%). HBsAg positivity was found in 2 students (0.8%). Anti-HCV and Anti-HIV were negative in all our students.

Conclusion: Our results indicate that high prevalence of Anti HBs seropositivity among healthcare students. This result can be explained by our successful vaccination program in Turkey. As a preventive medicine perspective, it should be ensured that students studying at these schools should be trained, screened, and guided to become immune.

Kaynakça

  • Jayakiruthiga S, Rajkamal R, Gopalakrishnan S, Umadevi R. Knowledge, attitude and practices concerning hepatitis B infection, among medical students in urban area of Chennai, Tamil Nadu. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2018;5(3):635-8.
  • Khan SA, Liew ML, Omar H. Role of ethical beliefs and attitudes of dental students in providing care for HIV/AIDS patients. Saudi Dent J. 2017;29(1):7-14.
  • Afihene MY, Duduyemi BM, Hannah-Lisa A, Khatib M. Knowledge, attitude and practices concerning hepatitis B infection, among healthcare workers in Bantama, Ghana: A cross sectional study. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2017;2(3):244-53.
  • Shrestha DB, Khadka M, Khadka M, Subedi P, Pokharel S, Thapa BB. Hepatitis B vaccination status and knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding Hepatitis B among preclinical medical students of a medical college in Nepal. PLoS One. 2020;15(11):e0242658.
  • Bouya S, Balouchi A, Rafiemanesh H, at al. Global prevalence and device related causes of needle stick injuries among health care workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Glob Health. 2020;86(1):35.
  • Chhabra D, Mishra S, Gawande K, Sharma A, Kishore S, Bhadoria AS. Knowledge, attitude, and practice study on hepatitis B among medical and nursing undergraduate students of an apex healthcare institute at Uttarakhand foothills: A descriptive analysis. J Family Med Prim Care. 2019;8(7):2354-60.
  • HyLown Consulting LLC, Atlanta, GA. . Available from: http://powerandsamplesize.com/Calculators/Test-1-Proportion/1-Sample-Equality [Date of access:22.12.2022].
  • Chow SC, Shao J, Wang H, Lokhnygina Y. Sample Size Calculations in Clinical Research (3rd ed.). Chapman and Hall/CRC (2017).
  • Schillie S, Vellozzi C, Reingold A, at al. Prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in the United States: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on immunization practices. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2018;67(1):1-31.
  • Ozisik L, Tanriover MD, Altınel S, Unal S. Vaccinating healthcare workers: level of implementation, barriers and proposal for evidence-based policies in Turkey. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2017;13(5):1198-206.
  • Babanejad M, Izadi N, Alavian SM. A systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence of HBsAg in health care workers from Eastern Mediterranean and Middle Eastern countries. Int J Prev Med. 2019;144(10):1-10.
  • Elsheikh TAE, Balla SA, Bashir AA, Abdalla AA, Elgasim MAEA, Swareldahab Z. Conditional probabilities of HBV markers among health care workers in public hospitals in White Nile State, Sudan; 2013. Glob J Health Sci . 2017;9(5):10-7.
  • Djeriri K, Laurichesse H, Merle JL, at al. Hepatitis B in Moroccan health care workers. Occup Med (Lond). 2008;58(6):419-24.
  • Binesh F, Mehrparvar AH, Atefi A. Seroprevalence of HBV and immunity status of health care workers in a referral community hospital in central Iran. World Appl. Sci. J.. 2015;33(2):263-6.
  • Tozun N, Ozdogan O, Cakaloglu Y, at al. Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C virus infections and risk factors in Turkey: a fieldwork TURHEP study. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2015;21(11):1020-6.
  • Kahraman HG, Ozbek OA, Emek M, Atasoylu G, Sekreter O, Unal B. Hepatitis B seroprevalence and the relationship between being hepatitis B vaccinated and infected with social determinants of health: Manisa, 2014. Hepat Mon. 2018;18(7):e65395.
  • Boşnak VK, Karaoğlan İ, Namıduru M, Şahin A. Seroprevalences of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV of the healthcare workers in the Gaziantep university Sahinbey research and training hospital. Viral Hepat J. 2013;19(1):11-4.
  • Spradling PR, Williams RE, Xing J, Soyemi K, Towers J. Serologic testing for protection against hepatitis B virus infection among students at a health sciences university in the United States. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2012 ;33(7):732-6.
  • Slusarczyk J, Małkowski P, Bobilewicz D, Juszczyk G. Cross-sectional, anonymous screening for asymptomatic HCV infection, immunity to HBV, and occult HBV infection among health care workers in Warsaw, Poland. Przegl Epidemiol. 2012;66(3):445-51.
  • Cárdenas-Perea ME, Gómez-Conde E, Santos-López G, at al. Hepatitis B surface antibodies in medical students from a public university in Puebla, Mexico. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2016;12(7):1857-62.
  • Alqahtani JM, Abu-Eshy SA, Mahfouz AA, El-Mekki AA, Asaad AM. Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C virus infections among health students and health care workers in the Najran region, southwestern Saudi Arabia: the need for national guidelines for health students. BMC Public Health. 2014;14(1):1-7.
  • Dumaidi K, Al-Jawabreh A. Persistence of Anti-HBs Among Palestinian Medical Students After 18-22 Years of Vaccination: A Cross-Sectional Study. Hepat Mon. 2015;15(11):e29325.
  • Mesfin YM, Kibret KT. Assessment of knowledge and practice towards hepatitis B among medical and health science students in Haramaya University, Ethiopia. PLoS One. 2013;8(11):e79642.
  • Khan N, Ahmed SM, Khalid MM, Siddiqui SH, Merchant AA. Effect of gender and age on the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding hepatitis B and C and vaccination status of hepatitis B among medical students of Karachi, Pakistan. J Pak Med Assoc. 2010;60(6):450-5.
  • Atlam SA, Elsabagh HM, Shehab NS. Knowledge, attitude and practice of Tanta University medical students towards hepatitis B and C. Int J Res Med Sci. 2016;4(3):749-56.
  • Abdela A, Woldu B, Haile K, Mathewos B, Deressa T. Assessment of knowledge, attitudes and practices toward prevention of hepatitis B virus infection among students of medicine and health sciences in Northwest Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes. 2016;9(1):1-7.
  • Noubiap JJ, Nansseu JR, Kengne KK, Tchokfe Ndoula S, Agyingi LA. Occupational exposure to blood, hepatitis B vaccine knowledge and uptake among medical students in Cameroon. BMC Med Educ. 2013;13:148.
  • Al-Hazmi A. Knowledge, attitudes, and practice of medical students regarding occupational risks of hepatitis B virus in college of medicine, Aljouf university. Ann Med Health Sci Res. 2015;5(1):13-9.
  • Al Wutayd O, AlRehaili A, AlSafrani K, Abalkhail A, AlEidi SM. Current Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice of Medical Students Regarding the Risk of Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Control Measures at Qassim University. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019;7(3):435-9.
  • Okeke EN, Ladep NG, Agaba EI, Malu AO. Hepatitis B vaccination status and needlestick injuries among medical students in a Nigerian University. Niger J Med. 2008;17(3):330-2.

Sağlık bölümü öğrencilerinde hepatit B, hepatit C, insan bağışıklık yetmezliği virüsü ile ilgili bilgi, tutum, uygulama, seroprevalans ve aşılanma durumu

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 2, 113 - 122, 23.05.2023
https://doi.org/10.21673/anadoluklin.1219187

Öz

Amaç: Eğitimleri süresince hastalara hizmet veren tüm bölümlerin öğrencileri parenteral yolla bulaşan mikroorganizmalar açısından risk grubundadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, sağlık hizmeti öğrencilerinin viral hepatitler ve insan immün yetmezlik virüsü (HIV) enfeksiyonu hakkındaki bilgi düzeylerini ve serolojik durumlarını değerlendirmektir.

Yöntemler: Ocak 2015-Aralık 2020 tarihleri arasında mediko-sosyal polikliniğine başvuran 262 öğrenciye 29 sorudan oluşan sosyodemografik anket uygulandı. Ek olarak, hepatit B yüzey antijeni (HbsAg), hepatit B yüzey antikoru (Anti HbS), hepatit B çekirdek antikoru (Anti HBc total), hepatit C virus antikoru (Anti HCV), insan immün yetmezlik virus antikoru (Anti-HIV) serum seviyeleri araştırıldı. Elde edilen bilgiler sosyal bilimler için istatistik paketi sürüm 20 programında tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve ki-kare testi ile değerlendirildi. Sonuçlar frekans ve yüzde olarak verildi.

Bulgular: Çalışma grubunun (230 kadın ve 32 erkek) yaş ortalaması 21.29 ± 2.2 idi. Ankete göre öğrencilerin %43,9’u hepatit B aşısı olduğunu belirtirken, aşı olmadığını belirtenlerin oranı %56,1 idi. Aşı sonrası antikor kontrolü yapan öğrenci oranı ise %14,1 idi. Öğrencilerin %74’ü hepatit risk faktörleri ile ilgili ders aldıklarını belirtirken, öğrencilerin %26’ sı hiç ders almamıştı. Laboratuvar sonuçlarına göre, Anti HBs pozitifliği 235 öğrencide (%89,7) bulundu. Beş öğrencide (%1,9) Anti HBc total pozitifliği saptandı. İki öğrencide (%0,8) HBsAg pozitifliği saptandı. Tüm öğrencilerimizde Anti HCV ve Anti-HIV negatifti.

Sonuç: Sonuçlarımız sağlık hizmeti öğrencileri arasında Anti HBs seropozitifliğinin yüksek prevalansına işaret etmektedir. Bu sonuç, Türkiye’deki başarılı aşılama programımızla açıklanabilir. Koruyucu hekimlik bakış açısıyla bu okullarda okuyan öğrencilerin bağışıklık kazanmaları için eğitilmeleri, taranmaları ve yönlendirilmeleri sağlanmalıdır.

Kaynakça

  • Jayakiruthiga S, Rajkamal R, Gopalakrishnan S, Umadevi R. Knowledge, attitude and practices concerning hepatitis B infection, among medical students in urban area of Chennai, Tamil Nadu. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2018;5(3):635-8.
  • Khan SA, Liew ML, Omar H. Role of ethical beliefs and attitudes of dental students in providing care for HIV/AIDS patients. Saudi Dent J. 2017;29(1):7-14.
  • Afihene MY, Duduyemi BM, Hannah-Lisa A, Khatib M. Knowledge, attitude and practices concerning hepatitis B infection, among healthcare workers in Bantama, Ghana: A cross sectional study. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2017;2(3):244-53.
  • Shrestha DB, Khadka M, Khadka M, Subedi P, Pokharel S, Thapa BB. Hepatitis B vaccination status and knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding Hepatitis B among preclinical medical students of a medical college in Nepal. PLoS One. 2020;15(11):e0242658.
  • Bouya S, Balouchi A, Rafiemanesh H, at al. Global prevalence and device related causes of needle stick injuries among health care workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Glob Health. 2020;86(1):35.
  • Chhabra D, Mishra S, Gawande K, Sharma A, Kishore S, Bhadoria AS. Knowledge, attitude, and practice study on hepatitis B among medical and nursing undergraduate students of an apex healthcare institute at Uttarakhand foothills: A descriptive analysis. J Family Med Prim Care. 2019;8(7):2354-60.
  • HyLown Consulting LLC, Atlanta, GA. . Available from: http://powerandsamplesize.com/Calculators/Test-1-Proportion/1-Sample-Equality [Date of access:22.12.2022].
  • Chow SC, Shao J, Wang H, Lokhnygina Y. Sample Size Calculations in Clinical Research (3rd ed.). Chapman and Hall/CRC (2017).
  • Schillie S, Vellozzi C, Reingold A, at al. Prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in the United States: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on immunization practices. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2018;67(1):1-31.
  • Ozisik L, Tanriover MD, Altınel S, Unal S. Vaccinating healthcare workers: level of implementation, barriers and proposal for evidence-based policies in Turkey. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2017;13(5):1198-206.
  • Babanejad M, Izadi N, Alavian SM. A systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence of HBsAg in health care workers from Eastern Mediterranean and Middle Eastern countries. Int J Prev Med. 2019;144(10):1-10.
  • Elsheikh TAE, Balla SA, Bashir AA, Abdalla AA, Elgasim MAEA, Swareldahab Z. Conditional probabilities of HBV markers among health care workers in public hospitals in White Nile State, Sudan; 2013. Glob J Health Sci . 2017;9(5):10-7.
  • Djeriri K, Laurichesse H, Merle JL, at al. Hepatitis B in Moroccan health care workers. Occup Med (Lond). 2008;58(6):419-24.
  • Binesh F, Mehrparvar AH, Atefi A. Seroprevalence of HBV and immunity status of health care workers in a referral community hospital in central Iran. World Appl. Sci. J.. 2015;33(2):263-6.
  • Tozun N, Ozdogan O, Cakaloglu Y, at al. Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C virus infections and risk factors in Turkey: a fieldwork TURHEP study. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2015;21(11):1020-6.
  • Kahraman HG, Ozbek OA, Emek M, Atasoylu G, Sekreter O, Unal B. Hepatitis B seroprevalence and the relationship between being hepatitis B vaccinated and infected with social determinants of health: Manisa, 2014. Hepat Mon. 2018;18(7):e65395.
  • Boşnak VK, Karaoğlan İ, Namıduru M, Şahin A. Seroprevalences of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV of the healthcare workers in the Gaziantep university Sahinbey research and training hospital. Viral Hepat J. 2013;19(1):11-4.
  • Spradling PR, Williams RE, Xing J, Soyemi K, Towers J. Serologic testing for protection against hepatitis B virus infection among students at a health sciences university in the United States. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2012 ;33(7):732-6.
  • Slusarczyk J, Małkowski P, Bobilewicz D, Juszczyk G. Cross-sectional, anonymous screening for asymptomatic HCV infection, immunity to HBV, and occult HBV infection among health care workers in Warsaw, Poland. Przegl Epidemiol. 2012;66(3):445-51.
  • Cárdenas-Perea ME, Gómez-Conde E, Santos-López G, at al. Hepatitis B surface antibodies in medical students from a public university in Puebla, Mexico. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2016;12(7):1857-62.
  • Alqahtani JM, Abu-Eshy SA, Mahfouz AA, El-Mekki AA, Asaad AM. Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C virus infections among health students and health care workers in the Najran region, southwestern Saudi Arabia: the need for national guidelines for health students. BMC Public Health. 2014;14(1):1-7.
  • Dumaidi K, Al-Jawabreh A. Persistence of Anti-HBs Among Palestinian Medical Students After 18-22 Years of Vaccination: A Cross-Sectional Study. Hepat Mon. 2015;15(11):e29325.
  • Mesfin YM, Kibret KT. Assessment of knowledge and practice towards hepatitis B among medical and health science students in Haramaya University, Ethiopia. PLoS One. 2013;8(11):e79642.
  • Khan N, Ahmed SM, Khalid MM, Siddiqui SH, Merchant AA. Effect of gender and age on the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding hepatitis B and C and vaccination status of hepatitis B among medical students of Karachi, Pakistan. J Pak Med Assoc. 2010;60(6):450-5.
  • Atlam SA, Elsabagh HM, Shehab NS. Knowledge, attitude and practice of Tanta University medical students towards hepatitis B and C. Int J Res Med Sci. 2016;4(3):749-56.
  • Abdela A, Woldu B, Haile K, Mathewos B, Deressa T. Assessment of knowledge, attitudes and practices toward prevention of hepatitis B virus infection among students of medicine and health sciences in Northwest Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes. 2016;9(1):1-7.
  • Noubiap JJ, Nansseu JR, Kengne KK, Tchokfe Ndoula S, Agyingi LA. Occupational exposure to blood, hepatitis B vaccine knowledge and uptake among medical students in Cameroon. BMC Med Educ. 2013;13:148.
  • Al-Hazmi A. Knowledge, attitudes, and practice of medical students regarding occupational risks of hepatitis B virus in college of medicine, Aljouf university. Ann Med Health Sci Res. 2015;5(1):13-9.
  • Al Wutayd O, AlRehaili A, AlSafrani K, Abalkhail A, AlEidi SM. Current Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice of Medical Students Regarding the Risk of Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Control Measures at Qassim University. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019;7(3):435-9.
  • Okeke EN, Ladep NG, Agaba EI, Malu AO. Hepatitis B vaccination status and needlestick injuries among medical students in a Nigerian University. Niger J Med. 2008;17(3):330-2.
Toplam 30 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm ORJİNAL MAKALE
Yazarlar

İrem Salduz 0000-0001-7730-1029

Aclan Özder 0000-0003-2254-1812

Yayımlanma Tarihi 23 Mayıs 2023
Kabul Tarihi 2 Şubat 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 28 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Salduz İ, Özder A. Knowledge, attitude, practices, seroprevalence and vaccination status concerning hepatitis B, hepatitis C, human immunodeficiency virus among health care students. Anadolu Klin. 2023;28(2):113-22.

13151 This Journal licensed under a CC BY-NC (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0) International License.