Hipertansiyonda uyum ve hastalık algısına eczacı katkısının değerlendirilmesi: Gözlemsel bir çalışma

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 3, 372 - 381, 28.09.2023

Emel Guruhan , Muhammed Yunus Bektay , Zekiye Kübra Yılmaz , Fikret İzzettin

https://doi.org/10.21673/anadoluklin.1343443

Öz

Amaç: Hipertansiyon (HT) yüksek kan basıncıyla karakterize, birçok komplikasyona neden olabilen kronik bir hastalıktır. Eczacılar sundukları farmasötik bakım hizmetiyle HT hastalarının yaşam kalitelerine ve tedavi başarılarına katkı sağlayabilirler. Çalışmamızın amacı eczacı tarafından sunulan farmasötik bakım hizmetinin HT hastalık algısına ve tedavi uyumlarına etkilerinin incelenmesidir.

Yöntemler: Çalışmamız Haziran-Aralık 2020 tarhileri arasında invaziv olmayan, prospektif, gözlemsel bir çalışma olarak, İstanbulda bulunan bir serbest eczaneye başvuran HT hastalarının katılımıyla yapılmıştır. Birinci görüşmede katılımcıların, demografik verileri, hastalık algıları ve uyum düzeyleri ölçülmüştür. Birinci görüşme sonunda katılımcılara eczacı tarafından yapılandırılmış yazılı ve sözlü hasta eğitimi verilmiştir. Eczacını sunduğu eğitimin etkileri 90 gün sonra yapılan ikinci görüşmede tekrar ölçülmüştür. Eczacının sunmuş olduğu hizmetlerin üç ay ara ile yapılan iki görüşme sonrasında etkilerini incelemek amacıyla Hastalık Algısı Ölçeği ve Morisky Green Levine tedavi uyum ölçeği kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen 75 hastanın 48’i (%64) kadın ve yaş ortalaması 59,68 ± 10,79’tur. Katılımcıların çoğunluğunun (55, %73,32) ortaokul ve altı eğitim düzeyine sahip olduğu ve 58 (%77,33)’inin çalışmadığı kaydedilmiştir. Hipertansiyonla geçirilen ortalama sürenin 11,48 ± 7,24 yıl olarak kaydedildiği örneklemimizde en sık reçetelenen antihipertansif ilaç grubunun diüretikler olduğu göze çarpmaktadır. Eczacı tarafından sunulan farmasötik bakım hizmeti sonrasında katılımcıların hastalık algısının tüm alt boyutlarında istatiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde farklılık görülmüştür (p<0,05). Katılımcıların uyum düzeyleri eczacı müdahalesi sonrasında %79,75’ten %90.75'e yükselmiştir (p<0,05).

Sonuç: HT hastalarında hastalık algısının ve uyumun artması tedavi başarısına ve yaşam kalitesine olumlu etkileri olduğu literatürde mevcuttur. Çalışmamızda eczacı tarafından sunulan farmasötik bakım hizmetinin etkileri gösterilmiştir. Sonuç olarak hastaların yaşam kalitesini arttırmak için klinik eczacının sunudğu hizmetlere ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Farmasötik bakım, hipertansiyon, klinik eczacılar, tedavi uyumu

Destekleyen Kurum

Bu makale ile ilgili herhangi bir finansal kaynaktan yararlanılmamıştır.

Proje Numarası

Yok

Teşekkür

Yazarlar Bezmialem Vakif Üniversitesine sunduğu olanaklardan ötürü teşekkür eder.

Evaluation of pharmacist contribution to adherence and illness perception in hypertension: An observational study

Öz

Aim: Hypertension (HT) is a chronic disease characterized by high blood pressure and can cause many complications. Pharmacists can contribute to the quality of life and treatment success of HT patients by providing pharmaceutical care service. The aim of our study is to examine the effects of pharmaceutical care services provided by pharmacists on HT illness perceptions and treatment adherence.

Methods: This study was a non-invasive, prospective, observational study with the participation of HT patients who applied to a community pharmacy in Istanbul between June and December 2020. In the first interview, demographic data, illness perceptions, and adherence levels of the participants were measured. At the end of the first interview, the participants were given structured written and oral patient education by the pharmacist, and the effects of the education provided by the pharmacist were measured again in the second interview 90 days later. The Illness Perception Questionnaire and the Morisky Green Levine Treatment Adherence Scale were used to examine the effects of the services provided by the pharmacist after two interviews conducted three months apart.

Results: Of the 75 patients included in our study, 48 (64%) were female, and the mean age was 59.68 ± 10.79 years. 55 participants (73.32%) had a secondary school education or less, and 58 (77.33%) were not working. In our sample, where the mean duration of HT was 11.48 ± 7.24 years, the most frequently prescribed antihypertensive drug group was diuretics. After the pharmaceutical care service provided by the pharmacist, a statistically significant difference was observed in all sub-dimensions of the participants’ illness perception (p<0.05). The adherence level of the participants increased from 79.75% to 90.75% after the pharmacist intervention, and this increase was statistically significant (p<0.05).

Conclusion: It is available in the literature that increased illness perception and adherence in HT patients have positive effects on treatment success and quality of life. In our study, pharmaceutical care service provided by the pharmacist increased the illnes perception and adherence levels. As a result, clinical pharmacists are needed to improve patient care.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Clinical pharmacist, hypertension, medication adherence, pharmaceutical care

Proje Numarası

Yok

Kaynakça

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