Hava Trafik Kontrolünde Yapay Zeka Kullanimi: Teorik Bir İnceleme

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 175 - 193, 29.12.2024

Bülent Yıldız , Çiğdem Çulha

Öz

Havacılık, dünya çapında ticari ve askeri operasyonlar için kritik öneme sahip, büyüyen bir sektördür. Bu büyüme, daha karmaşık ve yoğun hava trafik yönetimi gereksinimlerini de beraberinde getirmektedir. Hava trafik kontrolü, uçakların güvenli, verimli ve düzenli bir şekilde yönlendirilmesini sağlamak için havaalanları ve hava sahası içinde faaliyet gösteren kritik bir hizmettir. Ancak hava sahasındaki trafik yoğunluğu arttıkça, insan operatörlerin hata yapma olasılığı artmakta ve mevcut hava trafik yönetim sistemleri yetersiz kalabilmektedir. Bu noktada, hava trafik kontrolünde yapay zekâ teknolojilerinin uygulanması sektöre önemli bir yenilik sunmaktadır. Bu makale, yapay zekâ teknolojilerinin hava trafik kontrolünde nasıl kullanıldığını incelemektedir. Makine öğrenimi, derin öğrenme, insansız hava araçları (İHA) ve blok zinciri gibi teknolojilerin hava trafik kontrolünde sunduğu fırsatlar ele alınmakta ve bu teknolojilerin insan hatalarının azaltılması, verimliliğin artırılması ve karar alma süreçlerinin optimize edilmesindeki rolü tartışılmaktadır. Özellikle İHA'ların hava sahasına entegrasyonu ve bu sürecin yönetilmesinde yapay zekânın katkıları üzerinde durulmuştur. Ayrıca blockchain teknolojisinin veri güvenliği ve izlenebilirlik açısından faydaları değerlendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hava trafik kontrolü, yapay zeka, hava taşımacılığı

The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Air Traffic Control: A Theoretical Review

Öz

Aviation is a growing industry critical to commercial and military operations worldwide. This growth brings with it more complex and intensive air traffic management requirements. Air traffic control is a critical service operating within airports and airspace to ensure aircraft's safe, efficient and orderly routing. However, as the traffic density in the airspace increases, human operators are more likely to make mistakes and existing air traffic management systems may be inadequate. At this point, applying artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in air traffic control offers a significant innovation to the sector. This paper examines how AI technologies are used in air traffic control. The opportunities offered by technologies such as machine learning, deep learning, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and blockchain in air traffic control are discussed, and the role of these technologies in reducing human errors, increasing efficiency and optimizing decision-making processes is discussed. In particular, the integration of UAVs into the airspace and the contributions of AI in managing this process were emphasized. In addition, the benefits of blockchain technology in terms of data security and traceability are evaluated.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Air traffic control, artificial intelligence, air transportation

Kaynakça

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