Araştırma Makalesi

Human Nature and Gender Roles in Mark Twain’s The Diaries of Adam and Eve

Cilt: 12 Sayı: 3 30 Aralık 2024
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Human Nature and Gender Roles in Mark Twain’s The Diaries of Adam and Eve

Öz

Mark Twain (1835-1910) presents a critical and philosophical approach to human nature and gender roles through the fictional diaries of the first humans in The Diaries of Adam and Eve (1906). Reimagining the biblical account of creation and the fall in Genesis II and III and writing sequel stories, Twain examines the multidimensional interactions between Adam and Eve using humour and his witty style by revolting against traditional religious norms. By portraying Eve as curious and scientifically minded, Twain challenges the patriarchal view of women's intellectual inferiority and subverts the traditional depiction of Eve. Additionally, these stories provide various situations in which Adam and Eve, the earliest form of man and woman, evaluate each other and draw attention to the multiple ways in which the male and female genders think, feel and make meaning. From naming animals to enduring death, their experiences reflect broader human struggles with identity, morality, and existence. In addition, the author implies that the meaning of the creation of the first human couple, who are strangers to the world and in the process of continuous education, is the love they have achieved with difficulties. Through this subtle and humorous critique, Twain expands the conversation on human nature and gender roles, questioning deep-seated social and religious prejudices. This study seeks to explore Twain's approach in The Diaries of Adam and Eve, a work that serves as a sequel to conventional biblical narratives, where he combines his literary creativity with sharp social commentaries to engage with the long-standing debates on human nature and gender roles.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. Bush, H. K. (2002). ‘Moralist in disguise’: Mark Twain and American religion. In S. F. Fishkin (Ed.), A historical guide to Mark Twain (pp. 55-94). Oxford University Press.
  2. Bush, H. K. (2007). Mark Twain and the spiritual crisis of his age. The University of Alabama Press.
  3. Cantor, R. G. (2012). Hierarchical naming in Milton’s paradise lost and Twain’s Diaries of Adam and Eve. Names, 60(2), 65-73. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1179/0027-773811Z.0000000005
  4. Cook, J. A. (2019). The Bible and American literature. Obo in American Literature. Doi:10.1093/obo/9780199827251-0193.
  5. Ensor, A. (1969). Mark Twain and the Bible. University of Kentucky Press.
  6. Eutsey, D. (1999). Mark Twain's attitudes toward religion: Sympathy for the Devil or radical Christianity? Religion & Literature, 31(2), 45-64. http:// www.jstor.org/stable/40059768.
  7. Greenblatt, S. (2017). The Rise and Fall of Adam and Eve. W.W. Norton&Company.
  8. Leguin, U. (1996). Introduction. In The Diaries of Adam and Eve. Mark Twain (pp. 31-41). Oxford University Press.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Kuzey Amerika Dilleri, Edebiyatları ve Kültürleri, Dünya Dilleri, Edebiyatı ve Kültürü (Diğer)

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Erken Görünüm Tarihi

25 Aralık 2024

Yayımlanma Tarihi

30 Aralık 2024

Gönderilme Tarihi

30 Haziran 2024

Kabul Tarihi

19 Kasım 2024

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2024 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA
Kalecik, S. (2024). Human Nature and Gender Roles in Mark Twain’s The Diaries of Adam and Eve. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 12(3), 1006-1014. https://doi.org/10.18506/anemon.1507718
AMA
1.Kalecik S. Human Nature and Gender Roles in Mark Twain’s The Diaries of Adam and Eve. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2024;12(3):1006-1014. doi:10.18506/anemon.1507718
Chicago
Kalecik, Samet. 2024. “Human Nature and Gender Roles in Mark Twain’s The Diaries of Adam and Eve”. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 12 (3): 1006-14. https://doi.org/10.18506/anemon.1507718.
EndNote
Kalecik S (01 Aralık 2024) Human Nature and Gender Roles in Mark Twain’s The Diaries of Adam and Eve. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 12 3 1006–1014.
IEEE
[1]S. Kalecik, “Human Nature and Gender Roles in Mark Twain’s The Diaries of Adam and Eve”, Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, c. 12, sy 3, ss. 1006–1014, Ara. 2024, doi: 10.18506/anemon.1507718.
ISNAD
Kalecik, Samet. “Human Nature and Gender Roles in Mark Twain’s The Diaries of Adam and Eve”. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 12/3 (01 Aralık 2024): 1006-1014. https://doi.org/10.18506/anemon.1507718.
JAMA
1.Kalecik S. Human Nature and Gender Roles in Mark Twain’s The Diaries of Adam and Eve. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2024;12:1006–1014.
MLA
Kalecik, Samet. “Human Nature and Gender Roles in Mark Twain’s The Diaries of Adam and Eve”. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, c. 12, sy 3, Aralık 2024, ss. 1006-14, doi:10.18506/anemon.1507718.
Vancouver
1.Samet Kalecik. Human Nature and Gender Roles in Mark Twain’s The Diaries of Adam and Eve. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 01 Aralık 2024;12(3):1006-14. doi:10.18506/anemon.1507718

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