Effectiveness Of Acceptance And Commitment Therapy In Body Dysmorphic Disorder: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a serious mental health disorder that has recently increased in incidence and is co-diagnosed with problems such as suicide and depression. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) has recently been frequently mentioned in the treatment of BDD. In this systematic review, it is aimed to examine the effectiveness of ACT in the treatment of BDD and to present a general clinical picture according to the results of the studies conducted in the relevant field. All studies in English language until June 2024 were systematically searched in Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science databases using the PRISMA guideline, and a total of 7 articles that met the research criteria were included in the study. The reviewed studies were conducted in four different countries (USA, Iran, Sweden, Australia) with a total of 155 people (134 women; 21 men) with different sessions (3 sessions-3 years). In conclusion, ACT techniques were found to reduce the negative symptoms of BDD and increase life satisfaction. Additionally, ACTs were found to be effective in gaining psychological flexibility, less self-stigmatisation, coping with suicidal thoughts, reducing symptoms of depression and body dissatisfaction. A number of recommendations for future researchers and clinicians are also given.

Keywords

• Systematic Review
• Body Dysmorphic Disorder
• Acceptance and Commitment Therapy
• ACT
• BDD

Beden Dismorfik Bozukluğunda Kabul ve Kararlılık Terapisi Etkililiği: Sistematik Bir İnceleme

Öz

Beden dismorfik bozukluğu (BDD), son zamanlarda görülme sıklığı artan intihar ve depresyon gibi problemlerle eş tanılı ciddi bir akıl sağlığı bozukluğudur. Kabul ve kararlılık terapisi (ACT) alan çalışmaları incelendiğinde BDD tedavisinde kendisinden son zamanlarda sıklıkla söz ettirmektedir. Bu sistematik derlemede, BDD tedavisinde ACT etkililiğinin incelenmesi ve ilgili alanda yapılan çalışmaların sonuçlarına göre genel bir klinik tablo sunulması amaçlanmaktadır. İngilizce dilindeki ve Haziran 2024'e kadar olan tüm çalışmalar PRISMA kılavuzu kullanılarak Pubmed, Scopus ve Web of Science veritabanlarında sistematik olarak tarandı ve araştırma kriterlerine uyan toplamda 7 makale çalışmaya alınmıştır. İncelenen çalışmalar dört farklı ülkede (ABD, İran, İsveç, Avustralya) toplam 155 kişi (134 kadın; 21 erkek) ile farklı seanslarla (3 seans-3 yıl) gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak ACT teknikliklerinin BDD’nin olumsuz belirtilerini azalttığı ve yaşam doyumunu arttırdığı bulunmuştur. Buna ek olarak ACT'lerin psikolojik esneklik kazanılmasında, daha az kendini damgalamada, intihar düşünceleriyle baş etmede, depresyon belirtilerinin ve vücut memnuniyetsizliğinin azaltılasında etkili olduğu bulunmuştur. Gelecekteki araştırmacı ve klinisyenlere bir takım öneriler de verilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Beden Dismorfik Bozukluğu
• Kabul ve Kararlılık Terapisi
• ACT
• BDD
• Sistematik Derleme

Kaynakça

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