Türk Eğitim Sisteminde Sekülerleşme

Öz

Postmodern dünyada bilimsel, teknolojik ve kültürel gelişmeler dinin etkisini önemli ölçüde değiştirmiş ve insanların günlük yaşamlarında köklü değişikliklere yol açmıştır. Kuşkusuz bu etki ve ortaya çıkan dönüşüm başta eğitim sistemi olmak üzere her alanda kendini göstermektedir. Farklı dönemlerde farklı uygulamalarla yönetilen Türk eğitim sistemi, tarihi süreç içerisinde dini değerlere nasıl bir bakış açısı geliştirmiştir? Dahası, toplumun genelini etkileyen gelişmeler, eğitim perspektifinden insanların dini kurumlara yaklaşımını nasıl şekillendirmiştir? Modern toplumlarda dinin etkisinin azalması olarak tanımlanan sekülerleşme sürecinden etkilendiği düşünülen Türk eğitim sistemi, literatür taraması, doküman analizi ve eğitim politikalarının incelenmesi gibi araştırma teknikleriyle dört farklı döneme odaklanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma, Türk eğitim sisteminde olduğu gibi tarihsel olarak dinin ve kültürel bileşenlerinin etkisinde olan süreçten, modernleşme ve sekülerleşmenin etkilerinin hissedildiği günümüz Türkiye'sine doğru olan hareketin izini sürmeye odaklanmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda makale, dini değerler ile Türk Eğitim Sistemi arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemeyi ve bu ilişkinin önemli tarihsel, sosyal, kültürel ve siyasi değişimlere yanıt olarak zaman içinde nasıl evrildiğini analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bununla bağlantılı olarak, özellikle sekülerleşme sürecine odaklanmak suretiyle, dini değerlerin tarihsel gelişimi boyunca Türk Eğitim Sistemi üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Her şey göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, bu makalenin önemi, zaman içinde tarihsel, kültürel, sosyal ve siyasi güçler tarafından şekillendirilen dini değerler ile Türk Eğitim Sistemi arasındaki gelişen ilişkiyi incelemesinde yatmaktadır. Makale özellikle, modern toplumlarda dinin azalan rolü ile karakterize edilen sekülerleşme sürecinin Türkiye'deki eğitim politikalarını ve uygulamalarını nasıl etkilediğine dair değerli bilgiler sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Din Sosyolojisi
• Sekülerleşme
• Dini Değerler
• Modernleşme
• Türk Eğitim Sistemi

Secularization in Turkish Education System

Abstract

In the postmodern world, scientific, technological and cultural developments have significantly changed the impact of religion and led to radical changes in people's daily lives. Undoubtedly, this impact and the resulting transformation manifests itself in every field, especially in the education system. How has the Turkish education system, which has been governed by different practices in different periods, developed a perspective on religious values in the historical process? Moreover, how have the developments affecting the society in general shaped people's approach to religious institutions from an educational perspective? The Turkish education system, which is thought to be affected by the secularization process, defined as the decline in the influence of religion in modern societies, was analyzed by focusing on four different periods through research techniques such as literature review, document analysis and examination of educational policies. The research focuses on tracing the movement from the Turkish education system, which was historically influenced by religion and its cultural components, to today's Turkey, where the effects of modernization and secularization are felt. Accordingly, the article aims to examine the relationship between religious values and the Turkish Education System and analyze how this relationship has evolved over time in response to significant historical, social, cultural and political changes. In connection with this, the impact of religious values on the Turkish Education System throughout its historical development is examined, with a particular focus on the secularization process. All things considered, the importance of this paper lies in its examination of the evolving relationship between religious values and the Turkish Education System, which has been shaped by historical, cultural, social and political forces over time. In particular, the article provides valuable insights into how the secularization process, characterized by the diminishing role of religion in modern societies, has influenced educational policies and practices in Turkey.

Keywords

• Sociology of Religion
• Secularization
• Religious Values
• Modernization
• Turkish Education System

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