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“Tails of the Hard Times” A Review Study of Depression

Yıl 2018, , 747 - 752, 13.04.2018
https://doi.org/10.18506/anemon.339229

Öz

Depression is one of the most commonly observed medical conditions
throughout the world. The number of studies examining depression has been rapidly
increasing in recent years. It has been observed that untreated depression may
lead to unexpected early mortality and can have a negative impact on a
patient’s general health conditions. On the other hand, with the proper
treatment, the life quality of the depressed patient can be enhanced. There are
different types and explanations for depression. This review aims to explain
and summarize the prevalence, diagnosis criteria, risk factors, etiology and
description of depression. The purpose of this review study is to explain
depression and its associated risk factors.   

Kaynakça

  • Abrams, R. (2002). Electroconvulsive Therapy. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Akif, C.M. (2015). MicroRNAs as a new hope for depression. Journal of Mood Disorder, 5(1), 23-30.
  • Allen, J. P., Porter, M. R. & McFarland, F. C. (2006). Leaders and followers in adolescent close friendships: susceptibility to peer influence as a predictor of risky behavior, friendship instability, and depression. Dev Psychopathol, 18,155-172.
  • Alper, Y. (2012). Bütün Yönleriyle Depresyon. İstanbul: Özgür Yayınları.
  • Alves, G., Baptisa, M., & Angeli Santos. (2014). Relation between depression, family support and stress at work in undergraduates. International Journal of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, 4(1), 9-15.
  • Am. Psychiatr. Assoc. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Washington, DC: Am. Psychiatr. Assoc. 5th ed.
  • Am. Psychiatr. Assoc. 2015. APA College Dictionary of Psychology. London:American Psychological Association.
  • Aydoğan, Ü., Doğaner, Y. Ç., Borazan, E., Kömürcü, Ş., Koçak, N., Öztürk, B., Özet, A., &
  • Sağlam, K. (2012). Kanser hastalarında depresyon ve anksiyete düzeyleri ve hastalıkla başa çıkma tutumlarının ilişlkisi. Türk Aile Hek Dergisi, 16(2), 55-60.
  • Cassano, P. & Fava, M. (2002). Depression and public health: an overview. J Psychosom Res 53, 849–857.
  • Depression Guideline Team. (2011). Depression. Faculty Group Practice, University of Michigan Health System. Regents of the University of Michigan.
  • Dilbaz, N. & Seber, G.(1993). Umutsuzluk kavramı: depresyon ve intiharda önemi. Kriz Dergisi, 1(3), 134-138.
  • Doğan, O. (2000). Depresyonun Epidemiyolojisi. Duygudurum Dizisi, 1: 29-38.
  • Doğan, O. (2010). As an example of a research among specific group in epidemiological studies in Turkey: important findings of epidemiological studies in Sivas. Bulletin of Turkish Psyhiatry Organization, 13(1), 12-22.
  • Eskin, M., Ertekin, K., Harlak, H. & Dereboy, Ç. (2008). Prevalence of and Factors Related to Depression in High School Students. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry, 19(4), 382-389.
  • Feldman, R.S. (2011). Essentials of Understanding Psychology. Boston: McGraw-Hill.
  • Fukunaga, R., Abe, Y., Nakagawa, Y., Koyama, A., Fujise, N., &Ikeda, M. (2012). Living alone is associated with depression among the elderly in a rural community in Japan. Psychogeriatrics, 12(3), 179–185.
  • Genia, V., & Shaw, D. G.(1991). Religion, intrinsic-extrinsic orientation and depression. Review of Religious Research, 32(3), 274-283.
  • Gündoğar, D., Gül, S. S., Uskun, E., Demirci S., & Keçeci, D. (2007). Üniversite öğrencilerinde yaşam doyumunu yordayan etkenlerin incelenmesi. Klinik Psikiyatri, 10, 14-27.
  • Hammen , C., Burge, D., Burney, E. & Adrian, C. (1990.) Longitudinal Study of Diagnoses in
  • Children of Women With Unipolar and Bipolar Affective Disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 47(12), 1112-1117.
  • Jang, S., Kawachi, I., Chang, J., Boo, K., Shin, H., Lee, H. & Cho, S. (2009). Marital status, gender, and depression: Analysis of the baseline survey of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Soc Sci Med, 69(11), 1608-1615.
  • Kapıkıran, A.N., Körükçü, Ö. & Kapıkıran, Ş. (2014). The relation of parental attitudes to life satisfaction and depression in early adolescents: the mediating role of self-esteem. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 14(4), 1246-1252.
  • Karamustafalıoğlu, O. & Yumrukçal, H.(2011). Depresyon ve anksiyete bozuklukları. Ş.E.E.A.H. Tıp Bülteni, 45(2), 65-74. Kaya, B. (1999). Yaşlılık ve depresyon - tanı ve değerlendirme. Turkish Journal of Geriatrics, 2(2), 76-82.
  • Kılınç, S., & Torun, F. (2011). Türkiye'de Klinikte Kullanılan Depresyon Değerlendirme Ölçekleri. Dirim Tıp Gazetesi, 86(1), 39-47.
  • Kim, M. D., Chul, S. & Lee, S. Y. (2007). Prevalence of depression and correlates of depressive symptoms for residents in urban part of Jeju Island. Int J Soc Psycht, 53(2), 123-134.
  • Lei, X.-Y., Xiao, L.-M., Liu, Y.-N., & Li, Y.-M. (2016). Prevalence of Depression among Chinese University Students: A Meta-Analysis. Plos One, 1-14.
  • Marcotte, E. D., Gök, V. & Redmon, P.(1999). Prevalence and patterns of major depressive disorder in the United States labor force. The Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics, 2, 123–131.
  • Marcus, M., Yasamsy, T. M., Ommeren, M. V., Chrisholm, D., & Saxena, S.(2012). Depression a global public health concern. WHO Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, 6-8.
  • Matthews, T., Danese, A., Wertz, J., Odgers, C.L., Ambler, A., Moffitt, T.E. & Arseneault, L. (2016). Social isolation, loneliness and depression in young adulthood: a behavioral genetic analysis. Soc Psych Psych Epid 51:339–348.
  • McIntosh, C. N., & Fischer, D. G. (2000). Beck's cognitive triad: One versus three factors. Canadian Journal of Behavioral Science, 32, 153-157.
  • Melgar, N., Rossi, M.(2010). A Cross‐Country Analysis of the Risk Factors for Depression at the Micro and Macro Levels. American Journal of Economics and Sociology 71(2): 354-376.
  • Mental Health Foundation. (2006). Dealing with depression. london: Developing patient partnerships. 1-12.
  • Mossie, A., Kindu, D. & Negash, A. (2016). Prevalence and Severity of Depression and Its Association with Substance Use in Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia. Depression Research and Treatment, 1-7.
  • Murray, C.J., Lopez, A.D. (1996). Evidence-based health policy lessons from the Global Burden of Disease Study. Science, 274(5288):-,740-743
  • National Academy on an Aging Society. (2000). Depression a treatable disease. Challenges for the 21st Century: Chronic and disabling conditions, 1–6.
  • National Institute of Mental Health. 2011. Depression. New York: NIH Publication 1-24.
  • Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2001). Gender differences in depression. American Psychological Society, 10(5), 173-176.
  • Ören, N., & Gençdoğan, B.(2007). Lise öğrencilerinin depresyon düzeylerinin bazı değişkenlere göre incelenmesi. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 15(1), 85-92.
  • Özdel, L., Bostancı, M., Özdel, O. & Oğuzhanoğlu, N. (2002). The relationship with sociodemographic characteristics and depressive symptoms in university students. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry, 3(3), 155-161.
  • Öztürk, M.O. & Uluşahin, A. (2015). Ruh Sağlığı ve Bozuklukları. Ankara: Nobel Tıp Kitabevi.
  • Özer, Ü., Yıldırım, E., & Erkoç, Ş. (2015). Major Depresyon Olgularında İntihar Düşünce ve Davranışının Bağlanma Biçimi ile İlişkisi. Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi, 283-288.
  • Petersen, C. A., Compas, B. E., Brooks-Gunn, J., Stemmler, M., Ey, S. & Grant, K. E. (1993). Depression in adolescence. American Psychological Association, 48(2), 155-168.
  • Reis, K.R., Haas, J.H., Santos, C.B., Teles, S.A., Galvão, M.T. &, Gir, E. (2011). Symptoms of depression and quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS. Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem 19(4): 874-81.
  • Richardson, A., Bergen, H., Martin, G., Roeger, L., & Allison, S.(2005). Perceived academic performance as an indicator of risk of attempted suicide in young adolescents.Archives of Suicide Research, 9(2), 163-176.
  • Risal, A., Manandhar, K., Linde, M., Steiner, T., & Holen, A. (2016). Anxiety and depression in
  • Nepal: prevalence, comorbidity and associations. BMC Psychiatry, 16(102), 1-9. Ross, C., Mirowsky, J. & Goldsteen, K.. (1990). The impact of the family on health: the decade in review. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 52, 1059-1078.
  • Russel, D. & Taylor, J. (2009). Living alone and depressive symptoms: the influence of gender, physical disability, and social support among Hispanic and non-Hispanic older adults. Journal of Gerontology,64(1), 95-104.
  • Sokratous, S., Merkouris, A., Middleton, N., & Karanikola, M. (2014). The prevalence and socio demographic correlates of depressive symptoms among Cypriot university students: a cross sectional descriptive co-relational study. BMC Psychiatry, 14(235).
  • Tanjanai, P. T., Moradinazar, M. & Najafi, F. (2016). Prevalence of depression and related social and physical factors amongst the Iranian elderly population in 2012. Geriatr Gerontol, 1-6. doi:10.1111/ggi.12680.
  • Toros, T., Akyüz, U., Bayansalduz, M., & Soyer, F.(2010). Görev ve ego yönelimli hedeflerin yaşam doyumu ile ilişkisinin incelenmesi. Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(2),1039-1050.
  • Torre, A. Y., Oliva, N., Echevarrieta, P. L., Pérez, B. G., Caporusso, G. B., Titaro, A. J., Todaro, K. A., Cuatz, M., Locatelli, M., Nelson, L.M., Mac, M., Baldessarini, R. J. & Daray, F. M. (2016). Major depressionin hospitalized Argentine general medical patients: Prevalence and risk factors. J Affect Disorders, 197, 36-42.
  • Vable, A. M., Canning, D., Glymour, M. M., Kawachi, I., Jimenez, M. P. & Subramanian, S. V. (2016). Can social policy influence socioeconomic disparities? Korean War GI Bill eligibility and markers of depression. Ann Epidemiol 26(2), 129-135.
  • Vinokur, A. D., Price, R. H. & Caplan, R. D. (1996). Hard times and hurtful partners: How financial strain affects depression and relationship satisfaction of unemployed persons and their spouses. J Pers Soc Psychol, 71(1), 166-179.
  • Wilson, M. C., & Oswald, A. J. (2005).How does marriage affect physical and psychological health? A survey of the longitudinal evidence. Institute for the Study of Labor.
  • World Health Organization 2008, The Global Burden of Disease 2004 update. http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/GBD_ report_2004update_full.pdf Accessed 25.10.2016 World Health Organization, World suicide prevention day. (2012). International Association for Suicide Prevention. https://www.iasp.info/wspd/pdf/2012_wspd_brochure.pdf. Last Accessed on 25.10.2016
  • Weissman, M.M. & Jensen, P. (2002). What research suggests for depressed women with children. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 63, 641–647. Yan, X.Y., Huang, S.M., Huang, C.Q., Wu, W.H. & Qın, Y. (2011). Marital Status and Risk for Late Life Depression: a Meta-analysis of the Published Literature. The Journal of International Medical Research 39: 1142-1154.
  • Yıldırım, A., Hacıhasanoğlu, R., & Karakurt, P. (2011). The relationship between postpartum depression and social support and affecting factors. International Journal of Human Sciences,8(1), 31-45.

“Zor Zamanların Kuyruğu” Depresyon Üzerine Bir Gözden Geçirme

Yıl 2018, , 747 - 752, 13.04.2018
https://doi.org/10.18506/anemon.339229

Öz

Depresyon,
tüm dünyada en sık görülen tıbbi durumlardan biridir. Depresyonu inceleyen
çalışmaların sayısı son yıllarda hızla artmaktadır. Tedavi edilmeyen
depresyonun beklenmedik erken ölümlere neden olabileceği ve hastanın genel
sağlık durumu üzerinde olumsuz bir etkisi olabileceği görülmektedir. Öte
yandan, uygun tedavi ile depresif hastanın yaşam kalitesi artırılabilmektedir.
Depresyonun farklı çeşitler ve açıklamaları mevcuttur. Bu derleme, depresyon
prevalansını, tanı kriterlerini, risk faktörlerini, etyolojisini ve tanımını
açıklamakta ve özetlemektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı depresyonu ve depresyon ile
ilişkili risk faktörlerini açıklamaktır.

Kaynakça

  • Abrams, R. (2002). Electroconvulsive Therapy. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Akif, C.M. (2015). MicroRNAs as a new hope for depression. Journal of Mood Disorder, 5(1), 23-30.
  • Allen, J. P., Porter, M. R. & McFarland, F. C. (2006). Leaders and followers in adolescent close friendships: susceptibility to peer influence as a predictor of risky behavior, friendship instability, and depression. Dev Psychopathol, 18,155-172.
  • Alper, Y. (2012). Bütün Yönleriyle Depresyon. İstanbul: Özgür Yayınları.
  • Alves, G., Baptisa, M., & Angeli Santos. (2014). Relation between depression, family support and stress at work in undergraduates. International Journal of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, 4(1), 9-15.
  • Am. Psychiatr. Assoc. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Washington, DC: Am. Psychiatr. Assoc. 5th ed.
  • Am. Psychiatr. Assoc. 2015. APA College Dictionary of Psychology. London:American Psychological Association.
  • Aydoğan, Ü., Doğaner, Y. Ç., Borazan, E., Kömürcü, Ş., Koçak, N., Öztürk, B., Özet, A., &
  • Sağlam, K. (2012). Kanser hastalarında depresyon ve anksiyete düzeyleri ve hastalıkla başa çıkma tutumlarının ilişlkisi. Türk Aile Hek Dergisi, 16(2), 55-60.
  • Cassano, P. & Fava, M. (2002). Depression and public health: an overview. J Psychosom Res 53, 849–857.
  • Depression Guideline Team. (2011). Depression. Faculty Group Practice, University of Michigan Health System. Regents of the University of Michigan.
  • Dilbaz, N. & Seber, G.(1993). Umutsuzluk kavramı: depresyon ve intiharda önemi. Kriz Dergisi, 1(3), 134-138.
  • Doğan, O. (2000). Depresyonun Epidemiyolojisi. Duygudurum Dizisi, 1: 29-38.
  • Doğan, O. (2010). As an example of a research among specific group in epidemiological studies in Turkey: important findings of epidemiological studies in Sivas. Bulletin of Turkish Psyhiatry Organization, 13(1), 12-22.
  • Eskin, M., Ertekin, K., Harlak, H. & Dereboy, Ç. (2008). Prevalence of and Factors Related to Depression in High School Students. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry, 19(4), 382-389.
  • Feldman, R.S. (2011). Essentials of Understanding Psychology. Boston: McGraw-Hill.
  • Fukunaga, R., Abe, Y., Nakagawa, Y., Koyama, A., Fujise, N., &Ikeda, M. (2012). Living alone is associated with depression among the elderly in a rural community in Japan. Psychogeriatrics, 12(3), 179–185.
  • Genia, V., & Shaw, D. G.(1991). Religion, intrinsic-extrinsic orientation and depression. Review of Religious Research, 32(3), 274-283.
  • Gündoğar, D., Gül, S. S., Uskun, E., Demirci S., & Keçeci, D. (2007). Üniversite öğrencilerinde yaşam doyumunu yordayan etkenlerin incelenmesi. Klinik Psikiyatri, 10, 14-27.
  • Hammen , C., Burge, D., Burney, E. & Adrian, C. (1990.) Longitudinal Study of Diagnoses in
  • Children of Women With Unipolar and Bipolar Affective Disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 47(12), 1112-1117.
  • Jang, S., Kawachi, I., Chang, J., Boo, K., Shin, H., Lee, H. & Cho, S. (2009). Marital status, gender, and depression: Analysis of the baseline survey of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Soc Sci Med, 69(11), 1608-1615.
  • Kapıkıran, A.N., Körükçü, Ö. & Kapıkıran, Ş. (2014). The relation of parental attitudes to life satisfaction and depression in early adolescents: the mediating role of self-esteem. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 14(4), 1246-1252.
  • Karamustafalıoğlu, O. & Yumrukçal, H.(2011). Depresyon ve anksiyete bozuklukları. Ş.E.E.A.H. Tıp Bülteni, 45(2), 65-74. Kaya, B. (1999). Yaşlılık ve depresyon - tanı ve değerlendirme. Turkish Journal of Geriatrics, 2(2), 76-82.
  • Kılınç, S., & Torun, F. (2011). Türkiye'de Klinikte Kullanılan Depresyon Değerlendirme Ölçekleri. Dirim Tıp Gazetesi, 86(1), 39-47.
  • Kim, M. D., Chul, S. & Lee, S. Y. (2007). Prevalence of depression and correlates of depressive symptoms for residents in urban part of Jeju Island. Int J Soc Psycht, 53(2), 123-134.
  • Lei, X.-Y., Xiao, L.-M., Liu, Y.-N., & Li, Y.-M. (2016). Prevalence of Depression among Chinese University Students: A Meta-Analysis. Plos One, 1-14.
  • Marcotte, E. D., Gök, V. & Redmon, P.(1999). Prevalence and patterns of major depressive disorder in the United States labor force. The Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics, 2, 123–131.
  • Marcus, M., Yasamsy, T. M., Ommeren, M. V., Chrisholm, D., & Saxena, S.(2012). Depression a global public health concern. WHO Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, 6-8.
  • Matthews, T., Danese, A., Wertz, J., Odgers, C.L., Ambler, A., Moffitt, T.E. & Arseneault, L. (2016). Social isolation, loneliness and depression in young adulthood: a behavioral genetic analysis. Soc Psych Psych Epid 51:339–348.
  • McIntosh, C. N., & Fischer, D. G. (2000). Beck's cognitive triad: One versus three factors. Canadian Journal of Behavioral Science, 32, 153-157.
  • Melgar, N., Rossi, M.(2010). A Cross‐Country Analysis of the Risk Factors for Depression at the Micro and Macro Levels. American Journal of Economics and Sociology 71(2): 354-376.
  • Mental Health Foundation. (2006). Dealing with depression. london: Developing patient partnerships. 1-12.
  • Mossie, A., Kindu, D. & Negash, A. (2016). Prevalence and Severity of Depression and Its Association with Substance Use in Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia. Depression Research and Treatment, 1-7.
  • Murray, C.J., Lopez, A.D. (1996). Evidence-based health policy lessons from the Global Burden of Disease Study. Science, 274(5288):-,740-743
  • National Academy on an Aging Society. (2000). Depression a treatable disease. Challenges for the 21st Century: Chronic and disabling conditions, 1–6.
  • National Institute of Mental Health. 2011. Depression. New York: NIH Publication 1-24.
  • Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2001). Gender differences in depression. American Psychological Society, 10(5), 173-176.
  • Ören, N., & Gençdoğan, B.(2007). Lise öğrencilerinin depresyon düzeylerinin bazı değişkenlere göre incelenmesi. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 15(1), 85-92.
  • Özdel, L., Bostancı, M., Özdel, O. & Oğuzhanoğlu, N. (2002). The relationship with sociodemographic characteristics and depressive symptoms in university students. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry, 3(3), 155-161.
  • Öztürk, M.O. & Uluşahin, A. (2015). Ruh Sağlığı ve Bozuklukları. Ankara: Nobel Tıp Kitabevi.
  • Özer, Ü., Yıldırım, E., & Erkoç, Ş. (2015). Major Depresyon Olgularında İntihar Düşünce ve Davranışının Bağlanma Biçimi ile İlişkisi. Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi, 283-288.
  • Petersen, C. A., Compas, B. E., Brooks-Gunn, J., Stemmler, M., Ey, S. & Grant, K. E. (1993). Depression in adolescence. American Psychological Association, 48(2), 155-168.
  • Reis, K.R., Haas, J.H., Santos, C.B., Teles, S.A., Galvão, M.T. &, Gir, E. (2011). Symptoms of depression and quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS. Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem 19(4): 874-81.
  • Richardson, A., Bergen, H., Martin, G., Roeger, L., & Allison, S.(2005). Perceived academic performance as an indicator of risk of attempted suicide in young adolescents.Archives of Suicide Research, 9(2), 163-176.
  • Risal, A., Manandhar, K., Linde, M., Steiner, T., & Holen, A. (2016). Anxiety and depression in
  • Nepal: prevalence, comorbidity and associations. BMC Psychiatry, 16(102), 1-9. Ross, C., Mirowsky, J. & Goldsteen, K.. (1990). The impact of the family on health: the decade in review. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 52, 1059-1078.
  • Russel, D. & Taylor, J. (2009). Living alone and depressive symptoms: the influence of gender, physical disability, and social support among Hispanic and non-Hispanic older adults. Journal of Gerontology,64(1), 95-104.
  • Sokratous, S., Merkouris, A., Middleton, N., & Karanikola, M. (2014). The prevalence and socio demographic correlates of depressive symptoms among Cypriot university students: a cross sectional descriptive co-relational study. BMC Psychiatry, 14(235).
  • Tanjanai, P. T., Moradinazar, M. & Najafi, F. (2016). Prevalence of depression and related social and physical factors amongst the Iranian elderly population in 2012. Geriatr Gerontol, 1-6. doi:10.1111/ggi.12680.
  • Toros, T., Akyüz, U., Bayansalduz, M., & Soyer, F.(2010). Görev ve ego yönelimli hedeflerin yaşam doyumu ile ilişkisinin incelenmesi. Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(2),1039-1050.
  • Torre, A. Y., Oliva, N., Echevarrieta, P. L., Pérez, B. G., Caporusso, G. B., Titaro, A. J., Todaro, K. A., Cuatz, M., Locatelli, M., Nelson, L.M., Mac, M., Baldessarini, R. J. & Daray, F. M. (2016). Major depressionin hospitalized Argentine general medical patients: Prevalence and risk factors. J Affect Disorders, 197, 36-42.
  • Vable, A. M., Canning, D., Glymour, M. M., Kawachi, I., Jimenez, M. P. & Subramanian, S. V. (2016). Can social policy influence socioeconomic disparities? Korean War GI Bill eligibility and markers of depression. Ann Epidemiol 26(2), 129-135.
  • Vinokur, A. D., Price, R. H. & Caplan, R. D. (1996). Hard times and hurtful partners: How financial strain affects depression and relationship satisfaction of unemployed persons and their spouses. J Pers Soc Psychol, 71(1), 166-179.
  • Wilson, M. C., & Oswald, A. J. (2005).How does marriage affect physical and psychological health? A survey of the longitudinal evidence. Institute for the Study of Labor.
  • World Health Organization 2008, The Global Burden of Disease 2004 update. http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/GBD_ report_2004update_full.pdf Accessed 25.10.2016 World Health Organization, World suicide prevention day. (2012). International Association for Suicide Prevention. https://www.iasp.info/wspd/pdf/2012_wspd_brochure.pdf. Last Accessed on 25.10.2016
  • Weissman, M.M. & Jensen, P. (2002). What research suggests for depressed women with children. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 63, 641–647. Yan, X.Y., Huang, S.M., Huang, C.Q., Wu, W.H. & Qın, Y. (2011). Marital Status and Risk for Late Life Depression: a Meta-analysis of the Published Literature. The Journal of International Medical Research 39: 1142-1154.
  • Yıldırım, A., Hacıhasanoğlu, R., & Karakurt, P. (2011). The relationship between postpartum depression and social support and affecting factors. International Journal of Human Sciences,8(1), 31-45.
Toplam 58 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Asra Babayiğit Bu kişi benim

Meryem Karaaziz

Yayımlanma Tarihi 13 Nisan 2018
Kabul Tarihi 16 Ekim 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018

Kaynak Göster

APA Babayiğit, A., & Karaaziz, M. (2018). “Tails of the Hard Times” A Review Study of Depression. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 6(5), 747-752. https://doi.org/10.18506/anemon.339229

Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı (CC BY NC) ile lisanslanmıştır.