Somatic Embryogenesis from Immature Cotyledons in Quince Cydonia vulgaris Pers.

Yıl 1999, Cilt: 05 Sayı: 02, 50 - 57, 01.05.1999

Ahmet Aygün Hatice Dumanoğlu

Öz

In this study, immature cotyledons of open-pollinated seeds from 'Limon' quince cuttivar Cydonia vulgaris Pers. cv 'Limon' were excised at 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 weeks after anthesis and cultured on Modified Murashige and Skoog MS medium containing macroelements and iron supplemented with 250 mg/I L-glutamine, 500 mg/I casein hydrolysate , 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 5.0 mg/I 6-benzyladenine BA and 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/I 2,4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 2,4-D or naphthalene-acetic acid NAA . The cotyledons were incubated for 4 weeks in darkness, prior to subculturing on hormone-free MS medium containing A macroelements and iron supplemented with 250 mg/I L-glutamine, 500 mg/I casein hydrolysate in darkness for three times. Percentage of embryonic cotyledon % and number of somatic embryos number per cotyledon were determined after each subculture. In this research, the highest percentage of embryonic cotyledons 53.3 - 80.0% and number of somatic embryo 1.07±0.07 - 2.51:0.79 were obtained with 0.0 mg/I BA + 2.0 mg/ NAA, 0.5 mg/I BA + 0.5 mg/I 2,4-D, 0.5 mg/I BA + 1.0 mg/I NAA, 1.0 mg/I BA + 2.0 mg/I 2,4-D or 1.0 mg/I BA + 1.0 mg/I NAA combinations in induction medium and with cotyledons cultured at 7 and 11 weeks after anthesis.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Quince, somatic embryogenesis, benzyladenine, naphthalene-acetic acid, 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, L-glutamine, casein hydrolysate

Ayvada Cydonia vulgaris Pers. Olgunlaşmamış Çenek Yapraklardan Somatik Embriyo Oluşumu

Öz

Bu çal ışmada, Limon ayvas ı n ı n Cydonia vulgaris Pers. cv Limon serbest tozlanma sonucu olu ş muş tohumları n ı n olgunlaş mam ış çenek yapraklar ı tam çiçeklenmeden 7, 8, 9, 10 ve 11 hafta sonra ç ı karı lm ış ve 250 mg/I Lglutamin, 500 mg/I kasein hidrolisat, 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 5.0 mg/I benziladenin BA , 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 ve 2.0 mg/I 2,4- diklorofenoksiasetik asit 2,4-D ya da naftalenasetik asit NAA ilave edilmi ş makro elment ve demir düzeyi 'A olan değ iştirilmiş Murashige ve Skoog MS ortam ı nda kültüre al ı nm ışt ı r. Çenek yapraklar 4 hafta süreyle karanl ı k koş ullarda inkübe edilmiş ve daha sonra hormon içermeyen 250 mg/I L-glutamin, 500 mg/I kasein hidrolisat ilave edilmi ş makro element ve demir düzeyi A olan de ğ i ştirilmiş MS ortamı nda karanl ı k koş ullarda 3 kez alt kültüre al ı nm ışt ı r. Her alt kültür sonras ı nda embriyonik çenek yaprak oran ı % ve somatik embriyo say ı s ı adet/çenek yaprak belirlenmi ştir. Ara şt ı rmada en yüksek embriyonik çenek yaprak oran ı %53.3 - 80.0 ve somatik embriyo say ı s ı 1.07±0.07 - 2.53±0.79 adet/ çenek yaprak , ba ş lang ı ç ortam ı nda 0.0 mg/I BA + 2.0 mg/ NAA, 0.5 mg/I BA + 0.5 mg/I 2,4-D, 0.5 mg/I BA + 1.0 mg/I NAA, 1.0 mg/I BA + 2.0 mg/I 2,4-D ya da 1.0 mg/I BA + 1.0 mg/I NAA kombinasyonlar ı kullan ı lm ış ve tam çiçeklenmeden 7 ve 11 hafta sonra kültüre al ı nm ış çenek yapraklardan elde edilmiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ayva, somatik embriyo olu şumu, benziladenin, naftalenasetik asit, 2, 4-diklorofenoksiasetik asit, L-glutamin, kasein hidrolisat

Kaynakça

• Bano, Z., Rajarathnam, S. and Mohanty B. D. 1991. Somatic embryogenesis in cotyledon cultures of tea (Thea sinensis L.). J. of Hort. Sci. 66 (4) 465-470.
• Carimi, F., Pasquale F. D. and Crescimanno F. G. 1995. Somatic embryogenesis in Citrus from styles culture. Plant Science, 105 81-86.
• Dodds, J. H. and Roberts L. W. 1993. Experiments in Plant Tissue Culture. Cambridge University Press, New York, USA, 231 s.
• Forero, C. Y. B. 1995. Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneretion in Musa cuitivars. Infomusa, 4 (1) 16.
• Garin, E. Grenier, E. and March, G. G. 1997. Somatic embryogenesis in wird cherry (Prunus avium). Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 48 83-91.
• Gingas, V. M. and Stokes, B. D. 1993. Rubus plant regeneration via asexal embryogenesis. HortScience, 28 (1) 58.
• James, D. J., Passsey, A. J. and Deeming, D. C. 1984. Adventitious embryogenesis and the in vitro culture of apple seed parts. J. Plant Physiol. 115 217-229.
• Litz, R. E., 1988. Somatic embryogenesis from cultured leaf explants of the trofical tree Euphoria longan Stend. J. Plant Physiol. 132 190-193.
• Mehra, P. N. and Jaidka, K. 1985. Experimental induction of embriyogenesis in pear. Phytomorhology, 35 (1, 2) 1-10.
• Neuman, M. C., Preece, J. E., Sambeek, J. W. V. and Gaffney, G. R. 1993. Somatic embryogenesis and callus production from cotyledon explants of Eastern black walnut. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 32 9-18
• Onay, A., Jeffre. C. E. and Yeoman, M. M. 1995. Somatic embryogenesis in cultured immature kernels of pistachio, Pistacia vere L. Plant Cell Reports, 15 192-195.
• Onay, A., Fı rat, M. Z. and Naml ı , O. 1997. An improved method for embling production in pistachio, Pistacia vere L. using. Turkish J. of Biology, 21 159-174.
• Paul, H., Belaizı , M. and Norreer, B. S. S. 1994. Somatic embryogenesis in apple. J. Plant Physiol, 143 78-86.
• Pijut, P. M. 1993. Somatic embryogenesis in butternut, Juglans cinerea. Can. J. For. Res. 23 835-838.
• Robacker, C. 1993, Scmatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from Muscadine grape leaf explants. HortScience, 28 (1) 53-55.
• Tulecke, W. and McGranahan, G. 1985. Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from cotyledons of walnut, Juglans regia L. Plant Science, 40 57-63.
• Williams, E. G. and Maheswaran, G. 1986. Somatic embryogenesis: Factors influencing coordinated behaviour of cells as an embryogenic group. Annals of Botany, 57 443- 462.