According to researches, abortion seems less common among women with strong beliefs. Our purpose on this study is to give information about abortion in Judaism, Christianity and Islam as much as we can.
Abortion is to throw the undeveloped and uncompleted embryo or fetus out of the womb by doctor and another one before its time. With another expression abortion is termination of unwanted pregnancy before its time. Abortion is an English word but origin of it is curtage in France and ichad ( أجهاد ) in Arabic.
Actually abortion is a medical /surgical practice. It has been practiced since early time as preventive measure of birth. There is phrase regarding to abortion in Hippocratic Oath which has been sworn since Socrates; so this is proof that abortion has been practiced since early time.
Abortion is practiced in Turkey as in all countries of the world. There are different reasons for abortion, such as number of children, gender discrimination, economical problem, woman’s work, changing of life style and deterioration of woman’s aesthetic etc.
The question of whether abortion is within the sphere of freedom of the woman, or that she completely takes over the rights of another entity has been debated. In the present day, abortion is accepted as maternal preference until a certain period of pregnancy through legal regulations in many countries, but after a certain period, the right to life of the fetus is considered.
However, abortion is destruction the life of another one. Therefore, abortion has been discussed religiously, legally and morally. The main point of these discussions is when the embryo or fetus is biologically alive.
Holly books of Judaism, Christianity and Islam don’t say anything directly about the problem of contraception and abortion; however, the decision regarding to abortion is given on the basis of the value attributed to the mankind. According to Judaism and Christianity, God created mankind in His own image. Therefore, man is very important and killing him/her is forbidden. One of the commandments that are the basis of Judaism and also accepted as “Noah Laws” that is not to kill.
There are a lot of expression about not to kill innocent and righteous human in holly books of Judaism, and Christianity and Islam. All of these expression have been associated with abortion in terms of killing.
At the same time, abortion is an obstacle for reproduction. Whereas the marriage and reproduction have been centered in Jewish scripture. Also a child was regarded as God’s gift because of the continuity of generation and sweetness and so the abortion was seen as the rejection of God’s gift in Christianity same as Judaism. It can be interpreted that abortion as a rejection of this gift that makes people happy.
Islam has been approaching to the abortion very carefully because of its human love. There are five things that are desired to be protected by attributing holiness in Islam. These include religion, right to live, mental health, generation protection and the security of property. Abortion is associated with the right to live and the protection of the generation - in normal pregnancies. Since abortion prevent not only granted the right to live but also the continuation of the generation. In the Qur'an, infanticide was counted together with the greatest sins such as polytheism; who kill children are characterized by words that are insulting people, such as brainless, foolish and out of the way.
In Judaism and Christianity the expression of the womb is called “Raham”, in the Qur'an it is called “Rahim”. The words “Raham” and “Rahim” mean compassion. This can be interpreted as the need to be compassionate to the fetus in the womb and not to approach abortion.
In Judaism, the embryo or fetus in the womb is seen as a living being and as a potential person; therefore, punishment should be received in cases such as harming him/her or causing his/her death.
In Christianity, since the child in the womb is considered as a normal person, but in case of causing his/her death, a sincere repentance is considered sufficient.
In Islam, abortion is prohibited under normal conditions. The person who deliberately damage the fetus in the uterus or caused its death must pay ransom/expiatory or fast.
Islam has given some rights to the fetus in the womb such as inheritance and wills. In this sense, as soon as the pregnancy is perceptible, the view that abortion is not permissible is justified.
Muslim theologians have different views about abortion in the period before the soul was blown; however all of them agree about abortion is forbidden after the soul was blown in normally conditions. On the other hand doctors accept about fetus is a living entity that carries the genetic characteristics of his/her parents and generation, from the fertilization in a common way. Therefore, the removal of the fetus at the first moment or the destruction of it in different ways means the end of the life of a living being.
In the all these religions that we focused on, abortion is permissible only in case of pregnancy that involving danger to maternal health.
The abortion of bastard fetus is discussed in Judaism, Christianity and Islam. The abortion of the disabled and injured fetus is not allowed.
Kürtaj istenmeyen bir hamileliğin vaktinden önce
bitirilmesidir. O, aslında tıbbi ya da cerrahi bir uygulamadır. Kürtaj çok eski
zamanlardan beri uygulanmaktadır. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü raporuna göre 2010 ve
2014 yılları arasında dünyadaki gebeliklerin hemen hemen %25’i kürtaj ile
bitirilmiştir. Buna göre her yıl 56 milyon kişi kürtaj yaptırmıştır. Kürtaj
yaptırmanın farklı sebepleri vardır. Yahudilik, Hristiyanlık ve İslam'ın
kutsal kitaplarında gebelikten korunma ve kürtajla ilgili açık bir ifade
bulunmamaktadır. Ancak bu üç dinde de çocuk çok önemlidir ve o, yaratıcıdan
sunulan bir hediyedir. Buna göre kürtaj Allah'ın hediyesini reddetmek demektir.
Bu sebeple kürtaj bu üç dine göre şiddet ve cinayettir. Her üç dine mensup
teologlar tarafından anne sağlığını tehlikeye düşüren bir durum olduğunda
kürtajın yapılabileceği belirtilmektedir. Anormal ve gayri meşru ceninin
kürtajı konusunda Yahudilik, Hristiyanlık ve İslam’da farklı bakış açıları
bulunmaktadır. Bazıları bu durumda kürtajın mümkün olduğunu söylerken bazıları
mümkün olmadığını söylemektedir.
Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
---|---|
Konular | Din Araştırmaları |
Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
Yazarlar | |
Yayımlanma Tarihi | 24 Haziran 2019 |
Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2019 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1 |