The main purpose of this study, which is named as wisdom in the Qur'an and philosophy, is to position the concept of “wisdom” as a framework concept in the Quran and Philosophy. Seeing wisdom as a roof concept requires looking at the Qur'an and philosophy through its meanings such as asking for wisdom, following it, seeking the knowledge of truth. This view will achieve its purpose by focusing on the common meanings of wisdom, not the different meanings that are frequently mentioned in the Qur'an and Philosophy. The common meaning we will reach will be able to offer us a truth-seeking paradigm. The peculiar part of the study is that the concept of wisdom is bilaterally handled in terms of Qur'an and Philosophy. Because wisdom is handled separately in the Qur'an and Philosophy. In order to reach the originality of the study mentioned above and to be aware of its purpose, a literature review was conducted first. The limitation of the study is to consider wisdom only in terms of Qur'an and Philosophy. In this context, the verses referred to wisdom in the Qur'an and their nuance differences are explained. The manifestations of wisdom in philosophy are explained in terms of the history of philosophy, according to the main philosophers. In this context, basic readings and research on wisdom have been carried out on related works.
In the study, topics such as wisdom, philosophy, what we should understand from the concept of wisdom, the importance of wisdom in Indian and Chinese civilizations in the historical process, its place in Islamic and Western philosophers were briefly mentioned. After this brief reference in the form of introduction in the Qur'an, it has been examined in which time, verses and in which meanings wisdom is used. Afterwards, what do we understand when wisdom is mentioned in Philosophy? What are the differences and similarities between philosophy and wisdom? Are there common points in terms of reaching the right information between the Qur'an and philosophy, seeking the truth, using reason, and giving importance to human thought, an attempt has been made here.
Consequently, the concept of wisdom is broad enough to focus on common goals between the Qur'an and Philosophy in the sense of loving knowledge, pursuing the knowledge of the truth that will glorify humanity and raise goodness in the universe. Wisdom is not to sanctify knowledge, but to understand and act upon it and to cure humanity's thirst for truth. In the study, of course, we should also state that some of the wisdom words in the Qur'an are outside the meaning of wisdom in Philosophy such as prophecy, the Qur'an itself, the secret of creation. In other words, all the meanings that the Qur'an attributes to wisdom do not coincide with all the meanings that philosophy attributes to wisdom. Already the Qur'an is the work of God, in this sense, the overlapping of the meanings in it with other works may damage its originality. However, wisdom, the meaning of using the mind in the Qur'an, exaltation of the knowledge owner, reading, holding a pen, asking to speak by talking about witness and evidence while talking about something, and the praise of the scholars often overlap with the view of philosophy. In other words, wisdom is a virtue that may be the tool concept of a rational truth seeking paradigm from the Qur'an to philosophy, from philosophy to the Qur'an. At the same time, the fact that knowledge is the basis of wisdom coincides with the fact that man is a curious creature. Human falls with the ability to think caused by his mind after knowledge and wisdom. The Qur'an invites people to read and use their minds and says to observe, research and apply completely. Philosophy has been trying to achieve a truth perspective and paradigm by questioning the knowledge of truth and everything in the universe, including the person itself, as thinking about thinking since the ages. Therefore, the concept of wisdom in the sense of loving information is a structure that can be a roof concept in the view of the Qur'an and philosophy to people, the universe and society. Islamic philosophers and scientists, Western philosophers and other thinkers have mentioned this encompassing aspect of the concept of wisdom. We tried to show these citations in the main text of our study with sample quotations. As a result, the concept of wisdom is capable of destroying a non-constructive, conflictual relationship between philosophy and religion, based on tired prejudices of the ages. The depth of the concept of wisdom shows us that a religion without philosophy in terms of reason, thought, research, and reading will drag people into bigotry and likewise, a philosophy that is not based on the spiritual and emotional side of man cannot contribute to society as an incomplete thinking.
Hikmet kavramına Kur’an ve felsefe penceresinden bakacak olan bu çalışma, doğru bilgiye ve hakikate ulaşmada hikmete çatı bir rol verme denemesidir. İnsan merak eden, sorgulayan, bir akıl ve duygu varlığıdır. Bu akıl varlığının evrende en çok zorlandığı şey, kararlarını verirken, bilmediğine ulaşmak isterken, doğru bilgiye nasıl ulaşacağı problemidir. Bu problem, bilgi felsefesinde uzun uzadıya tartışılmıştır. Doğru bilginin sadece akıl, deney, sezgi gibi unsurlarla ulaşılan bilgi olduğunu söyleyenler olduğu gibi, bu unsurların hepsinin bir şekilde etkin olduğu, eklektik veya kritik edilerek alındığı, doğru bilgiye ulaşma yöntemleri de ortaya atılmıştır. İşte tam bu noktada hikmet kavramı karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Hikmet bir çatı kavram olarak dindeki deruni bilgiyi ve felsefedeki sistemli, tutarlı, akıl ve mantık ağırlıklı bilgiyi kendi bünyesinde taşıyabilecek yapıdadır. Bazıları felsefeyi sadece katı bir pozitivizme hapsettikleri gibi bazıları da dini, katı bir sezgiciliğe, duyguculuğa mahkûm etmek istemişlerdir. Felsefe ve din arasında çağların yorgun önyargılarının neden olduğu, çatışmacı-karşıtlık ilişkisini, hikmet kavramının birleştirici, uzlaştırıcı ve bilgiyi davranışa aktarabilecek hakikat tasavvuru, tersine çevirip aşabilecek özelliktedir. Bu çalışmanın nihai amacı, felsefe-din ilişkisinde hikmeti, hakikati bulma noktasında ortak payda zemini yapabilmektir. Kur’an’daki ve felsefedeki hikmetin tezahürleri, insanın genel bir hakikat arama paradigması oluşturmasında birlikte iş görebilecek niteliktedir. Amaç insanın her yoldan doğruya ulaşması ya da her şeyde doğru olanı bulması ise o zaman felsefe gibi hikmet de doğru bilginin peşine bizi düşürecek bir kavramdır. Çalışmamız Kur’an’ı felsefeyle bir tutma, kıyaslama amacını kesinlikle taşımamakta sadece Kur’an’ın hikmete yüklediği bazı anlamların, felsefedeki hikmete yüklenen anlamla benzer yönlerini açıklamayı hedeflemektedir. Bu hedef doğrultusunda hikmet ve felsefenin ne olduğu açıklanmış, sonrasında Kur’an’da ve felsefede hikmet kavramı ayrı ayrı ele alınmış, nihayetinde neden özellikle İslam felsefesinde felsefe yerine hikmet kavramının tercih edildiği açıklanıp, Kur’an’daki ve felsefedeki hikmetin ortak noktalarına değinilerek, Doğu ve Batı filozoflarının hikmet hakkındaki görüşleri üzerinde durulmuştur.
Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
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Konular | Eğitim Üzerine Çalışmalar |
Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
Yazarlar | |
Yayımlanma Tarihi | 21 Haziran 2020 |
Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2020 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1 |