Kedi ve Köpek Pratiğinde Gözyaşının Tanısal Önemi: Biyobelirteç Olarak Yeni Ufuklar

Öz

Biyobelirteçlerin keşfi hem beşeri hem de veteriner tıbbında hastalıkların erken teşhisi ve önlenmesi için oldukça önemlidir. Gözyaşı, gözü dış etkenlerden koruyan ve yapısında belirli proteinler ve metabolitler bulunduran bir vücut sıvısıdır. Kandaki belirli bileşenleri yapısında bulundurur ve bu sebeple hem oküler hem de belirli sistemik hastalıklardan bazı belirteçler taşır. İnvaziv olmayan yollarla elde edilmesi sebebiyle, bir biyobelirteç olma potansiyelinde diğer vücut sıvılarından daha avantajlı bir konumdadır. Bu sebepten dolayı özellikle beşeri tıpta son yıllarda büyük ilgi toplamıştır ve özellikle Diabetes Mellitus, Alzheimer Hastalığı, Parkinson Hastalığı ve hatta Covid-19 alanlarında yeni çalışmalara imza atılmıştır. Fakat veteriner çalışmaları, beşeri tıbba göre oldukça sınırlıdır. Hem pratiklik hem de maliyet bakımından büyük bir potansiyel barındırmaktadır. Fakat sınırlı çalışmalar sebebiyle gözyaşının hem beşeri hem de veteriner tıbbında rutin tanı çalışmalarında kullanılmaya başlanabilmesi için daha fazla çalışmaya ve veriye ihtiyaç vardır. Bu derlemede günümüzde özellikle beşeri tıpta gözyaşının birer biyobelirteç olarak kullanımının, veteriner tıbbındaki konumu ve sistemik hastalıklardaki rolleri değerlendirilecek olup veteriner pratiğinde gözyaşına yeni bir bakış açısı kazandırılması hedeflenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Gözyaşı
• Biyobelirteç
• Diabetes Mellitus.

Diagnostic Importance of Tears in Dog and Cat Practice: New Horizons as a Biomarker

Öz

The discovery of biomarkers is very important for the early diagnosis and prevention of diseases in both human and veterinary medicine. Tears are a body fluid that protects the eye from external factors and contains certain proteins and metabolites in its structure. It contains certain components in the blood and therefore carries some markers of both ocular and certain systemic diseases. Since it is obtained by non-invasive means, it has a more advantageous position than other body fluids in terms of its potential as a biomarker. For this reason, it has attracted great interest in human medicine in recent years, and new studies have been carried out especially in the fields of Diabetes Mellitus, Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease and even Covid-19. However, veterinary studies are quite limited compared to human medicine. It has great potential in terms of both practicality and cost. However, due to limited studies, more studies and data are needed before tears can be used in routine diagnostic studies in both human and veterinary medicine. In this review, the current use of tears as biomarkers, especially in human medicine, their position in veterinary medicine and their role in systemic diseases will be evaluated, and it is aimed to provide a new perspective on tears in veterinary practice.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tears
• Biomarker
• Diabetes Mellitus.

Kaynakça

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