Farklı Zemin Renklerine Sahip Bıldırcın Yumurtası Kabuklarının Çatlak-Kırık Alanlarının Görüntülenmesi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 10 - 17, 31.12.2025

Mahmut Şamil Şamli , Sema Alaşahan , Cafer Tayyar Ateş

Öz

Yumurta kabuk bütünlüğü, gıda güvenilirliğini, embriyonik gelişimi ve bıldırcın üretiminin ekonomik sürdürülebilirliğini etkileyen kritik bir faktördür. Çatlak ve kırık gibi kabuk kusurları, önemli finansal kayıplara yol açmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, bıldırcın yumurtalarındaki kabuk kusurlarının kabuk zemin rengine (kahverengi-grimsi-beyaz) bağlı olarak görselleştirilmesi ve karakterize edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca, kusurlu yumurtaların ağırlığa dayalı kalite özelliklerinin karşılaştırılması hedeflenmiştir. Çalışma, yumurtlama döneminin altıncı haftasından itibaren toplam 63 gün süreyle yürütülmüştür. Kusurlu yumurtalar günlük olarak toplanmış ve görsel muayene ile kahverengi zeminli (n=40) ve grimsi-beyaz zeminli (n=30) olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Yumurta ağırlıkları ölçülmüş; bu ağırlık verileri kullanılarak kabuk ağırlığı, kabuk kalınlığı, kabuk oranı, yumurta yüzey alanı ve şekil indeksi gibi temel kalite özellikleri ilgili denklemler aracılığıyla hesaplanmıştır. Kusurlu bölgeler, fotoğrafları çekilerek kaydedilmiştir. İstatistiksel analiz (t-testi), iki renk grubu arasında hesaplanan ağırlığa dayalı kalite özellikleri bakımından anlamlı bir farklılık (P>0.05) olmadığını ortaya koymuştur. Bununla birlikte, kusur görülme sıklığının kahverengi zeminli yumurtalarda, grimsi-beyaz zeminli yumurtalara göre daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Görüntülerin makroskopik analizi, kusur bölgelerinde farklılıklar olduğunu göstermiştir; kahverengi zeminli yumurtaların sivri uç ve ekvator bölgelerinde büyük ve derin kırıklar yaygın olarak gözlenirken, grimsi-beyaz zeminli yumurtalarda ciddi kusurların çoğunlukla ekvator bölgesinde yer aldığı belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma, bıldırcın yumurtası kabuk kusurları üzerine sınırlı literatüre katkı sağlamayı amaçlayan bir ön çalışma niteliğindedir ve kabuk kırık-çatlak alanlarına ait görsellerin belirlenmesine ve paylaşılmasına olanak tanımaktadır. Bıldırcın yumurtası kabuk kusurlarını detaylandırmak amacıyla, bu çalışmanın bir üretim periyodunu kapsayacak şekilde genişletilmesi için yeni çalışmalar yürütülecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

bıldırcın yumurtası , yumurta kabuk kusuru , kabuk rengi , kabuk bütünlüğü

IMAGING OF CRACKED-BROKEN AREAS OF QUAIL EGGSHELLS WITH DIFFERENT GROUND COLORS

Öz

Eggshell integrity is a critical factor influencing food safety, embryonic development, and the economic viability of quail production. Shell defects, such as cracks and breakages, lead to significant financial losses. This study aimed to visualize and characterize shell defects in quail eggs relative to their shell background color (brown-grayish-white) and to compare the weight-based quality characteristics of these defective eggs. The study was conducted over 63 days, beginning from the sixth week of the laying period. Defective eggs were collected daily and visually classified as brown-ground (n=40) or grayish-white-ground (n=30). Egg weight was measured, and key quality traits—including shell weight, shell thickness, shell ratio, egg surface area, and shape index—were calculated using formulas based on egg weight. Defect locations were documented photographically. Statistical analysis (t-test) revealed no significant differences (P>0.05) in the calculated weight-based quality characteristics between the two color groups. However, the incidence of defects was higher in the brown-ground eggs than in the grayish-white-ground eggs. Morphological analysis of the images indicated differences in defect location; large and deep fractures were commonly observed in the pointed end and equatorial regions of brown-ground eggs, whereas in grayish-white-ground eggs, severe defects were most prevalent in the equatorial region. This is a preliminary study to contribute to the scarce literature on quail shell defects, allowing the determination and sharing of visuals of shell fracture-crack areas. Further studies will be carried out to extend this study to cover a production period to detail quail egg shell defects.

Anahtar Kelimeler

quail egg , eggshell defect , shell color , shell integrity

Kaynakça

• Ahmed, A., Rodríguez-Navarro, A. B., Vidal, M.-L., Gautron, J., García-Ruiz, J. M., & Nys, Y. (2005). Changes in eggshell mechanical properties, crystallographic texture and in matrix proteins induced by moult in hens. British Poultry Science, 46(3), 268-279. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071660500065425
• Ahmed, L. S. (2022). Impact of egg shell and spots colour on the quality of hatching eggs derived from three lines of local quail. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 53(6), 1256-1269. https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v53i6.1640
• Alasahan, S., Akpinar, G. C., Canogullari, S., & Baylan, M. (2016). The impact of eggshell colour and spot area in Japanese quails: I. eggshell temperature during incubation and hatching results. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 45(5), 219-229. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1806-92902016000500003
• Alaşahan, S., Akpınar, G. Ç., Canoğulları, S., & Baylan, M. (2015). Determination of some external and internal quality traits of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) eggs on the basis of eggshell colour and spot colour. Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 31(4), 235-241. https://doi.org/10.15312/EurasianJVetSci.2015413529
• Alaşahan, S., Hark, B. D., & Eltas, Ö. (2019). Prediction of the length and width of quail eggs using linear regression analysis. Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 35(3). https://doi.org/10.15312/EurasianJVetSci.2019.237
• Aygun, A. (2014). The relationship between eggshell colour and egg quality traits in table eggs. Indian Journal of Animal Research, 48(3), 290-294. https://doi.org/10.5958/j.0976-0555.48.3.061
• Ayman, E. (2011). Analyzing of quail eggs hatchability, quality, embryonic mortality and malposition in relation to their shell colors.
• Board, R., & Love, G. (1983). Magnesium distribution in avian eggshells with particular reference to those of wildfowl (Anatidae). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology, 75(1), 111-116. https://doi.org/10.1016/0300-9629(83)90053-1
• Cheng, X., & Ning, Z. (2023). Research progress on bird eggshell quality defects: a review. Poultry Science, 102(1), 102283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2022.102283
• Fathi, M., El-Dlebshany, A., El-Deen, M. B., Radwan, L., & Rayan, G. (2016). Effect of long-term selection for egg production on eggshell quality of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). Poultry Science, 95(11), 2570-2575. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pew233
• Gutiérrez, E., Ordaz, G., Pérez, R. E., Ortiz, R., & Juárez, A. (2021). Effect of the pigmentation, shine, weight, and shape index of the quail egg (Coturnix coturnix japonica) on the hatchability rate. Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research, 8(4), 629. https://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2021.h554
• Ismael, N. A., Abdelmonem, U. M., El-Kholy, M. S., El Nagar, A., Ahmed, A. F., Almalki, M., El-Tarabily, K. A., & Reda, F. M. (2024). The relationship between eggshell color, hatching traits, fertility, mortality, and some qualitative aspects of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) eggs. Poultry Science, 103(2), 103298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2023.103298
• Kemps, B., Govaerts, T., De Ketelaere, B., Mertens, K., Bamelis, F., Bain, M., Decuypere, E., & De Baerdemaeker, J. (2006). The influence of line and laying period on the relationship between different eggshell and membrane strength parameters. Poultry Science, 85(7), 1309-1317. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/85.7.1309
• Lan, L. T. T., Nhan, N. T. H., Hung, L. T., Diep, T. H., Xuan, N. H., Loc, H. T., & Ngu, N. T. (2021). Relationship between plumage color and eggshell patterns with egg production and egg quality traits of Japanese quails. Veterinary World, 14(4), 897. https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2021.897-902
• Liu, H.-C., & Cheng, W. (2010). Eggshell pigmentation: a review. Journal of the Chinese Society of Animal Science, 39(2), 75-89.
• Mazzuco, H., & Hester, P. (2005). The effect of an induced molt and a second cycle of lay on skeletal integrity of White Leghorns. Poultry Science, 84(5), 771-781. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/84.5.771
• Nowaczewski, S., Grzegrzółka, B., Gruszczyńska, J., Szablewski, T., Stuper-Szablewska, K., Cegielska-Radziejewska, R., Tomczyk, Ł., Biadała, A., Lewko, L., & Szulc, K. (2025). Physical and biochemical characteristics of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) eggs based on shell color. Animal Science Papers & Reports, 43(2). https://doi.org/10.2478/aspr-2025-0014
• Paganelli, C. V., Olszowka, A., & Ar, A. (1974). The avian egg: surface area, volume, and density. The condor, 76(3), 319-325. https://doi.org/10.2307/1366345
• Rahn, H., & Paganelli, C. V. (1989). Shell mass, thickness and density of avian eggs derived from the tables of Schönwetter. Journal für Ornithologie, 130(1), 59-68. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01647162
• Roberts, J. R. (2004). Factors affecting egg internal quality and egg shell quality in laying hens. The Journal of Poultry Science, 41(3), 161-177. https://doi.org/10.2141/jpsa.41.161
• Salem, N., & Haj-Saeed, B. (2020). Evaluation of the External and Internal Quality Characteristics of Quail Eggs Produced in Benghazi. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences(9), 750-758. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2020.906.096
• Sezer, M., & Tekelioglu, O. (2009). Quantification of Japanese quail eggshell colour by image analysis. Biological research, 42(1), 99-105. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0716-97602009000100010
• Sokołowicz, Z., Krawczyk, J., & Dykiel, M. (2018). The effect of the type of alternative housing system, genotype and age of laying hens on egg quality. Annals of Animal Science, 18(2), 541. https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2018-0004
• Solomon, S. (2010). The eggshell: strength, structure and function. British Poultry Science, 51(sup1), 52-59. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071668.2010.497296
• Tůmová, E., Zita, L., Hubený, M., Skřivan, M., & Ledvinka, Z. (2007). The effect of oviposition time and genotype on egg quality characteristics in egg type hens. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 52(1), 26-30. https://doi.org/10.17221/2326-CJAS
• Wengerska, K., Batkowska, J., & Drabik, K. (2023). The eggshell defect as a factor affecting the egg quality after storage. Poultry Science, 102(7), 102749. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2023.102749
• Yannakopoulos, A., & Tserveni‐Gousi, A. (1986). Quality characteristics of quail eggs. British Poultry Science, 27(2), 171-176. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071668608416870
• Zhao, R., Xu, G.-Y., Liu, Z.-Z., Li, J.-Y., & Yang, N. (2006). A study on eggshell pigmentation: biliverdin in blue-shelled chickens. Poultry Science, 85(3), 546-549. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/85.3.546