ŞEY VE İLİŞKİLERİ

Öz

Pragmatizmin kurucularından olan William James, bu makalede kendi felsefesi olarak nitelediği 'radikal ampirizm' ile ilgili bazı hususlardaki düşüncelerini sunmaktadır. Onun felsefesinde önemli bir yeri olan 'saf deneyim' kavramıyla ilgili ortaya çıkan bazı hususların açıklanması ve kendisine yapılan bazı eleştirilerin cevaplanması makalenin genel çerçevesini oluşturmaktadır. Bu çerçevede William James, deneyimi esas alarak şeyler arasındaki ilişkilerin şeyler kadar gerçek olduğunu ortaya koymaya çalışmaktadır. James, düşüncelerini mantıksal olarak ifadelendirirken okuyucuyu da sık sık fiziksel olanla düşünmemesi noktasında uyarmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• radikal ampirizm
• saf deneyim
• mutlakçılık
• ilişkisellik
• pragmatizm

THE THING AND ITS RELATIONS

Öz

In this article, William James, one of the founders of pragmatism, presents his thoughts on some issues related to ‘radical empiricism’, which he characterizes as his philosophy. The general framework of the article consists of explaining some matters related to the concept of ‘pure experience’, which has an important place in his philosophy, and answering some of the criticisms made against it. In this framework, William James tries to show that the relations between things are as real as the things, by taking experience as a basis.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• radical empiricism
• pure experience
• absolutism
• relationality
• pragmatism

Kaynakça

1. Bradley, F. H. Appearance and Reality. New York: Swan Sonnenschein, 2. Basım, 1897.
2. Hobhouse, Leonard Trelawny. Theory of Knowlodge. Londra: Methuen & Co, 1896.
3. Hodder, A. L. “Review of Appearance and Reality: A Metaphysical Essay”, Psychological Review 1/3 (1894), 307-311.
4. James, William. ”A World of Pure Experience”. The Journal of Philosophy, Psychology and Scientific Methods 1/20 (Eylül 1904), 533-543.
5. James, William. ”A World of Pure Experience II”. The Journal of Philosophy, Psychology and Scientific Methods 1/21 (Ekim 1904), 561-570.
6. James, William. “How Two Minds Can Know One Thing”, The Journal of Philosophy, Psychology and Scientific Methods 2/7 (Mart 1905), 176-181.
7. James, William. Principles of Psychology. 1. Cilt. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1890.
8. MacLennan, Simon F. “Two Illustrations of the Methodological Value of Psychology in Metaphysic”. The Journal of Philosophy, Psychology and Scientific Methods 1/15 (Temmuz, 1904), 403-411.

9. Pringle, Andrew Seth. Man’s Place in the Cosmos. New York: CharlesScribner’s Son, 1897.
10. Royce, Josiah. The World and the Individual. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1899.
11. Stout, G. F. “Alleged Self-Contradictions in the Concept of Relation: A Criticism of Mr. Bradley's ‘Appearance and Reality’". Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society (1901-1902), 1-24.
12. Taylor, A. E. Elements of Metaphysics. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1903.