ZEKAT YÖNETİMİNDE ŞERİAT UYGULAMASINDAKİ GELİŞME VE GERÇEK İLERLEME: ARDL YÖNTEMİ VE KORELASYON ANALİZİ İLE BİR VAKA ÇALIŞMASI OLARAK MALEZYA

Öz

Bu makale, hukuki ve fiili ilerlemeleri ile ilgili olan Malezya Zekat Yönetimini analiz etmektedir. Birçok İİT Müslüman ülkesinde gösterilen sayısız çabaya ve teknolojik atılımlara rağmen, Zekat hala yoksulluğun ortadan kaldırılmasıyla mücadele edemiyor. Bu çalışma, İİT Müslüman ülkelerinden biri olan Malezya'nın Zekat konusundaki ilerlemesini göstermektedir. Malezya'nın gerçek Zekat gelirleri, toplam Müslüman nüfustan çok uzak; aslında, Malezyalıların yaklaşık %60'ı Müslümandır. Muazzam bir ekonomik büyümenin keyfini çıkarmasına rağmen, Zekat'ın Malezya'daki potansiyel katkısı, ülkenin GSYİH'si içinde bir boşluğa işaret ediyor. Bu başarısızlıklar, her devletteki genel İslam hukukuna tam olarak uymayan veya Zekat'ın zorunlu olduğuna dair Şafi mezhebinin fetvasını takip etmeyen Zekat kurumlarıyla ilgili olabilir. Ülke, birçok ırk ve dine ev sahipliği yaptığı için Zekat’ın bağıştan muaf olduğu ile açıklanmaktadır. Fetvanın Zekat tahsilatını etkilediğinin bir kanıtı olarak, veriler istatistiksel araçlarla tanımlayıcı, korelasyon, regresyon ve eş bütünleşme testine ARDL yaklaşımı ile gelirleri tahmin etmek için hesaplanacaktır. Bu çalışma, Malezya'daki ekonomik büyüme ile ilgili olarak 1991 ile 2019 yılları arasındaki bir veri koleksiyonunu, örneğin ülkedeki Zekat'ın tahsilatı, GSYİH, faiz, enflasyon, vergiler ve işsizlik verilerini incelemektedir. Bu makale, politika yapıcıları Şafi mezhebinin uygun fetvasına uymak ve özellikle etkin altyapı politikaları oluşturmak için Ulusal Konsey Fetva Komitesi tarafından alınan kararı gözden geçirmeye teşvik etmektedir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• zekat
• fetva
• fiili gelir
• ARDL

THE PROGRESS OF SHARI’AH IMPLEMENTATION IN ZAKAH MANAGEMENT & THE ACTUAL PROCEEDS: MALAYSIA AS A CASE STUDY WITH CORRELATION ANALYSIS

Abstract

This paper analyzes the Malaysian Zakah/Zakat Management, which is related to law and its actual proceeds.Despite numerous efforts being made in many OIC Muslim countries and technological breakthroughs, Zakah is still unable to tackle poverty eradication. This study shows the progress of Zakah by one of the OIC Muslim countries, Malaysia. Malaysia's Zakah actual proceeds are a far cry from a total Muslim population; in fact, approximately 60% of Malaysians are Muslim. Although enjoying tremendous economic growth, Zakah’s potential contribution to Malaysia indicates a gap within the country’s GDP. These failures may relate to Zakah institutions in each state that do not fully adhere to general Islamic law or not follow the fatwa of the Shafi' sect that Zakah is obligatory. The explanation is that, since the country is home to many races and religions, Zakah is exempted from contribution. A prove that the fatwa affects the Zakah's collection, the data would be computed to estimate the proceeds by statistical tools, namely; descriptive, correlation, regression, and the ARDL approach to co-integration testing. This study examines a collection of data between 1991 to 2019 related to economic growth in Malaysia, for instance, Zakah's collection, GDP, interest, inflation, taxes, and unemployment in the country. This paper encourages policymakers to review the decision taken by National Council Fatwa Committee to adhere to the proper fatwa by Shafi's sect and to create effective infrastructure policies.

Keywords

• Zakah
• Fatwa
• Actual Proceeds

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