Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Bebeği Olan Annelerin kaygı Düzeyi ve Maternal Bağlanma İlişkisinin İncelenmesi

Öz

Bu araştırma yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde (YYBÜ) bebeği olan kadınların kaygı düzeyi ve maternal bağlanma ilişkisinin incelenmek amacıyla yapıldı. Bir hastanenin YYBÜ’sinde Nisan 2022 – Eylül 2022 tarihleri arasında bebeği yatmakta olan 140 kadınla yapılan çalışma, tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı tasarımda planlandı. Veriler “Anne-Bebek Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu”, “Görsel Kıyaslama Ölçeği”, “Anne-Bebek Bağlanma Ölçeği (ABBÖ)” ve “Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği (BAÖ)” kullanılarak yüz yüze görüşme tekniğiyle toplandı.Annelerin yaş ortalaması 28.48±5.66 olarak belirlendi. Annelerin ölçek toplam puan ortalaması şu şekildedir; ABBÖ= 14.85±2.13 ve BAÖ=7.21±6.33’tür. Bebeğin bakımına katılamayan annelerin daha yüksek ABBÖ puanına sahip oldukları belirlendi (p=0.045). Gebelikte düzenli kontrole giden annelerin daha düşük BAÖ puanına sahip oldukları belirlendi (p=0.005). Anne/babasından (p=0.021), eşinden (p=0.018) ve arkadaşından (p=0.040) destek gören katılımcıların daha düşük ABBÖ puanına sahip oldukları belirlendi(p<0.05). Eşinin ailesinden destek gören annelerin daha düşük anksiyeteye sahip oldukları belirlendi (p=0.044). ABBÖ ve BAÖ arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmadı (r= -0.90; p= 0.290).Araştırma sonucunda bebeği yoğun bakım ünitesinde yatan annelerin anksiyete yaşadıkları ancak bebeklerine bağlanma düzeylerinin düşük olmadığı belirlendi. Annelerin anksiyete düzeyi ile bağlanma arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olmadığı sonucuna varıldı. Ancak annelerin bebeklerinin bakımına katılma durumu, aile ve sosyal destek varlığı, emzirmesi ve bilgi kaynağı kişi (hemşire/ebe), bebeği kaybetme korkusu gibi değişkenler anksiyete ve bağlanmayı etkileyen değişkenler olarak belirlendi.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Doğum sonrası dönem
• Kaygı
• Materrnal bağlanma
• Sosyal destek

Investigating The Relationship Between Anxiety Level and Maternal Attachment in Mothers With a Baby in The Neonatal Newborn Care Unit

Öz

The study was conducted to investigate the relationship between anxiety level and maternal attachment in women whose babies were in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The study, conducted with 140 women whose babies were admitted to the hospital's NICU between April 2022 and September 2022, was planned in a descriptive and correlational design. Data were collected by face-to-face interview using the "Mother-Infant Description Questionnaire", the "Visual Analog Scale (VAS)", the "Mother-Infant Attachment Scale (MIAS)" and the "Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI)". The mean age of the mothers was 28.48±5.66 years. The average total scores of the mothers were as follows: MICS= 14.85±2.13 and BAS= 7.21±6.33. It was found that the mothers who could not participate in the care of the baby had higher MICS scores (p= 0.045). It was found that mothers who attended regular check-ups during pregnancy had lower BAI scores (p= 0.005). Participants who received support from their mothers/fathers (p=0.021), husband (p=0.018) and friends (p=0.040) had lower BAI scores (p<0.05). Mothers who received support from their husbands' families had less anxiety (p=0.044). No statistical correlation was found between the MIAS and the BAI (r: -0.90; p: 0.290). As a result of the study, it was found that although mothers whose babies were hospitalized in the NICU had anxiety, their attachment to their babies was not low. It was found that there was no significant relationship between mothers' anxiety levels and attachment. However, variables such as mothers' involvement in caring for their babies, the presence of family and social support, breastfeeding and the person from whom the information was obtained (nurse/midwife), and fear of losing the baby were identified as variables influencing anxiety and attachment.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anxiety
• Maternal attachment
• Postpartum period
• Social support

Kaynakça

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