Öz
Biyoekonomi, yenilenebilir doğal kaynakların optimal kullanımı için daha az girdi, daha az çevresel etki ve azaltılmış sera gazı emisyonları ile daha fazla gıda, lif ve diğer organik-temelli ürünler üretebilen sürdürülebilir doğal kaynak yönetimine dayanır. Ormancılık sektörünün asli politikası olan sürdürülebilir ormancılık yönetiminin de temel araçlarındandır. Bu makalede Biyoekonomi kavramı ele alınmış ve bu kapsamda yapılan çalışmalar ile ormancılık sektörüne katkıları sürdürülebilir orman yönetimi açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Geleneksel üret-tüket-at ekonomik modelin yerini alan döngüsel ekonomi modeli ormancılık sektöründe Biyoekonomi kavramı ile yer bulmuştur. Ormanların sürdürülebilir yönetimi; ekosistem hizmetlerinin bütüncül olarak topluma sunulması, yenilebilir kaynaklara ağırlık verilmesi, odun hammaddesinden yenilikçi ve katma değeri yüksek ürünlerin üretilmesi, sürdürülebilir şehirlerin kurulması, iklim değişikliği ile mücadelede fosil tabanlı ürünlerin yerine temiz ve yenilebilir enerji ve ürünlerin kullanılması Biyoekonominin önemli unsurlarıdır. Ekoloji ile ekonomiyi ustaca birleştirerek, orman ekosistemlerinin sürdürülebilir yönetimine akıllı, etkili ve sorumlu bir çözüm sunarak ormancılık sektörüne yeni bir eksen kazandırmıştır. Biyoekonomiye geçiş sürecinin hızlanması için; orman ekosistemlerinin genişletilmesi, mevcutlarının korunarak rehabilitasyonu, sürdürülebilir yönetimi, yenilikçi ürün, hizmet ve süreçler konusunda tüketicilerin bilinçlendirilmesi, yeni ormancılık politika, strateji ve yasal enstrümanlarının geliştirilmesine ihtiyaç vardır. Kaynakların sorumsuz ve aşırı kullanımını önlemek ve aynı zamanda sürdürülebilir orman yönetimine geçişi kolaylaştırmak için Biyoekonomik tedbirlerin alınması bir çıkış yolu olarak görülmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Destekleyen Kurum
yok
Proje Numarası
yok
Teşekkür
yok
Kaynakça
- Anonymous, (2012). Urban Forest Strategy. Making a great city greener 2012-2032. Melbourne Town Hall - Administration Building 120 Swanston Street, Melbourne
- Başkent, E.Z. Başkaya, Ş. and Terzioğlu, S. (2008). Developing and implementing participatory and ecosystem based multiple use forest management planning approach (ETÇAP): Yalnızçam case study, Forest Ecology and Management 256: 798–807
- Bioeconomy Council, (2015). Making Bioeconomy Work for Sustainable Development, Berlin, November 26th 2015
- Braun, M., Fritz, D., Braschel, N., Büchsenmeister, R., Freudenschuss, A., Gschwantner, T., Jandl, R., Ledermann, T.,
- Neumann, M. and Pölz, W. (2016.) A Holistic Assessment of Green House Gas Dynamics from Forests to the Effects of Wood Products Use in Austria. Carbon Management, 7, 271–283.
- FAO, (2016). Forestry for a low-carbon future: Integrating forests and wood products in climate change strategies. FAO Forestry Paper No: 177.ISBN 978-92-5-109312-2.
- FAO, (2020). Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020 – Main report. Rome
- FAO and UNEP. (2020). The State of the World’s Forests 2020. Forests, biodiversity and people. Rome. https://doi.org/10.4060/ca8642en
- Gracia, CA., Sabate, S. and Tello, E. (1998). Modelling the responses to climate change of a Mediterranean forest managed at different thinning intensities: Effects on growth and water fluxes, Book Series: Forestry Sciences, 52; 243-252.
- Jandl, R. Ledermann, L., Kindermann, G., Freudenschuss, A., Gschwantner, T. and Weiss, P. (2018). Strategies for Climate-Smart Forest Management in Austria. Forests, 9, 592.
- Nabuurs, G.J., Delacote, P., Ellison, D., Hanewinkel, M., Hetemäki, L., Lindner, M. and Ollikainen, M. (2017). By 2050 the Mitigation Effects of EU Forests Could Nearly Double through Climate Smart Forestry. Forests, 8, 484.
- Nabuurs,G.J., Delacote, F., Ellison, D., Hanewinkel,M., Lindner,M., Nesbit,M., Ollikainen, M. and Savaresi, A. (2015). A new role for forests and the forest sector in the EU post-2020 climate targets. From Science to Policy, European Forest Institute.
- NRC, (2019). The state of Canadian’s Forests: Annual Report 2019. Canadian Forest Service. ISSN 1196-1589.
- Palahi, M. (2015). European Forest Research, Basis for The Bioeconomy. In. International Conference on Challenges and Opportunities for 21st-Century Forestry, Location: Sekocin Stary, Poland, June 18, 2015, Sponsor(s): Poland Forest Res Inst. Pages: 34-35
- Potočnik, J. (2018). Circular Change Circular Economy Prospects Development, Policıes, Role of the Business Sector, International Resource Panel, UN Environment.
- Ramos, M., Valdés, A. and Garrigós, M.C. (2016). Chapter 6 - Multifunctional Applications of Nano cellulose-Based Nanocomposites, In: Multifunctional Polymeric Nanocomposites Based on Cellulosic Reinforcements (Book), Pages 177-204.
- Shimpi, NG. (2018). Biodegradable and Biocompatible Polymer Composites: Processing, Properties and Applications. Woodhead Publishing, 438p. ISBN: 978-0-08-100970-3
- URL1, (2018). https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/, [Erişim tarihi: Kasım 2020]
- URL2, (2018). Changing Cities into Forests: Creating Environmentally-Friendly and Timber-Utilizing Cities New Development Concept W350 Plan for Wooden High-Rise Building. SUMITOMO Forestry, http://sfc.jp/english/news/pdf/20180214_e_01.pdf. [Erişim tarihi: Kasım 2020]
- URL3, (2016). Nanocellulose in medicine and green manufacturing. https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2016-11/au-nim110716.php [Erişim tarihi: Kasım 2020]
- URL4, (2016). Kimmo Tiilikainen, Minister of the Environment, Energy and Housing, Finland, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X_M3_anp6_U ) [Erişim tarihi: Aralık 2020]
- URL5, 2018. http://www.lighting.philips.com/main/services/circular-lighting. [Erişim tarihi: Aralık 2020].
- URL6, (2018). http://resourcepanel.org/ [Erişim tarihi: Aralık 2020].
- URL7, (2020). Dissolving pulp for textiles and other applications . https://www.storaenso.com/en/products/market-pulp/dissolving-pulp-for-textiles-and-other-applications. [Erişim tarihi: Ekim 2020].
- Winkel, G. (ed). (2017). Towards a sustainable European forest-based Bioeconomy – assessment and the way forward. What Science Can Tell Us. European Forest Institute, ISBN 978-952-5980-42-4.
- WWF, (2012). Türkiye’nin Ekolojik Ayak İzi Raporu. 88 sayfa. WWF-Türkiye, İstanbul, Türkiye
- Yıldız A., Aydin H. , Turhan A. U. , Serdar B. (2010). Ortopedik Cerrahide Kemik Kusurlarının Onarımında Odun Kullanımı. III. Ulusal Karadeniz Ormancılık Kongresi, Artvin, Türkiye, 20 - 22 Mayıs 2010, ss.1867-1873
Öz
The bioeconomy relies on sustainable resource management, which can produce more food, fiber and other organic-based products with fewer inputs, less environmental impact, and reduced greenhouse gas emissions for optimal use of renewable resources. One of the sustainable management tools of forests has been the Bioeconomy initiative. In this article, the Bioeconomy concept is discussed and its contributions to the sector are evaluated in terms of sustainable forest management. The circular economy model, which has replaced the traditional produce-consume-dispose economic model, has found its place in the forestry sector with the concept of Bioeconomy. Providing integrated ecosystem services to the society, focusing on renewable resources, producing innovative and high value-added products from wood raw materials, establishing sustainable cities, using clean and renewable energy and products instead of fossil-based products in combating climate change are important elements of bioeconomy. It has brought a new frontier to the forestry sector by combining ecology and economy, offering a smart, effective and responsible solution to sustainable forest management. There is a need for expanding forest ecosystems, preserving their rehabilitation, sustainable management, raising awareness of consumers on innovative products, services and processes, and developing new forestry policies, strategies and legal instruments to accelerate the transition to bioeconomy. Taking bioeconomy measures is seen as a way out to prevent irresponsible and excessive use of resources and at facilitate the transition to sustainable forest management.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Proje Numarası
yok
Kaynakça
- Anonymous, (2012). Urban Forest Strategy. Making a great city greener 2012-2032. Melbourne Town Hall - Administration Building 120 Swanston Street, Melbourne
- Başkent, E.Z. Başkaya, Ş. and Terzioğlu, S. (2008). Developing and implementing participatory and ecosystem based multiple use forest management planning approach (ETÇAP): Yalnızçam case study, Forest Ecology and Management 256: 798–807
- Bioeconomy Council, (2015). Making Bioeconomy Work for Sustainable Development, Berlin, November 26th 2015
- Braun, M., Fritz, D., Braschel, N., Büchsenmeister, R., Freudenschuss, A., Gschwantner, T., Jandl, R., Ledermann, T.,
- Neumann, M. and Pölz, W. (2016.) A Holistic Assessment of Green House Gas Dynamics from Forests to the Effects of Wood Products Use in Austria. Carbon Management, 7, 271–283.
- FAO, (2016). Forestry for a low-carbon future: Integrating forests and wood products in climate change strategies. FAO Forestry Paper No: 177.ISBN 978-92-5-109312-2.
- FAO, (2020). Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020 – Main report. Rome
- FAO and UNEP. (2020). The State of the World’s Forests 2020. Forests, biodiversity and people. Rome. https://doi.org/10.4060/ca8642en
- Gracia, CA., Sabate, S. and Tello, E. (1998). Modelling the responses to climate change of a Mediterranean forest managed at different thinning intensities: Effects on growth and water fluxes, Book Series: Forestry Sciences, 52; 243-252.
- Jandl, R. Ledermann, L., Kindermann, G., Freudenschuss, A., Gschwantner, T. and Weiss, P. (2018). Strategies for Climate-Smart Forest Management in Austria. Forests, 9, 592.
- Nabuurs, G.J., Delacote, P., Ellison, D., Hanewinkel, M., Hetemäki, L., Lindner, M. and Ollikainen, M. (2017). By 2050 the Mitigation Effects of EU Forests Could Nearly Double through Climate Smart Forestry. Forests, 8, 484.
- Nabuurs,G.J., Delacote, F., Ellison, D., Hanewinkel,M., Lindner,M., Nesbit,M., Ollikainen, M. and Savaresi, A. (2015). A new role for forests and the forest sector in the EU post-2020 climate targets. From Science to Policy, European Forest Institute.
- NRC, (2019). The state of Canadian’s Forests: Annual Report 2019. Canadian Forest Service. ISSN 1196-1589.
- Palahi, M. (2015). European Forest Research, Basis for The Bioeconomy. In. International Conference on Challenges and Opportunities for 21st-Century Forestry, Location: Sekocin Stary, Poland, June 18, 2015, Sponsor(s): Poland Forest Res Inst. Pages: 34-35
- Potočnik, J. (2018). Circular Change Circular Economy Prospects Development, Policıes, Role of the Business Sector, International Resource Panel, UN Environment.
- Ramos, M., Valdés, A. and Garrigós, M.C. (2016). Chapter 6 - Multifunctional Applications of Nano cellulose-Based Nanocomposites, In: Multifunctional Polymeric Nanocomposites Based on Cellulosic Reinforcements (Book), Pages 177-204.
- Shimpi, NG. (2018). Biodegradable and Biocompatible Polymer Composites: Processing, Properties and Applications. Woodhead Publishing, 438p. ISBN: 978-0-08-100970-3
- URL1, (2018). https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/, [Erişim tarihi: Kasım 2020]
- URL2, (2018). Changing Cities into Forests: Creating Environmentally-Friendly and Timber-Utilizing Cities New Development Concept W350 Plan for Wooden High-Rise Building. SUMITOMO Forestry, http://sfc.jp/english/news/pdf/20180214_e_01.pdf. [Erişim tarihi: Kasım 2020]
- URL3, (2016). Nanocellulose in medicine and green manufacturing. https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2016-11/au-nim110716.php [Erişim tarihi: Kasım 2020]
- URL4, (2016). Kimmo Tiilikainen, Minister of the Environment, Energy and Housing, Finland, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X_M3_anp6_U ) [Erişim tarihi: Aralık 2020]
- URL5, 2018. http://www.lighting.philips.com/main/services/circular-lighting. [Erişim tarihi: Aralık 2020].
- URL6, (2018). http://resourcepanel.org/ [Erişim tarihi: Aralık 2020].
- URL7, (2020). Dissolving pulp for textiles and other applications . https://www.storaenso.com/en/products/market-pulp/dissolving-pulp-for-textiles-and-other-applications. [Erişim tarihi: Ekim 2020].
- Winkel, G. (ed). (2017). Towards a sustainable European forest-based Bioeconomy – assessment and the way forward. What Science Can Tell Us. European Forest Institute, ISBN 978-952-5980-42-4.
- WWF, (2012). Türkiye’nin Ekolojik Ayak İzi Raporu. 88 sayfa. WWF-Türkiye, İstanbul, Türkiye
- Yıldız A., Aydin H. , Turhan A. U. , Serdar B. (2010). Ortopedik Cerrahide Kemik Kusurlarının Onarımında Odun Kullanımı. III. Ulusal Karadeniz Ormancılık Kongresi, Artvin, Türkiye, 20 - 22 Mayıs 2010, ss.1867-1873
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Orman Endüstri Mühendisliği |
| Bölüm | Derlemeler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Proje Numarası | yok |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Haziran 2023 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2023 |