The Theological Dimensions of the Tension Between Fiṭrah and Tabīʿah
Öz
This article aims to examine, from a theological perspective, the tension between Fiṭrah and Tabīʿah within the framework of Islamic thought. Fiṭrah is addressed as the primordial ground of creation that endows the human being with lofty qualities and directs him toward moral perfection, truth, and Allah. By contrast, tabīʿah is evaluated as a domain that represents the human being’s base inclinations, bodily desires, pleasure-centered preferences, and a hedonistic way of life based on indulgence and sensual gratification. In this context, the study seeks to answer the questions of through which values the human being ascends and through which tendencies he experiences spiritual decline. In the study, the concepts of fiṭrah and tabīʿah are analyzed through a conceptual, theological, and comparative method within the context of the Islamic conception of the human being. Within this framework, the relationship between the human potential for spiritual ascent and the tendency toward worldly desires is examined; furthermore, the way in which modernity deepens this tension through its individualistic, consumerist, and pleasure-oriented values is discussed. In addition, the ideal of al-insān al-kāmil is considered a fundamental point of reference for the preservation and development of fiṭrah. The study argues that the human being can attain moral maturity and be elevated to the rank of al-insān al-kāmil to the extent that he preserves his Fiṭrah-based orientation. Conversely, when tabīʿah is confined to base desires, it leads the human being toward hedonism, spiritual alienation, and existential crisis. Therefore, moral education, the disciplining of the will, and spiritual consciousness emerge as decisive elements in resolving this tension. In conclusion, overcoming the tension between fiṭrah and tabīʿah is possible not by completely rejecting tabīʿah, but by disciplining it under the guidance of Fiṭrah. In this way, a strong connection is established between individual perfection and social peace.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Etik Beyan
Kaynakça
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Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
İngilizce
Konular
Tasavvuf, İslam Araştırmaları (Diğer)
Bölüm
Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar
İlhan Yıldız
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0000-0003-3848-6723
Türkiye
Yayımlanma Tarihi
30 Eylül 2026
Gönderilme Tarihi
20 Mart 2026
Kabul Tarihi
28 Haziran 2026
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 2026 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2