Yükselen Sanayi Ekonomilerinde Dijitalleşme ve Küreselleşmenin Gelir Dağılımı Üzerindeki Etkisi

Öz

Dijitalleşme, teknolojik gelişmenin en önemli göstergesidir. Daha spesifik olarak, dijitalleşme gelir dağılımını farklı şekillerde etkilemektedir. Dijital teknolojilerdeki gelişme işgücü verimliliğini ve ekonomik etkinliği artırmaktadır. Bu nedenle, dijitalleşmenin gelir eşitsizliğini nasıl etkilediğine dair daha fazla kanıt elde edilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma, 2000-2020 dönemi boyunca 29 Yükselen Sanayi Ekonomisinde (EIEs) dijitalleşmenin dağılımsal etkisini araştırmaktadır. Panel ARDL modeli tahmin sonuçları, dijitalleşmenin gelir eşitsizliğini azalttığını göstermektedir. Benzer şekilde, ekonomik büyüme, küreselleşme ve kurumsal kalite de gelir eşitsizliğini olumsuz etkilemektedir. Buna ek olarak, ekonomik büyüme, küreselleşme ve kurumsal kalite, dijitalleşmenin gelir eşitsizliği üzerindeki teşvik edici etkisini desteklemektedir. Ayrıca, Dumitrescu-Hurlin (DH) panel nedensellik testi sonucu ekonomik büyüme, küreselleşme ve dijitalleşme ile gelir eşitsizliği arasında iki yönlü nedensellik ilişkisinin olduğunu ve gelir eşitsizliğinden kurumsal kaliteye doğru ise tek yönlü nedensellik olduğunu doğrulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• dijitalleşme
• gelir eşitsizliği
• küreselleşme
• yükselen sanayi ekonomileri
• PMG tahmincisi

The Impact Digitalization and Globalization on Income Distribution in Emerging Industrial Economies

Öz

Digitalization is the most important indicator of technological development. More specifically, digitalization affects income distribution in different ways. Improvement in digital technologies promotes labour productivity and economic efficiency. Hence, how digitalization affects income inequality is required to obtain more evidence. This study investigates the distributional impact of digitalization in 29 Emerging Industrial Economies (EIEs) over the period 2000-2020. The panel ARDL model estimation results show digitalization alleviates income inequality. Likewise, economic growth, globalization, and institutional quality also negatively affect income inequality. In addition, economic growth, globalization, and institutional quality support the encouraging effect of digitalization on income inequality. Moreover, the Dumitrescu-Hurlin (DH) panel causality test result confirms the two-way causality between economic growth, globalization, and digitalization with income inequality, and the one-way causality running from income inequality to institutional quality.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Digitalization
• income inequality
• globalization
• emerging industrial economies
• PMG estimator

Kaynakça

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