Yaşlı Bireylerde Fiziksel Egzersizin Fiziksel Uygunluk ve Depresyon Düzeyi Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Giriş: Yaşlanmaya bağlı fizyolojik ve psikolojik gerilemeleri önlemek için hareketliliği sürdürmek önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı egzersizin yaşlıların fiziksel uygunluk ve depresyon düzeyleri üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır. Materyal ve Metod: Çalışmaya deney grubunda 17 (5 kadın ve 12 erkek) ve kontrol grubunda 17 (5 kadın ve 12 erkek) olmak üzere 65 yaş üstü 34 kişi katılmıştır. Deney grubuna 8 hafta süresince, haftada 5 gün aerobik egzersiz, kuvvet egzersizleri, esneklik ve denge egzersizlerinden oluşan egzersiz programı uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmada deney grubuna uygulanan egzersiz uygulaması sonrası yaşlı bireylerin fiziksel uygunluk düzeylerini ölçen Senior Fitness Test skorlarının tümünde istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir artış (p<0,001, p<0,05); depresyon düzeylerinde ise istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir azalış gözlenmiştir (p<0,001). Kontrol grubunun Fitness Senior test skorlarının 2-minute step test, chair sit and reach testlerinde istatiksel açıdan anlamlı bir azalış tespit edilirken (p<0,05) diğer testlerde istatiksel bir farklılık bulunmamıştır (p>0,05). Kontrol grubunun ön test ve son test depresyon seviyesi arasında ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farkın olmadığı görülmüştür (p>0,05). Sonuç: Bu çalışma sonucunda 8 haftalık kapsamlı egzersiz uygulamasının yaşlı bireylerin Senior Fitness Test skorlarının tümünde ve depresyon düzeyleri üzerinde olumlu etkisi olduğu belirlendi.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• yaşlılar
• egzersiz
• fiziksel uygunluk
• depresyon

THE EFFECT OF PHYSICAL EXERCISE ON PHYSICAL FITNESS AND DEPRESSION LEVELS OF THE ELDERLY

Abstract

It is important to maintain mobility in order to prevent physiological and psychological regressions due to aging. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of exercise on the physical fitness and depression levels of the elderly. Materials and Method: 34 people over 65 years of age participated in the study, 17 (5 women and 12 men) in the experimental group and 17 (5 women and 12 men) in the control group. An exercise program consisting of aerobic exercise, strength exercises, flexibility and balance exercises was applied to the experimental group for 8 weeks, 5 days a week. Results: In the study, after the exercise was applied to the experimental group, there was a statistically significant increase (p<0.001, p<0.05) in all of the Senior Fitness Test scores measuring the physical fitness levels of the elderly individuals; a statistically significant decrease was observed in depression levels (p<0.001). While a statistically significant decrease was detected in the 2-minute step test, chair sit and reach tests of the Fitness Senior test scores of the control group (p<0.05), no statistical difference was found in the other tests (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the pretest and posttest depression levels of the control group (p>0.05). Conclusion: As a result of this study, it was determined that 8 weeks of comprehensive exercise had a positive effect on all Senior Fitness Test scores and depression levels of elderly individuals

Keywords

• aged
• exercise
• physical fitness
• depression

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