Talent Selection for Bowling by the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)

Yıl 2023, , 972 - 985, 29.10.2023

Umut Diyar Gök , Mehmet Ali Ceyhan , Ümit Yıldırım

https://doi.org/10.38021/asbid.1374014

Öz

The main purpose of this research is to reveal the necessary criteria in the bowling discipline, to determine the importance of these criteria in terms of talent selection for the branch using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, and to create a simple basis for the talent selection process. For this purpose, the opinions form the basis of the AHP method of the national coaches of various countries participating in the 2022 European Youth Bowling Championship were used. As a result of pairwise comparisons, four main criteria which are needed for the bowling branch in talent selection; cognitive features are the most important criteria, followed by psychosocial characteristics, motoric characteristics, and anthropometric and physical characteristics, respectively. When the sub-criteria related to the main criteria are examined and integrated, self-control is the sub-criterion with the highest percentage weight among the cognitive characteristics. In contrast, the sub-criterion with the lowest weight is problem-solving ability. Whereas the most important sub-criterion with a weight percentage related to psychosocial characteristics is the self-confidence approach, the least important sub-criterion is the extrovert personality characteristic. The sub-criterion with the highest weight percentage related to motoric characteristics is balance and coordination, while the sub-criterion with the lowest weight is anaerobic power. Finally, among the anthropometric and physical characteristics sub-criteria, the highest weight percentage is body weight, while the lowest sub-criteria are skinfold and circumference measurements. Generally, the most important criteria for talent selection in the bowling branch have been self-control, focusing, balance, and coordination.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bowling, Analytic Hierarchy Process, Talent Selection, Sport.

Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (AHP) ile Bowlingde Yetenek Seçimi

Öz

Bu araştırmanın temel amacı bowling disiplininde gerekli kriterleri ortaya koymak, Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (AHP) yöntemini kullanarak bu kriterlerin branşa yetenek seçimi açısından önemini belirleyerek, bowling için yetenek seçimine basit bir temel oluşturmaktır. Bu amaçla, 2022 Avrupa Gençler Bowling Şampiyonasına katılan çeşitli ülkelerin milli antrenörlerinin AHP yönteminin temelini oluşturan görüşlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Yapılan ikili karşılaştırmalar sonucunda bowling branşına yönelik yetenek seçiminde ihtiyaç duyulan dört ana kriter arasında bilişsel özellikler en önemli kriter olup, bunu sırasıyla psikososyal özellikler, motorik özellikler ve antropometrik ve fiziksel özellikler takip etmektedir. Ana ölçütlere ilişkin alt ölçütler incelenip bütünleştirildiğinde bilişsel özellikler arasında en yüksek yüzdesel ağırlığa sahip alt kriter öz denetimdir. Buna karşılık en düşük ağırlığa sahip alt kriter problem çözme yeteneğidir. Psikososyal özelliklere ilişkin ağırlık yüzdesi ile en önemli alt kriter özgüven yaklaşımı iken, en az önemli olan alt kriter ise dışa dönük kişilik özelliğidir. Motorik özelliklere ilişkin ağırlık yüzdesi en yüksek olan alt kriter denge ve koordinasyon iken, en düşük ağırlık yüzdesine sahip alt kriter ise anaerobik güçtür. Son olarak antropometrik ve fiziksel özellikler alt kriterlerinden en yüksek ağırlık yüzdesi vücut ağırlığı, en düşük alt kriterler ise deri kıvrımı ve çevre ölçümleridir. Bowling branşında genel olarak yetenek seçiminde en önemli kriterler otokontrol, odaklanma, denge ve koordinasyon olmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bowling, Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci, Yetenek Seçimi, Spor

Kaynakça

• Abdollahipour, R., Nieto, M. P., Psotta, R., & Wulf, G. (2017). External focus of attention and autonomy support have additive benefits for motor performance in children. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 32, 17-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2017.05.004
• Bompa, T. O., & Haff, G. (2009). Periodization: theory and methodology of training. 5th ed. Leeds: Human Kinetics.
• Crust, L. (2007). Mental toughness in sport: A review. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 5(3), 270-290. https://doi.org/10.1080/1612197X.2007.9671836
• Demiral, G. (2007). Bayan judocularda yetenek seçimi. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans tezi; Marmara Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Ana Bilim Dalı, İstanbul.
• Esen, S., & Uslu, T. (2020). Evaluation of talent selection in soccer through analytical hierarchy process and TOPSIS method. Turkish Journal of Sport Sciences, 4(2), 111-123. https://doi.org/10.32706/tusbid.821124
• Fuss, F. K. (2009). Design of an instrumented bowling ball and its application to performance analysis in tenpin bowling. Sports Technology, 2(3-4), 97-110. https://doi.org/10.1002/jst.104
• Gordon, B. (2020). Coaching tactics and decision-making in target games. In Cooper, D., and Gordon, B. (Eds.), Tactical Decision-Making in Sport: How Coaches Can Help Athletes to Make Better In-Game Decisions (1st Edition., pp. 152-158), Routledge, London.
• Hon, T. M., Senanayake, S. A., & Flyger, N. (2009, July 14-17). Biomechanical analysis of 10-pin bowling using wireless inertial sensor. 2009 IEEE/ASME International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics (pp. 1130-1135). Singapore.
• Hung, C. S., Hsieh, L. C., & Wu, H. W. (2012). Development of a simple force prediction model and consistency assessment of knee movements in ten-pin bowling. Maejo International Journal of Science and Technology, 6(2), 297.
• Jabri, M. M. (1990). Personnel selection using INSIGHT-C: An application based on the analytic hierarchy process. Journal of Business and Psychology, 281-285. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01014338
• Kirschenbaum, D. S., Ordman, A. M., Tomarken, A. J., & Holtzbauer, R. (1982). Effects of differential self-monitoring and level of mastery on sports performance: Brain power bowling. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 6, 335-341. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01173581
• Özal M., Gökdemir, K., Arslan, C., & Orhan, S. (2003). An investigation of tests used in sportsman selection exam for wrestling training center. Gazi Journal of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, 8(2), 19-32.
• Petrie, C. L. (2020). Diaphragmatic breathing for stress symptoms with 10-pin bowlers: A qualitative study. Unpublished PhD thesis, California Southern University, Faculty School of Behavioral Sciences, California. Retrieved from https://www.proquest.com/docview/2479689411?pqorigsite=gscholar&fromopenview=true
• Razman, R. (2013) Critical parameters of the delivery in ten pin bowling. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Malaya, Faculty of Engineering, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Retrieved from http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/7809/
• Razman, R., Cheong, J. P. G., Abas, W. W., & Osman, N. A. (2012). Anthropometric and strength characteristics of tenpin bowlers with different playing abilities. Biology of Sport, 29(1), 33-38. doi: 10.5604/20831862.979853
• Saaty, T. L. (1980). The analytic hierarchy process: Planning, priority setting, resources allocation. McGraw, New York, USA.
• Saaty, T. L. (2008). Decision making with the analytic hierarchy process. International Journal of Services Sciences, 1, 83. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSSCI.2008.017590
• Sipahi, S., & Or, E. (2005). Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) technique and evaluation of striker players according to their skills and abilities. Journal of Management, 16(50), 53- 65.
• Stefopoulos, V., Iatridou, K., Karagiannakis, D., & Mandalidis, D. (2020). Postural control in male ten-pin bowlers of different level of competitiveness. International Journal of Physical Education, Fitness and Sports, 9(1), 16-25.
• Soeed, K. B. (2016). Normative data of potential young Malaysian athlete for talent identification decision support system. Unpublished PhD thesis, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, Malaysia. Retrieved from https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/199242459.pdf
• Tan, B., Aziz, A. R., & Chuan, T. K. (2000). Correlations between physiological parameters and performance in elite ten-pin bowlers. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 3(2), 176-185. doi: 10.1016/s1440-2440(00)80079-1
• Wind, Y., & Saaty, T. L. (1980). Marketing applications of the analytic hierarchy process. Management Science, 26(7), 641-658. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2630699
• Uluç, E. A., & Akçakoyun, F. (2022). Investigation of focused attention skills of elite level bocce and darts athletes. International Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 2(1), 55-72. https://doi.org/10.55376ijtsep.1141166
• Varol, S., & Türkmen, M. (2021). Dikkat düzeyi düşük olan 11-13 yaş aralığındaki öğrencilerde dart egzersizlerinin etkisi. Bayburt Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(32), 460-475. doi:10.35675/befdergi.936216
• Zahedi, F. (1986). The analytic hierarchy process-a survey of the method and its applications. Interfaces, 16(4), 96-108. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25060854
• Zahudi, A. Z. A., Usman, J., & Osman, N. A. A. (2023). Relationship of anthropometric measurement and handgrip strength in Malaysian recreational tenpin bowlers. Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports, 27(2), 131-138. https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2023.0205