Kadın Voleybolcuların Etik İhlallere Maruz Kalma Durumları: Feminist Yönetişim Perspektifinden Bir Analiz

Öz

Bu çalışma, kadın voleybolcuların spor ortamlarında maruz kaldıkları etik ihlalleri feminist yönetişim perspektifinden incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Nitel betimsel araştırma deseninde tasarlanan çalışmada, amaçlı örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenen sekiz kadın voleybolcu ile yarı yapılandırılmış derinlemesine görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler refleksif tematik analiz (RTA) yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları; “Yönetişim Zafiyetinden Kaynaklanan Sorunlar” ile “Toplumsal Cinsiyet Normlarının Yeniden Üretimi” olmak üzere iki ana tema altında yapılandırılmıştır. Bulgular, spor kurumlarında kurumsal şikayet mekanizmalarının ve sporcu koruma (safeguarding) politikalarının eksikliğinin; hiyerarşik güç suistimaline, şiddetin normalleşmesine ve bir “sessizlik kültürünün” oluşmasına zemin hazırladığını ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca, kadın sporcuların beden ve kıyafet üzerinden denetlendiği, kaynak dağılımında cinsiyete dayalı eşitsizliklerin devam ettiği ve spor kurumlarının toplumsal cinsiyet normlarını dönüştürmek yerine yeniden ürettiği, sekiz katılımcının (N=8) deneyimlerine dayanılarak saptanmıştır. Çalışma, sporda etik ihlallerin önlenmesi için bireysel odaklı yaklaşımlardan ziyade, hesap verebilirliği ve katılımcılığı esas alan feminist yönetişim modellerinin ve uluslararası standartlarda sporcu koruma programlarının yerelleştirilmesinin gerekliliğini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kadın Voleybolu
• Feminist Yönetişim
• Sporda Güç Dengesizliği
• Sporcu Koruma Programı
• Sessizlik Kültürü.

Women Volleyball Players' Exposure to Ethical Violations: An Analysis From a Feminist Governance Perspective

Öz

This study aims to examine the ethical violations to which female volleyball players (N=8) are exposed in sports environments from a feminist governance perspective. To this end, a qualitative descriptive research design was adopted, utilizing semi-structured in-depth interviews with eight purposively selected female volleyball players. The data obtained were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis (RTA). The research findings were organized into two main themes: "Problems Arising from Governance Weaknesses" and "Reproduction of Gender Norms." The findings reveal that the lack of institutional complaint mechanisms and athlete safeguarding policies in sports organisations paves the way for hierarchical power abuse, the normalisation of violence, and the formation of a "culture of silence". Furthermore, it was found that female athletes are monitored through their bodies and clothing, gender-based inequalities in resource distribution persist, and sports institutions reproduce rather than transform gender norms. The study emphasizes the need for feminist governance models based on accountability and participation, rather than individual-focused approaches, and the localisation of athlete protection programmes in line with international standards to prevent ethical violations in sport.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Women's Volleyball
• Feminist Governance
• Power Imbalances in Sport
• Athlete Safeguarding Programme
• Culture of Silence.

Kaynakça

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