Genç Futbolcularda Temel Atletizm ve Düzeltici Egzersiz Programının Atletik Performans, Postüral Hizalanma ve Fonksiyonel Hareket Üzerindeki Etkileri

Öz

Fiziksel performans, genç futbolcularda yetenek gelişiminin merkezi bir bileşeni olmakla birlikte, uzun dönemli atletik ilerlemeyi desteklemek için hareket kalitesi ve postüral hizalanma ile birlikte geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, sekiz haftalık temel atletizm ve düzeltici egzersiz programının U15 futbolcularda fonksiyonel hareket kalitesi, postüral hizalanma ve seçilmiş fiziksel performans parametreleri üzerindeki etkilerini incelemektir. Ön test–son test kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel desen kullanılan araştırmaya 37 erkek genç futbolcu katılmıştır (deney=21, yaş 14.50±0.44; kontrol=16, yaş 14.32±0.80). Deney grubu sekiz hafta boyunca haftada dört gün yapılandırılmış program uygularken, kontrol grubu rutin antrenmanlarına devam etmiştir. Toplam FMS skorunda anlamlı bir Zaman etkisi bulunmuş (F=75.18; p<.001; η²p=.68), ancak Grup (p=.060) ve Zaman×Grup etkileşimi (p=.067) anlamlı bulunmamıştır. Deney grubunda deep squat, hurdle step, in-line lunge ve shoulder mobility alt testlerinde grup-içi anlamlı iyileşmeler saptanmış; gruplar arası karşılaştırmada yalnızca deep squat'ta anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (p=.002; q=.012; d=1.16). Postüral değerlendirmelerde genel skor değişiminde gruplar arasında anlamlı fark saptanmamıştır (p=.205). Fiziksel performansta denge ve dikey sıçramada zaman içinde her iki grupta da gelişme görülmüş, ancak Zaman×Grup etkileşimi anlamsız kalmıştır; dikey sıçramada yalnızca Grup ana etkisi anlamlı bulunmuştur (p=.023). Yatay sıçrama (F=8.92; p=.005), çeviklik (F=10.93; p=.002) ve sürat (F=28.28; p<.001) parametrelerinde ise deney grubu lehine anlamlı Zaman×Grup etkileşimleri saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, temel atletizm ve düzeltici egzersiz programının genç futbolculara genel değil hedefe yönelik bir fayda sağladığı; en güvenilir şekilde deep squat hareket kalitesini ve yatay sıçrama, çeviklik, sürat gibi patlayıcı performans kapasitelerini geliştirdiği görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çeviklik
• Düzeltici Antrenman
• Patlayıcı Güç
• FMS
• Postür
• Sprint

Effects of a Fundamental Athletics and Corrective Exercise Program on Athletic Performance, Postural Alignment, and Functional Movement in Youth Soccer Players

Öz

Although physical performance is central to talent development in young soccer players, it must be developed alongside movement quality and postural alignment to support long-term athletic progression. This study aimed to examine the effects of an eight-week fundamental athletics and corrective exercise program on functional movement quality, postural alignment, and selected physical performance parameters in U15 soccer players. A pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design with a control group was used, involving 37 male soccer players (experimental=21, age 14.50±0.44; control=16, age 14.32±0.80). The experimental group performed a structured program four days per week for eight weeks, while the control group continued regular training. Total FMS score showed a significant main effect of Time (F=75.18; p<.001; η²p=.68), but neither Group (p=.060) nor the Time×Group interaction (p=.067) reached significance. The experimental group showed significant within-group improvements in deep squat, hurdle step, in-line lunge, and shoulder mobility; only deep squat showed a significant between-group difference (p=.002; q=.012; d=1.16). No significant between-group difference was found in overall postural score changes (p=.205). For physical performance, balance and vertical jump improved over time in both groups, but the Time×Group interaction was non-significant; vertical jump showed a significant main effect of Group only (p=.023). Horizontal jump (F=8.92; p=.005), agility (F=10.93; p=.002), and sprint (F=28.28; p<.001) showed significant Time×Group interactions favoring the experimental group. In conclusion, the fundamental athletics and corrective exercise program provided young soccer players with a targeted rather than general benefit, most reliably enhancing deep squat movement quality and explosive capacities such as horizontal jump, agility, and speed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Agility
• Corrective Training
• Explosive Power
• FMS
• Posture
• Sprint

Destekleyen Kurum

The authors declare that no financial support or funding was received for this study.

Etik Beyan

Ethics committee: Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Committee of Iğdır University Date of the ethics approval document: 20 August 2025 Ethics approval document number: 2025/35

Teşekkür

The authors would like to thank the athletes, their families, and the coaches who voluntarily participated in this study.

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