Araştırma Makalesi
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Algılanan Fiziksel ve Bilişsel Yorgunluk Ölçeği’nin Geliştirilmesi (AFBYÖ): Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 715 - 726, 28.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.38021/asbid.1220568

Öz

Araştırmada sporda algılanan fiziksel ve bilişsel yorgunluk ölçeğinin geçerli ve güvenilir şekilde geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Mevcut araştırmada nicel modelden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmaya farklı spor branşlarından (tenis, badminton, yüzme, atletizm, kayak, kızak, kayaklı koşu, boks, jimnastik, hokey, eskrim, güreş, halter, judo, kano, atıcılık, okçuluk, tekvando, voleybol, hentbol, futbol, basketbol, masa tenisi, amerikan futbolu) 630 sporcu dahil edilmiştir. Yapılan literatür taraması doğrultusunda taslak madde havuzu oluşturulmuştur. Taslak madde havuzundaki maddelerin sınanması, kapsam geçerliğinin sağlanması için, taslak madde havuzu toplam 4 uzman görüşüne sunulmuş ve uzmanların önerdiği düzeltme ardından pilot uygulama yapılmıştır. Daha sonra ölçek katılımcılara uygulanmış, elde edilen verilerin yapı geçerliği öncelikle Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi ile incelenmiştir. Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi’nin desteklenmesi için daha sonra ölçeğin yapısı Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi ile sınanmıştır. Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi sonuçlarında; elde edilen uyum indeksi değerleri, mükemmel ve kabul edilebilir aralıkta bulunmuştur. Ardından verilerin geçerliği ve güvenirliğinin saptanması için madde analizi ve güvenirlik analizleri yapılmıştır. Madde analizlerine göre % 27’lik alt-üst grup puan farkları anlamlı bulunmuştur. Yapılan analizler sonucunda sporda algılanan fiziksel ve bilişsel yorgunluk ölçeğinin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca sporda algılanan fiziksel ve bilişsel yorgunluk ölçeğinin yapılan test tekrar test analizi sonucunda zamana karşı dayanıklı olduğu da tespit edilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Aras, D., Yiğit, S., Kayam, S., Arslan, E., ve Akça, F. (2020). Bilişsel yorgunluğun egzersiz ve spor performansına etkileri. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(1), 1-32.
  • Bogdanis, G. C. (2012). Effects of physical activity and inactivity on muscle fatigue. Front Physiol, 3(142), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2012.00142
  • Boksem, M. A., ve Tops, M. (2008). Mental fatigue: Costs and benefits. Brain Res Rev, 59(1), 125-139.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2011). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı- istatistik, araştırma deseni spss uygulamaları ve yorum. 13. Baskı, Pegem Akademi.
  • Byrne, B. M. (2013). Structural equation modeling with lisrel, prelis, and simplis: Basic concepts, applications, and programming. Psychology Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203774762
  • Chegeni, P. S., Gholami, M., Azargoon, A., Pour, A. H. H., Birjandi, M., ve Norollahi, H. (2018). The effect of progressive muscle relaxation on the management of fatigue and quality of sleep in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 31, 64-70.
  • De Vellis, R. F. (2014). Ölçek geliştirme: Kuram ve uygulamalar (Ed.Tarık Totan). Nobel Yayıncılık.
  • Dittner A. J., Wessely S. C., ve Brown R. G. (2004). The assessment of fatigue: a practical guide for clinicians and researchers. J Psychosom Res, 56(2), 157-170.
  • Finsterer, J., ve Mahjoub, S. Z. (2014). Fatigue in healthy and diseased individuals. American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine, 31(5), 562-575.
  • George, D., ve Mallery, P. (2001). Spss for windows step by step: A simple guide and reference. Needham Heights: Allyn & Bacon.
  • Gorsuch, R. L. (1997). Exploratory factor analysis: Its role in item analysis. Journal of Personality Assessment, 68(3), 532-560.
  • Job, R. S., ve Dalziel, J. (2000). Defining fatigue as a condition of the organism and distinguishing it from habituation, adaptation, and boredom. In Stress, workload, and fatigue (pp. 466-476). CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/b12791
  • Jones, C. M., Griffiths, P. C., ve Mellalieu, S. D. (2017). Training load and fatigue marker associations with injury and illness: A systematic review of longitudinal studies. Sports medicine, 47(5), 943-974.
  • Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (3. Baskı). Guilford Press, 14, 1497-1513.
  • Knicker, A. J., Renshaw, I., Oldham, A. R. H., ve Cairns, S. P. (2011). Interactive processes link the multiplesymptoms of fatigue in sport competition. Sports Med, 41(4), 307-328.
  • Korotkova, A. K. (2006). The method of gas-discharge visualization of bioelectrography in researches of psychophysiological condition of qualified athletes. Doctoral Thesis, Spb Research Institute, Physical Culture, St. Petersburg.
  • Meeusen, R., Van Cutsem, J., ve Roelands, B. (2021). Endurance exercise‐induced and mental fatigue and the brain. Experimental Physiology, 106(12), 2294-2298.
  • Michielsen, H. J., De Vries, J., ve Van Heck, G. L. (2003). Psychometric qualities of a brief self-rated fatigue measure: The Fatigue Assessment Scale. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 54(4), 345-352.
  • Miller, N. L., Matsangas, P., ve Shattuck, L. G. (2018). Fatigue and its effect on performance in military environments. In Performance under stress (pp.247-266). CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315599946
  • O’Keeffe, K., Hodder, S., ve Lloyd, A. (2020). A comparison of methods used for inducing mental fatigue in performance research: Individualised, dual-task and short duration cognitive tests are most effective. Ergonomics, 63(1), 1-12.
  • Paul, R. H., Beatty, W. W., Schneider, R., Blanco, C. R., ve Hames, K. A. (1998). Cognitive and physical fatigue in multiple sclerosis: relations between self-report and objective performance. Applied neuropsychology, 5(3), 143-148.
  • Penner, I. K., Raselli, C., Stöcklin, M., Opwis, K., Kappos, L., ve Calabrese, P. (2009). The fatigue scale for motor and cognitive functions (FSMC): Validation of a new instrument to assess multiple sclerosis-related fatigue. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, 15(12), 1509-1517.
  • Scott, D. L., Khoshaba, B., Choy, E. H., ve Kingsley, G. (2007). Limited correlation between the health assessment questionnaire (HAQ) and euroqol in rheumatoid arthritis: questionable validity of deriving quality adjusted life years from haq. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 66(11), 1534-1537.
  • Signal, L., van den Berg, M., ve Gander, P. (2008, June). Sleep and psychomotor performance during commercial ultra-long-range flights. In FAA Fatigue Management Symposium: Partnerships for Solutions. Vienna, Austria: June (pp. 17-19).
  • Smets, E., Garssen, B., Bonke, B. D., ve De Haes, J. C. J. M. (1995). The Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI) psychometric qualities of an instrument to assess fatigue. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 39(3), 315-325.
  • Sümer, N. (2000). Yapısal eşitlik modelleri: Temel kavramlar ve örnek uygulamalar. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 3(6), 49-74. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2006-04302-005
  • Tavşancıl, E. (2006). Measuring attitudes and data analysis with Spss. Nobel Publishing and Distribution.
  • Tavşancıl, E. (2014).Tutumların ölçülmesi ve spss ile veri analizi (5. Baskı). Nobel Yayınevi.
  • Tezbaşaran, A. A. (2008). Likert tipi ölçek geliştirme kılavuzu (3. baskı). Türk Psikologları Derneği Yayınları.
  • Torres-Harding, S., Jason, L. A., Christodoulou, C., Johnson, S. K., ve Duntle, S. P. (2005). Fatigue as a window to the brain. In: DeLuca J, editor. A Bradford book. Cambridge, The MIT Press. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/2967.001.0001
  • Wascher, E., Rasch, B., Sanger, J., Hoffmann, S., Schneider, D., Rinkenauer, G., Heuer, H., ve Gutberlet, I. (2014). Frontal theta activity reflects distinct aspects of mental fatigue. Biol Psychol, 96, 57- 65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2013.11.010
  • Weinberg, R. S., ve Gould, D. (2019). Foundations of sport and exercise psychology, 7E. Human kinetics.
  • Yurtsever, S. (2000). Kronik hastalıklarda yorgunluk ve hemşirelik bakımı. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 4(1), 16-20.

Developing the Scale of Physical and Cognitive Fatigue Perceived (SPCFP): Validity and Reliability Study

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 715 - 726, 28.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.38021/asbid.1220568

Öz

In the study, it was aimed to develop a valid and reliable scale of physical and cognitive fatigue perceived in sports. This study used a quantitative research model. 630 athletes from different sports branches were included in the study (tennis, badminton, swimming, athletics, skiing, sledding, cross-country skiing, boxing, gymnastics, hockey, fencing, wrestling, weightlifting, judo, canoeing, shooting, archery, taekwondo, volleyball, handball, soccer, basketball, table tennis, american football). A draft item pool was created in line with the literature review. In order to test the items in the draft item pool and ensure content validity, the draft item pool was submitted to a total of 4 experts and a pilot application was made after the correction suggested by the experts. Afterwards, the scale was applied to the participants, and the construct validity of the obtained data was first examined with Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). To support EFA, the structure of the scale was then tested with Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). In the confirmatory factor analysis results of the obtained fit index values were found to be in an perfect and acceptable range. Then, item analysis and reliability analyses were performed to determine the validity and reliability of the data. Within the scope of item analysis, 27% lower-upper group score differences were found to be significant. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the physical and cognitive fatigue scale perceived in sports is a valid and reliable scale. In addition, as a result of the test-retest analysis of the physical and cognitive fatigue scale perceived in sports, it was determined that it was durable against time.

Kaynakça

  • Aras, D., Yiğit, S., Kayam, S., Arslan, E., ve Akça, F. (2020). Bilişsel yorgunluğun egzersiz ve spor performansına etkileri. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(1), 1-32.
  • Bogdanis, G. C. (2012). Effects of physical activity and inactivity on muscle fatigue. Front Physiol, 3(142), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2012.00142
  • Boksem, M. A., ve Tops, M. (2008). Mental fatigue: Costs and benefits. Brain Res Rev, 59(1), 125-139.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2011). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı- istatistik, araştırma deseni spss uygulamaları ve yorum. 13. Baskı, Pegem Akademi.
  • Byrne, B. M. (2013). Structural equation modeling with lisrel, prelis, and simplis: Basic concepts, applications, and programming. Psychology Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203774762
  • Chegeni, P. S., Gholami, M., Azargoon, A., Pour, A. H. H., Birjandi, M., ve Norollahi, H. (2018). The effect of progressive muscle relaxation on the management of fatigue and quality of sleep in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 31, 64-70.
  • De Vellis, R. F. (2014). Ölçek geliştirme: Kuram ve uygulamalar (Ed.Tarık Totan). Nobel Yayıncılık.
  • Dittner A. J., Wessely S. C., ve Brown R. G. (2004). The assessment of fatigue: a practical guide for clinicians and researchers. J Psychosom Res, 56(2), 157-170.
  • Finsterer, J., ve Mahjoub, S. Z. (2014). Fatigue in healthy and diseased individuals. American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine, 31(5), 562-575.
  • George, D., ve Mallery, P. (2001). Spss for windows step by step: A simple guide and reference. Needham Heights: Allyn & Bacon.
  • Gorsuch, R. L. (1997). Exploratory factor analysis: Its role in item analysis. Journal of Personality Assessment, 68(3), 532-560.
  • Job, R. S., ve Dalziel, J. (2000). Defining fatigue as a condition of the organism and distinguishing it from habituation, adaptation, and boredom. In Stress, workload, and fatigue (pp. 466-476). CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/b12791
  • Jones, C. M., Griffiths, P. C., ve Mellalieu, S. D. (2017). Training load and fatigue marker associations with injury and illness: A systematic review of longitudinal studies. Sports medicine, 47(5), 943-974.
  • Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (3. Baskı). Guilford Press, 14, 1497-1513.
  • Knicker, A. J., Renshaw, I., Oldham, A. R. H., ve Cairns, S. P. (2011). Interactive processes link the multiplesymptoms of fatigue in sport competition. Sports Med, 41(4), 307-328.
  • Korotkova, A. K. (2006). The method of gas-discharge visualization of bioelectrography in researches of psychophysiological condition of qualified athletes. Doctoral Thesis, Spb Research Institute, Physical Culture, St. Petersburg.
  • Meeusen, R., Van Cutsem, J., ve Roelands, B. (2021). Endurance exercise‐induced and mental fatigue and the brain. Experimental Physiology, 106(12), 2294-2298.
  • Michielsen, H. J., De Vries, J., ve Van Heck, G. L. (2003). Psychometric qualities of a brief self-rated fatigue measure: The Fatigue Assessment Scale. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 54(4), 345-352.
  • Miller, N. L., Matsangas, P., ve Shattuck, L. G. (2018). Fatigue and its effect on performance in military environments. In Performance under stress (pp.247-266). CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315599946
  • O’Keeffe, K., Hodder, S., ve Lloyd, A. (2020). A comparison of methods used for inducing mental fatigue in performance research: Individualised, dual-task and short duration cognitive tests are most effective. Ergonomics, 63(1), 1-12.
  • Paul, R. H., Beatty, W. W., Schneider, R., Blanco, C. R., ve Hames, K. A. (1998). Cognitive and physical fatigue in multiple sclerosis: relations between self-report and objective performance. Applied neuropsychology, 5(3), 143-148.
  • Penner, I. K., Raselli, C., Stöcklin, M., Opwis, K., Kappos, L., ve Calabrese, P. (2009). The fatigue scale for motor and cognitive functions (FSMC): Validation of a new instrument to assess multiple sclerosis-related fatigue. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, 15(12), 1509-1517.
  • Scott, D. L., Khoshaba, B., Choy, E. H., ve Kingsley, G. (2007). Limited correlation between the health assessment questionnaire (HAQ) and euroqol in rheumatoid arthritis: questionable validity of deriving quality adjusted life years from haq. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 66(11), 1534-1537.
  • Signal, L., van den Berg, M., ve Gander, P. (2008, June). Sleep and psychomotor performance during commercial ultra-long-range flights. In FAA Fatigue Management Symposium: Partnerships for Solutions. Vienna, Austria: June (pp. 17-19).
  • Smets, E., Garssen, B., Bonke, B. D., ve De Haes, J. C. J. M. (1995). The Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI) psychometric qualities of an instrument to assess fatigue. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 39(3), 315-325.
  • Sümer, N. (2000). Yapısal eşitlik modelleri: Temel kavramlar ve örnek uygulamalar. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 3(6), 49-74. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2006-04302-005
  • Tavşancıl, E. (2006). Measuring attitudes and data analysis with Spss. Nobel Publishing and Distribution.
  • Tavşancıl, E. (2014).Tutumların ölçülmesi ve spss ile veri analizi (5. Baskı). Nobel Yayınevi.
  • Tezbaşaran, A. A. (2008). Likert tipi ölçek geliştirme kılavuzu (3. baskı). Türk Psikologları Derneği Yayınları.
  • Torres-Harding, S., Jason, L. A., Christodoulou, C., Johnson, S. K., ve Duntle, S. P. (2005). Fatigue as a window to the brain. In: DeLuca J, editor. A Bradford book. Cambridge, The MIT Press. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/2967.001.0001
  • Wascher, E., Rasch, B., Sanger, J., Hoffmann, S., Schneider, D., Rinkenauer, G., Heuer, H., ve Gutberlet, I. (2014). Frontal theta activity reflects distinct aspects of mental fatigue. Biol Psychol, 96, 57- 65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2013.11.010
  • Weinberg, R. S., ve Gould, D. (2019). Foundations of sport and exercise psychology, 7E. Human kinetics.
  • Yurtsever, S. (2000). Kronik hastalıklarda yorgunluk ve hemşirelik bakımı. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 4(1), 16-20.
Toplam 33 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Spor ve Egzersiz Psikolojisi, Egzersiz ve Spor Psikolojisi
Bölüm Arşiv
Yazarlar

Gönül Tekkurşun Demir 0000-0002-2451-5194

Halil İbrahim Cicioğlu 0000-0003-3905-6944

Yunus Emre Yarayan

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 28 Eylül 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Eylül 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 17 Aralık 2022
Kabul Tarihi 21 Ağustos 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Tekkurşun Demir, G., Cicioğlu, H. İ., & Yarayan, Y. E. (2023). Algılanan Fiziksel ve Bilişsel Yorgunluk Ölçeği’nin Geliştirilmesi (AFBYÖ): Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Akdeniz Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(3), 715-726. https://doi.org/10.38021/asbid.1220568

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