Elit Curling Sporcularına Uygulanan 12 Haftalık Direnç Antrenmanının Kassal Dayanıklılık Üzerine Etkisi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 835 - 847, 28.09.2023

Hasan Hüseyin Yılmaz , Kemalettin Seren , Gökhan Atasever

https://doi.org/10.38021/asbid.1295985

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 12 haftalık geleneksel direnç antrenmanı elit curling sporcularında total iş, relatif zirve iş ve zirve güç üzerindeki etkilerini karşılaştırmaktır. Araştırmanın katılımcı grubunu yirmi dört curling sporcusu oluşturmuştur. Katılımcılar, direnç antrenman grubu ve kontrol grubu olmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldı. Direnç antrenman grubu curling antrenmanlarına ek olarak haftada üç gün 12 hafta direnç antrenmanı yaparken, kontrol grubu sadece curling antrenmanlarına devam etmiştir. Tüm katılımcılar direnç antrenmanın öncesinde ve sonrasında sporcusunun 240-1/ms açısal hızda izokinetik ve vücut kompozisyonu testine alındı. Total iş ve zirve güç değerleri doğrudan izokinetik dinamometreden elde edildi ve relative zirve iş değerleri zirve iş değerleri vücut ağırlığına bölünerek hesaplandı. Total iş, relativ zirve iş ve zirve güç değişkenlerinde direnç antrenman grubu ile kontrol grubu arasındaki farklar, Bağımsız t testi kullanılarak belirlendi. Araştırmadan elde edilen veriler ortalama ve standart sapma olarak gösterildi. Direnç antrenman grubu kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek total iş, zirve güç ve relatif zirve iş değerleri elde etti (p < 0.05); ancak fleksiyon fazlarında total iş ve zirve güç çıktısı her iki gruptada ilk ve son testler arasında herhangi bir anlamlı farklılık göstermedi (p>0,05).

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kuvvet, sporcu, curling, kas

The Effect of 12-Week Traditional Resistance Training Applied to Elite Curling Athletes on Muscular Endurance

Öz

The purpose of this study was to compare effects of 12-weeks tradinational resistance training (TRT) on total work (TW), relative peak work (RPW) and peak power (PP) in elite national curlers. Twenty-four participants were included in the study. Subjects were separated into two gorup, resistance training group (RES) and control group (CON). While RES performed 12-week TRT in addiction to curling training, CON just performed curling training. All twenty-four national elite curling athletes performed a body composition test and isokinetic strength test at 240-1/ms angular speed pre and post TRT. TW and PP values were directly obtained from isokinetic dynamometer and RPW was calculated by dividing the peak work values by the body weight of the person. The differences between RES/CON and pre-post in TW, RPW and PP variables were determined using an analysis of variance with Independent T Test. The data obtained from the research were shown as mean and standard deviation. Higher TW, RPW, and PP outputs were generated in the RES in comparison with the CON exercise (p<0.05); but, flexion phases of TW and PP output were not significantly different in RES and CON groups at pre and post tests (p>0.05).

Anahtar Kelimeler

Strength, athlete, curling, muscle

Teşekkür

The data of this study were recorded at Atatürk University, Sports Sciences Application and Research Center. We thank for serving in its laboratories in measurement and evaluation.

Kaynakça

• Alcaraz, P. E., Perez Gomez, J., Chavarrias, M., & Blazevich, A. J. (2011). Similarity in adaptations to high resistance circuit vs. traditional strength training in resistance trained men. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 25(9), 2519-2527.
• Alcaraz, P. E., Sánchez Lorente, J., & Blazevich, A. J. (2008). Physical performance and cardiovascular responses to an acute bout of heavy resistance circuit training versus traditional strength training. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 22(3), 667-671.
• Auld, T., & Kivi, D. (2010). Heart rate recovery in competitive curlers after maximal effort sweeping. Bartolomei, S., Hoffman, J. R., Merni, F., & Stout, J. R. (2014). A comparison of traditional and block periodized strength training programs in trained athletes. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 28(4), 990-997.
• Behm, D. G. (2007). Periodized training program of the Canadian Olympic curling team. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 29(3), 24-31.
• Behringer, M., Vom Heede, A., Matthews, M., & Mester, J. (2011). Effects of strength training on motor performance skills in children and adolescents: a meta analysis. Pediatric Exercise Science, 23(2), 186-206.
• Bernardi, M., Carucci, S., Faiola, F., Egidi, F., Marini, C., Castellano, V., & Faina, M. (2012). Physical fitness evaluation of paralympic winter sports sitting athletes. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 22(1), 26-30.
• Berry, J. W., Romanick, M. A., & Koerber, S. M. (2013). Injury type and incidence among elite level curlers during world championship competition. Research in Sports Medicine, 21(2), 159-163.
• Bostancı, Ö., & Yılmaz, H. (2021). The Relationship Between Core Stabilization and Balance in The Curling Athletes. Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences, 15(10).
• Bradley, J. L. (2009). The sports science of curling: a practical review. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 8(4), 495.
• Buckingham, M. P., Marmo, B. A., & Blackford, J. R. (2006). Design and use of an instrumented curling brush. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications, 220(4), 199-205.
• Campos, G. E., Luecke, T. J., Wendeln, H. K., Toma, K., Hagerman, F. C., Murray, T. F., . . . Staron, R. S. (2002). Muscular adaptations in response to three different resistance training regimens: specificity of repetition maximum training zones. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 88, 50-60.
• Chang, Y. H., Chou, Y. C., Chang, Y. C., Tan, K. H., & Wu, M. H. (2022). The Effects of High Intensity Power Training versus Traditional Resistance Training on Exercise Performance. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(15), 9400.
• Chaouachi, A., Hammami, R., Kaabi, S., Chamari, K., Drinkwater, E. J., & Behm, D. G. (2014). Olympic weightlifting and plyometric training with children provides similar or greater performance improvements than traditional resistance training. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 28(6), 1483-1496.
• Collins, J., & Durand Bush, N. (2014). Strategies used by an elite curling coach to nurture athletes’ self regulation: A single case study. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 26(2), 211-224.
• Flueck, J. L. (2020). Body composition in swiss elite wheelchair athletes. Frontiers in Nutrition, 7, 1.
• George, D. (2011). SPSS for windows step by step: A simple study guide and reference, 17.0 update. 10/e: Pearson Education India.
• Hattori, K., Tokumoto, M., Kashiwazaki, K., & Maeno, N. (2016). High precision measurements of curling stone dynamics: Curl distance by digital image analysis. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology, 1754337116679061.
• Hegedus, E. J., Hardesty, K. W., Sunderland, K. L., Hegedus, R. J., & Smoliga, J. M. (2016). A randomized trial of traditional and golf specific resistance training in amateur female golfers: Benefits beyond golf performance. Physical Therapy in Sport, 22, 41-53.
• Issurin, V. B. (2010). New horizons for the methodology and physiology of training periodization. Sports Medicine, 40, 189-206.
• Kim, T. W., Lee, S. C., Kil, S. K., Choi, S. H., & Song, Y. G. (2021). A case study on curling stone and sweeping effect according to sweeping conditions. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(2), 833.
• Kraemer, E. (2009). Hip and knee positions during the curling delivery. Retrieved from https://minds.wisconsin.edu/handle/1793/46662
• Lee, S., Park, S., Kim, T., & Kil, S. (2019). Development of speed/trajectory measurement system using smart glasses for beginning or unskilled curlers. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P. Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology, 233(1), 145-159.
• MacDonald, C. J., Lamont, H. S., & Garner, J. C. (2012). A comparison of the effects of 6 weeks of traditional resistance training, plyometric training, and complex training on measures of strength and anthropometrics. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 26(2), 422-431.
• Marmo, B., Farrow, I., Buckingham, M., & Blackford, J. (2006). Frictional heat generated by sweeping in curling and its effect on ice friction. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L. Journal of Materials: Design and Applications, 220(4), 189-197.
• Maté Muñoz, J. L., Monroy, A. J. A., Jiménez, P. J., & Garnacho Castaño, M. V. (2014). Effects of instability versus traditional resistance training on strength, power and velocity in untrained men. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 13(3), 460.
• Mcweeny, D. K., Boule, N. G., Neto, J. H. F., & Kennedy, M. D. (2020). Effect of high intensity functional training and traditional resistance training on aerobic, anaerobic, and musculoskeletal fitness improvement. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 20(4), 1791-1802.
• Montalvo Pérez, A., Alejo, L. B., Valenzuela, P. L., Gil Cabrera, J., Talavera, E., Lucia, A., & Barranco Gil, D. (2021). Traditional versus velocity based resistance training in competitive female cyclists: a randomized controlled trial. Frontiers in Physiology, 52.
• Moro, T., Marcolin, G., Bianco, A., Bolzetta, F., Berton, L., Sergi, G., & Paoli, A. (2020). Effects of 6 weeks of traditional resistance training or high intensity interval resistance training on body composition, aerobic power and strength in healthy young subjects: A randomized parallel trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(11), 4093.
• Morris, S. J., Oliver, J. L., Pedley, J. S., Haff, G. G., & Lloyd, R. S. (2022). Comparison of weightlifting, traditional resistance training and plyometrics on strength, power and speed: a systematic review with meta analysis. Sports Medicine, 52(7), 1533-1554.
• Murton, J., Eager, R., & Drury, B. (2021). Comparison of flywheel versus traditional resistance training in elite academy male Rugby union players. Research in Sports Medicine, 1-14.
• Porcari, J., Bryant, C., & Comana, F. (2015). Exercise physiology. FA Davis.
• Reeser, J. C., & Berg, R. (2004). Self reported injury patterns among competitive curlers in the United States: a preliminary investigation into the epidemiology of curling injuries. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 38(5), e29-e29.
• Sam, C. T., Yılmaz, H. H., Yılmaz, O., & Demirel, N. (2021). The Relationship of Elite Curling Athletes' Static and Dynamic Balance Levels and Shooting Performances. Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences, 15(10).
• Schoenfeld, B. J. (2010). The mechanisms of muscle hypertrophy and their application to resistance training. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(10), 2857-2872.
• Shank V., Lajoie Y. (2013) Attentional demands in the execution phase of curling in novices and experts. International Journal of Kinesiology and Sports Science 1, 1-8.
• Soligon, S. D., da Silva, D. G., Bergamasco, J. G. A., Angleri, V., Júnior, R. A. M., Dias, N. F., . . . Libardi, C. A. (2020). Suspension training vs. traditional resistance training: effects on muscle mass, strength and functional performance in older adults. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 120, 2223-2232.
• Song, M., Zhao, Q., Du, C., Zhou, C., & Li, R. (2022). The relationship between the accuracy of curling athletes’ duration judgment and delivery performance. PeerJ, 10, e13541.
• Tomljanović, M., Spasić, M., Gabrilo, G., Uljević, O., & Foretić, N. (2011). Effects of five weeks of functional vs. traditional resistance training on anthropometric and motor performance variables. Kinesiology, 43(2), 145-154.
• Turriff, S. (2016). Curling: steps to success. Human Kinetics.
• Weeks, B. (2020). Curling for dummies. John Wiley & Sons.
• Westlund, N. K. (2012). Examining the relationships between imagery, sport motivation, and athletic identity in curling: The University of Western Ontario (Canada).
• Winwood, P. W., Cronin, J. B., Posthumus, L. R., Finlayson, S. J., Gill, N. D., & Keogh, J. W. (2015). Strongman vs. traditional resistance training effects on muscular function and performance. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 29(2), 429-439.
• World Curling Federation. (2023). What is the Curling? Retrieved from http://worldcurling.org/about/curling/
• Yanagi, H., Miyakoshi, K., & Yamamoto, N. (2013). Force measurement of sweeping on ice in curling. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 16, e76-e77.
• Yoo, K. S., Kim, H. K., & Park, J. H. (2012). A biomechanical assessment of the sliding motion of curling delivery in elite and subelite curlers. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 28(6), 694-700.
• Zabaleta-Korta, A., Fernández-Peña, E., & Santos-Concejero, J. (2020). Regional hypertrophy, the inhomogeneous muscle growth: A systematic review. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 42(5), 94-101.
• Zarezadeh Mehrizi, A., Aminai, M., & Amiri khorasani, M. (2013). Effects of traditional and cluster resistance training on explosive power in soccer players. Iran J Health Phys Act, 4(1), 51-56.