ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF TIME, CALENDER AND DIRECTION CONCEPTS IN THE EARLY EURASIAN NOMADS (PART 1)

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 8, 1 - 14, 01.08.2017

Hasret Elçin Kürşat Coşkun

Öz

The German sociologist Norbert Elias [1] is still not very well known in Turkey although he accomplished a remarkable synthesis of Freudian psychology, sociology and theory of state. According to Norbert Elias civilizational processes are directly interrelated with state-building processes. His paradigm is universally applicable because he tries to determine the structural peculiarity of social transformational processes through comparative method. In this article, I have tried to apply his civilizational model to the ancient nomads of Eurasia.
Central to his theory is his multilevelprocess modell which entails the following interdependent partial processes of social development. He calls these interdependent transformational processes triad of basic controls, which refers to the first three of the following processes:
1) The degree of control of individuals over their own emotions, affects and drives through the development of a super-ego which functions continuously, uniformly and encompasses all spheres of life. It is the outcome of the transformation of the psychic structure of humans with respect to the relationship between conscience and drive scope.
2) The degree of control over the nature, natural events, which stays in a direct relationship with the level of development of knowledge.
3) The state-building process, which means the attained level of monopolization of power and taxation through a central authority and its degree of control of groups–that is the distribution of power rates between intra-state groups (within the society).
4) Power rates between the states (or in pre-state periods between the units of political integration like tribes).
5) The level of development of lingual or other symbols which directly influences the way of thinking and feeling (e.g. science vs. myths and ideologies) of the capacity to a higher level of abstraction, of creating synthesis and of emotionally detached way of observing the world and the cosmos.

Anahtar Kelimeler

CIVILIZATIONAL THEORY, EARLY EURASIAN NOMADS, CALENDER AND DIRECTION CONCEPTS

Kaynakça

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