THE COMMON POINTS OF MACHIAVELLIANISM AND FASCISM

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 4, 152 - 162, 31.10.2021

Saman Hashemıpour

Öz

Makyavelci siyasi düşünce’nin Machiavelli’nin kişiliğiyle ilişkisi hakkında siyasi düşünürler arasında fikir birliği bulunmamaktadır. Bazı eleştirmenler Machiavelli’yi militarizmin, otoriterliğin ve pragmatizmin bir destekçisi olarak düşünürken, diğerleri onu gerçekçi, dürüst ve ulu bir toplumun savunucusu olarak nitelendirirler. Bu çalışma, Prens’te ifade edilen Makyavelist politik perspektifin etkilerini Hitler’in Kavgam’ta belirttiği ve yirminci yüzyılın totaliter okullarının önemli parçası olan Faşizme yansıtarak, damgaladığını tartışmaktadır. Böylece, asıl, faşist ilkelerinin kökeninin Makyavelizm’e dayanıp dayanmadığını araştırmaktadır. Hipotez, Makyavelci siyasi düşüncenin faşizm üzerindeki etkisini savunuyordur: Machiavelli’nin hegemonya, zorlama, propaganda, otoriter liderlik, sosyal aldatma, demokratikleşme, dinin kötüye kullanılması ve aşırı militarizm gibi düşünceleri, doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak Hitler’in dikkatini çektiği örneklendirilmiştir. Bu araştırma, betimsel-analitik kalıptan yararlanarak ve son çağın politika mitlerinin köklerini araştırarak, nitel içerik analiz yolu ile belirlenen soruya bilimsel bir yanıt bulmayı hedeflemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Prens, Faşizm, Makyavelci siyasi düşünce, Kavgam, Hitler, Politika

THE COMMON POINTS OF MACHIAVELLIANISM AND FASCISM

Öz

There is no consensus among political thinkers on Machiavellian political thought (Machiavellianism) and its relation to Machiavelli’s personality. Some critics consider Machiavelli as a supporter of militarism, authoritarianism, and pragmatism, and others find him a realist, expedient, and proponent of a lofty society. This study discusses the effects of the Machiavellian political perspective signified in The Prince and how it imprinted Hitler’s fragment of the totalitarian schools of the twentieth century, namely Fascism reflected in Mein Kampf. This study investigates whether the origins of the fascist principles are rooted in Machiavellianism or not? The hypothesis is the influence of Machiavellian thought on fascism. Machiavelli’s recommendations, such as hegemony, coercion, propaganda, authoritarian leadership, social deception, democratization, abuse of religion, and extreme militarism, attracted Hitler’s attention directly or indirectly. This research exploits the descriptive-analytical mold to come up with a scientific response to the specified question through qualitative content analysis via investigating the roots of the policy myths of the recent age.

Anahtar Kelimeler

The Prince, Fascism, Machiavellianism, Mein Kampf, Hitler, Politics

Kaynakça

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