Araştırma Makalesi
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CEO Kaynaklı Krizlerin Kurumsal İtibara Etkisi: Üst Düzey Yöneticilerin Kişisel Hatalarının Marka İmajı Üzerindeki Rolü Üzerine Analiz

Yıl 2025, Sayı: “MASS COMMUNICATION" SPECIAL ISSUE, 73 - 86

Öz

Bu çalışma, üst düzey yöneticilerin kişisel davranışlarının ve kararlarının kurumsal marka imajı üzerindeki etkisini incelemektedir. Günümüzde CEO’lar ve yöneticiler, sadece şirket politikalarının değil, aynı zamanda kurumun kamuoyundaki algısının da başlıca taşıyıcıları hâline gelmiştir. Bu nedenle bireysel hataların ya da tartışmalı söylemlerin şirketlerin itibarını ciddi şekilde etkileyebildiği bir dönemdeyiz.
Çalışmanın amacı, yöneticilerin neden olduğu kriz durumlarında kurumların nasıl bir halkla ilişkiler (PR) stratejisi izlediğini analiz ederek, bu stratejilerin etkili olup olmadığını değerlendirmektir. Bu kapsamda çalışma, farklı sektörlerden seçilen örnek vakalar üzerinden yürütülmüştür.
Araştırmada nitel yöntem kullanılmış; medya haberleri, sosyal medya paylaşımları ve kurumların resmi açıklamaları gibi ikincil veriler doğrultusunda vaka analizi yöntemi benimsenmiştir. Bulgular, krizlerin doğrudan şirketin kurumsal imajına zarar verebildiğini, özellikle zamanında ve şeffaf bir iletişim stratejisi yürütülmeyen durumlarda halkla ilişkiler çabalarının yetersiz kaldığını ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca, bazı durumlarda CEO'nun imajının marka kimliğiyle fazla özdeşleşmesinin, krizi daha da derinleştirdiği gözlemlenmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • BBC News. (2021, June 10). BrewDo Ex-Brewdog staff allege culture of fear at brewer. BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/business-57428258
  • Benoit, W. L. (1997). Image repair discourse and crisis communication. Public Relations Review, 23(2), 177–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0363-8111(97)90023-0
  • Berg, H., & Robb, D. (1992). Crisis Response: Inside Stories on Managing Image Under Siege. O’Reilly & Associates.
  • Beverland, M. B. (2005). Crafting brand authenticity: The case of luxury wines. Journal of Management Studies, 42(5), 1003–1029. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2005.00530.x
  • Brown, M. E., & Treviño, L. K. (2006). Ethical leadership: A review and future directions. The Leadership Quarterly, 17(6), 595-616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2006.10.004
  • Chang, S.-J. (2018). Sony vs. Samsung: The Inside Story of the Electronics Giants' Battle for Global Supremacy. Wiley.
  • Choe, S. H. (2017, August 25). Samsung Verdict Sends a Tough New Message to South Korea Inc. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/25/business/samsung-bribery-embezzlement-conviction-jay-lee-south-korea.html
  • Coombs, W. T. (2007). Ongoing Crisis Communication: Planning, Managing, and Responding. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
  • Coombs, W. T. (2014). The value of communication during a crisis: Insights from strategic communication research. Business Horizons, 57(2), 141–148.
  • Corkery, M., & Cowley, S. (2016, September 8). Wells Fargo fined for years of fraudulently opening accounts. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/09/business/dealbook/wells-fargo-fined-for-years-of-harm-to-customers.html
  • Fearn-Banks, K. (2016). Crisis Communications: A Casebook Approach (5th ed.). Routledge.
  • Financial Times. (2025, May 29). Tesla board considers something new - overseeing Musk. https://www.ft.com/content/35f3fd0e-c6cd-48fb-a062-5e79e4fe5ffa
  • Fombrun, C. J. (1996). Reputation: Realizing value from the corporate image. Harvard Business School Press.
  • Fowler, S. (2017, February 19). Reflecting on one very, very strange year at Uber. Susan Fowler Blog. https://www.susanjfowler.com/blog/2017/2/19/reflecting-on-one-very-strange-year-at-uber
  • Freeman, R. E. (2010). Strategic management: A stakeholder approach. Cambridge University Press.
  • Freeman, R. E., Harrison, J. S., Wicks, A. C., Parmar, B. L., & de Colle, S. (2010). Stakeholder Theory: The State of the Art. Cambridge University Press.
  • Gaines-Ross, L. (2003). CEO Capital: A Guide to Building CEO Reputation and Company Success. Wiley.
  • Gelles, D. (2017, June 21). Travis Kalanick resigns as Uber’s chief executive. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/21/technology/uber-travis-kalanick-final-hours.html
  • Gelles, D., & Kitroeff, N. (2019, October 29). Boeing Employees Mocked F.A.A. and ‘Clowns’ Who Designed 737 Max. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/09/business/boeing-737-messages.html
  • Goffman, E. (1959). The presentation of self in everyday life. Anchor Books.
  • Heath, R. L., & Johansen, W. (2018). The International Encyclopedia of Strategic Communication. Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture's Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions, and Organizations Across Nations. Sage Publications.
  • Isaac, M. (2017). Super Pumped: The Battle for Uber. W. W. Norton & Company.
  • Jennings, M. M. (2018). Business ethics: Case studies and selected readings (9th ed.). Cengage Learning.
  • Kantrowitz, A. (2020, May 5). How Microsoft kept its culture together remotely. OneZero. https://onezero.medium.com
  • Kernaghan, K. (2022). Ethical leadership and the limits of free speech in corporate communication. Business Ethics Quarterly, 32(3), 345-369. https://doi.org/10.1017/beq.2022.15
  • Kim, H. (2020). Corporate governance reform in South Korea: Lessons from the Samsung scandal. Journal of Business Ethics, 165(1), 1–18.
  • Kowalczyk, C. M., & Pounders, K. R. (2016). Transforming celebrities into brands: An agency perspective on celebrity endorsement. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 25(4), 333–341.
  • Lipman-Blumen, J. (2005). The Allure of Toxic Leaders: Why We Follow Destructive Bosses and Corrupt Politicians and How We Can Survive Them. Oxford University Press.
  • Mallin, C. A. (2018). Corporate governance (5th ed.). Oxford University Press.
  • Men, L. R., & Bowen, S. A. (2017). Excellence in internal communication management. Business Expert Press.
  • Orujov, U., & Gulmammadov, R. (2025). Dijital Dönemde Haberciliğin Yeniden Yapilandirilmasi: Sosyal Medya Platformlari Üzerine İnceleme. ASSAM Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi(26), 12-28. https://doi.org/10.58724/assam.1627255
  • Palazzo, G., Krings, F., & Hoffmann, A. (2012). Managing the political legitimacy of corporations: An introduction. Business Ethics Quarterly, 22(2), 203-224.
  • Punks With Purpose. (2021, June 9). An open letter to BrewDog. Retrieved from. https://www.punkswithpurpose.org/dearbrewdog/
  • Reuters. (2020, May 6). Samsung’s Jay Y. Lee apologizes over succession, labor issues. https://www.reuters.com/article/world/samsung-heir-lee-apologises-over-succession-wont-hand-control-to-children-idUSKBN22I0RH/
  • Scheiber, N. (2017, February 22). Inside Uber’s aggressive, unrestrained workplace culture. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/22/technology/uber-workplace-culture.html
  • Schein, E. H. (2010). Organizational culture and leadership (4th ed.). Jossey-Bass.
  • SEC (U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission). (2023). Investigation into CEO social media disclosures. Retrieved from https://www.sec.gov/news/press-release/2023-45
  • Suchman, M. C. (1995). Managing legitimacy: Strategic and institutional approaches. Academy of Management Review, 20(3), 571–610.
  • U.S. Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. (2017). Hearing on Wells Fargo’s fraudulent accounts. Retrieved from https://www.banking.senate.gov/hearings
  • Ulmer, R. R., Sellnow, T. L., & Seeger, M. W. (2018). Effective crisis communication: Moving from crisis to opportunity (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.
  • Wong, J. C. (2018, May 29). Starbucks closes 8,000 US stores for racial bias training. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/business/2018/may/29/starbucks-racial-bias-training-closes-stores

The Impact of CEO-Induced Crises on Corporate Reputation: An Analysis of the Role of Executive Misconduct in Shaping Brand Image

Yıl 2025, Sayı: “MASS COMMUNICATION" SPECIAL ISSUE, 73 - 86

Öz

This study examines the impact of senior executives’ personal behaviors and decisions on corporate brand image. Today, CEOs and executives are not only responsible for company policies but also serve as the primary representatives of their organizations in the public eye. As such, we are in an era where individual mistakes or controversial statements can significantly affect corporate reputation.
The aim of this study is to analyze the public relations (PR) strategies adopted by organizations in crisis situations caused by executives, and to evaluate the effectiveness of these strategies. In this context, the study is conducted through selected case studies from different sectors.
A qualitative method was employed in the research, and case study analysis was carried out based on secondary data such as media reports, social media posts, and official corporate statements. The findings reveal that such crises can directly damage the corporate image, and that public relations efforts often fall short, especially when timely and transparent communication strategies are not implemented. Furthermore, it was observed that in some cases, the over-identification of the CEO’s image with the brand identity exacerbated the crisis

Kaynakça

  • BBC News. (2021, June 10). BrewDo Ex-Brewdog staff allege culture of fear at brewer. BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/business-57428258
  • Benoit, W. L. (1997). Image repair discourse and crisis communication. Public Relations Review, 23(2), 177–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0363-8111(97)90023-0
  • Berg, H., & Robb, D. (1992). Crisis Response: Inside Stories on Managing Image Under Siege. O’Reilly & Associates.
  • Beverland, M. B. (2005). Crafting brand authenticity: The case of luxury wines. Journal of Management Studies, 42(5), 1003–1029. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2005.00530.x
  • Brown, M. E., & Treviño, L. K. (2006). Ethical leadership: A review and future directions. The Leadership Quarterly, 17(6), 595-616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2006.10.004
  • Chang, S.-J. (2018). Sony vs. Samsung: The Inside Story of the Electronics Giants' Battle for Global Supremacy. Wiley.
  • Choe, S. H. (2017, August 25). Samsung Verdict Sends a Tough New Message to South Korea Inc. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/25/business/samsung-bribery-embezzlement-conviction-jay-lee-south-korea.html
  • Coombs, W. T. (2007). Ongoing Crisis Communication: Planning, Managing, and Responding. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
  • Coombs, W. T. (2014). The value of communication during a crisis: Insights from strategic communication research. Business Horizons, 57(2), 141–148.
  • Corkery, M., & Cowley, S. (2016, September 8). Wells Fargo fined for years of fraudulently opening accounts. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/09/business/dealbook/wells-fargo-fined-for-years-of-harm-to-customers.html
  • Fearn-Banks, K. (2016). Crisis Communications: A Casebook Approach (5th ed.). Routledge.
  • Financial Times. (2025, May 29). Tesla board considers something new - overseeing Musk. https://www.ft.com/content/35f3fd0e-c6cd-48fb-a062-5e79e4fe5ffa
  • Fombrun, C. J. (1996). Reputation: Realizing value from the corporate image. Harvard Business School Press.
  • Fowler, S. (2017, February 19). Reflecting on one very, very strange year at Uber. Susan Fowler Blog. https://www.susanjfowler.com/blog/2017/2/19/reflecting-on-one-very-strange-year-at-uber
  • Freeman, R. E. (2010). Strategic management: A stakeholder approach. Cambridge University Press.
  • Freeman, R. E., Harrison, J. S., Wicks, A. C., Parmar, B. L., & de Colle, S. (2010). Stakeholder Theory: The State of the Art. Cambridge University Press.
  • Gaines-Ross, L. (2003). CEO Capital: A Guide to Building CEO Reputation and Company Success. Wiley.
  • Gelles, D. (2017, June 21). Travis Kalanick resigns as Uber’s chief executive. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/21/technology/uber-travis-kalanick-final-hours.html
  • Gelles, D., & Kitroeff, N. (2019, October 29). Boeing Employees Mocked F.A.A. and ‘Clowns’ Who Designed 737 Max. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/09/business/boeing-737-messages.html
  • Goffman, E. (1959). The presentation of self in everyday life. Anchor Books.
  • Heath, R. L., & Johansen, W. (2018). The International Encyclopedia of Strategic Communication. Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture's Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions, and Organizations Across Nations. Sage Publications.
  • Isaac, M. (2017). Super Pumped: The Battle for Uber. W. W. Norton & Company.
  • Jennings, M. M. (2018). Business ethics: Case studies and selected readings (9th ed.). Cengage Learning.
  • Kantrowitz, A. (2020, May 5). How Microsoft kept its culture together remotely. OneZero. https://onezero.medium.com
  • Kernaghan, K. (2022). Ethical leadership and the limits of free speech in corporate communication. Business Ethics Quarterly, 32(3), 345-369. https://doi.org/10.1017/beq.2022.15
  • Kim, H. (2020). Corporate governance reform in South Korea: Lessons from the Samsung scandal. Journal of Business Ethics, 165(1), 1–18.
  • Kowalczyk, C. M., & Pounders, K. R. (2016). Transforming celebrities into brands: An agency perspective on celebrity endorsement. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 25(4), 333–341.
  • Lipman-Blumen, J. (2005). The Allure of Toxic Leaders: Why We Follow Destructive Bosses and Corrupt Politicians and How We Can Survive Them. Oxford University Press.
  • Mallin, C. A. (2018). Corporate governance (5th ed.). Oxford University Press.
  • Men, L. R., & Bowen, S. A. (2017). Excellence in internal communication management. Business Expert Press.
  • Orujov, U., & Gulmammadov, R. (2025). Dijital Dönemde Haberciliğin Yeniden Yapilandirilmasi: Sosyal Medya Platformlari Üzerine İnceleme. ASSAM Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi(26), 12-28. https://doi.org/10.58724/assam.1627255
  • Palazzo, G., Krings, F., & Hoffmann, A. (2012). Managing the political legitimacy of corporations: An introduction. Business Ethics Quarterly, 22(2), 203-224.
  • Punks With Purpose. (2021, June 9). An open letter to BrewDog. Retrieved from. https://www.punkswithpurpose.org/dearbrewdog/
  • Reuters. (2020, May 6). Samsung’s Jay Y. Lee apologizes over succession, labor issues. https://www.reuters.com/article/world/samsung-heir-lee-apologises-over-succession-wont-hand-control-to-children-idUSKBN22I0RH/
  • Scheiber, N. (2017, February 22). Inside Uber’s aggressive, unrestrained workplace culture. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/22/technology/uber-workplace-culture.html
  • Schein, E. H. (2010). Organizational culture and leadership (4th ed.). Jossey-Bass.
  • SEC (U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission). (2023). Investigation into CEO social media disclosures. Retrieved from https://www.sec.gov/news/press-release/2023-45
  • Suchman, M. C. (1995). Managing legitimacy: Strategic and institutional approaches. Academy of Management Review, 20(3), 571–610.
  • U.S. Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. (2017). Hearing on Wells Fargo’s fraudulent accounts. Retrieved from https://www.banking.senate.gov/hearings
  • Ulmer, R. R., Sellnow, T. L., & Seeger, M. W. (2018). Effective crisis communication: Moving from crisis to opportunity (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.
  • Wong, J. C. (2018, May 29). Starbucks closes 8,000 US stores for racial bias training. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/business/2018/may/29/starbucks-racial-bias-training-closes-stores

Yıl 2025, Sayı: “MASS COMMUNICATION" SPECIAL ISSUE, 73 - 86

Öz

Kaynakça

  • BBC News. (2021, June 10). BrewDo Ex-Brewdog staff allege culture of fear at brewer. BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/business-57428258
  • Benoit, W. L. (1997). Image repair discourse and crisis communication. Public Relations Review, 23(2), 177–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0363-8111(97)90023-0
  • Berg, H., & Robb, D. (1992). Crisis Response: Inside Stories on Managing Image Under Siege. O’Reilly & Associates.
  • Beverland, M. B. (2005). Crafting brand authenticity: The case of luxury wines. Journal of Management Studies, 42(5), 1003–1029. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2005.00530.x
  • Brown, M. E., & Treviño, L. K. (2006). Ethical leadership: A review and future directions. The Leadership Quarterly, 17(6), 595-616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2006.10.004
  • Chang, S.-J. (2018). Sony vs. Samsung: The Inside Story of the Electronics Giants' Battle for Global Supremacy. Wiley.
  • Choe, S. H. (2017, August 25). Samsung Verdict Sends a Tough New Message to South Korea Inc. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/25/business/samsung-bribery-embezzlement-conviction-jay-lee-south-korea.html
  • Coombs, W. T. (2007). Ongoing Crisis Communication: Planning, Managing, and Responding. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
  • Coombs, W. T. (2014). The value of communication during a crisis: Insights from strategic communication research. Business Horizons, 57(2), 141–148.
  • Corkery, M., & Cowley, S. (2016, September 8). Wells Fargo fined for years of fraudulently opening accounts. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/09/business/dealbook/wells-fargo-fined-for-years-of-harm-to-customers.html
  • Fearn-Banks, K. (2016). Crisis Communications: A Casebook Approach (5th ed.). Routledge.
  • Financial Times. (2025, May 29). Tesla board considers something new - overseeing Musk. https://www.ft.com/content/35f3fd0e-c6cd-48fb-a062-5e79e4fe5ffa
  • Fombrun, C. J. (1996). Reputation: Realizing value from the corporate image. Harvard Business School Press.
  • Fowler, S. (2017, February 19). Reflecting on one very, very strange year at Uber. Susan Fowler Blog. https://www.susanjfowler.com/blog/2017/2/19/reflecting-on-one-very-strange-year-at-uber
  • Freeman, R. E. (2010). Strategic management: A stakeholder approach. Cambridge University Press.
  • Freeman, R. E., Harrison, J. S., Wicks, A. C., Parmar, B. L., & de Colle, S. (2010). Stakeholder Theory: The State of the Art. Cambridge University Press.
  • Gaines-Ross, L. (2003). CEO Capital: A Guide to Building CEO Reputation and Company Success. Wiley.
  • Gelles, D. (2017, June 21). Travis Kalanick resigns as Uber’s chief executive. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/21/technology/uber-travis-kalanick-final-hours.html
  • Gelles, D., & Kitroeff, N. (2019, October 29). Boeing Employees Mocked F.A.A. and ‘Clowns’ Who Designed 737 Max. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/09/business/boeing-737-messages.html
  • Goffman, E. (1959). The presentation of self in everyday life. Anchor Books.
  • Heath, R. L., & Johansen, W. (2018). The International Encyclopedia of Strategic Communication. Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture's Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions, and Organizations Across Nations. Sage Publications.
  • Isaac, M. (2017). Super Pumped: The Battle for Uber. W. W. Norton & Company.
  • Jennings, M. M. (2018). Business ethics: Case studies and selected readings (9th ed.). Cengage Learning.
  • Kantrowitz, A. (2020, May 5). How Microsoft kept its culture together remotely. OneZero. https://onezero.medium.com
  • Kernaghan, K. (2022). Ethical leadership and the limits of free speech in corporate communication. Business Ethics Quarterly, 32(3), 345-369. https://doi.org/10.1017/beq.2022.15
  • Kim, H. (2020). Corporate governance reform in South Korea: Lessons from the Samsung scandal. Journal of Business Ethics, 165(1), 1–18.
  • Kowalczyk, C. M., & Pounders, K. R. (2016). Transforming celebrities into brands: An agency perspective on celebrity endorsement. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 25(4), 333–341.
  • Lipman-Blumen, J. (2005). The Allure of Toxic Leaders: Why We Follow Destructive Bosses and Corrupt Politicians and How We Can Survive Them. Oxford University Press.
  • Mallin, C. A. (2018). Corporate governance (5th ed.). Oxford University Press.
  • Men, L. R., & Bowen, S. A. (2017). Excellence in internal communication management. Business Expert Press.
  • Orujov, U., & Gulmammadov, R. (2025). Dijital Dönemde Haberciliğin Yeniden Yapilandirilmasi: Sosyal Medya Platformlari Üzerine İnceleme. ASSAM Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi(26), 12-28. https://doi.org/10.58724/assam.1627255
  • Palazzo, G., Krings, F., & Hoffmann, A. (2012). Managing the political legitimacy of corporations: An introduction. Business Ethics Quarterly, 22(2), 203-224.
  • Punks With Purpose. (2021, June 9). An open letter to BrewDog. Retrieved from. https://www.punkswithpurpose.org/dearbrewdog/
  • Reuters. (2020, May 6). Samsung’s Jay Y. Lee apologizes over succession, labor issues. https://www.reuters.com/article/world/samsung-heir-lee-apologises-over-succession-wont-hand-control-to-children-idUSKBN22I0RH/
  • Scheiber, N. (2017, February 22). Inside Uber’s aggressive, unrestrained workplace culture. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/22/technology/uber-workplace-culture.html
  • Schein, E. H. (2010). Organizational culture and leadership (4th ed.). Jossey-Bass.
  • SEC (U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission). (2023). Investigation into CEO social media disclosures. Retrieved from https://www.sec.gov/news/press-release/2023-45
  • Suchman, M. C. (1995). Managing legitimacy: Strategic and institutional approaches. Academy of Management Review, 20(3), 571–610.
  • U.S. Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. (2017). Hearing on Wells Fargo’s fraudulent accounts. Retrieved from https://www.banking.senate.gov/hearings
  • Ulmer, R. R., Sellnow, T. L., & Seeger, M. W. (2018). Effective crisis communication: Moving from crisis to opportunity (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.
  • Wong, J. C. (2018, May 29). Starbucks closes 8,000 US stores for racial bias training. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/business/2018/may/29/starbucks-racial-bias-training-closes-stores
Toplam 42 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Siyasal İletişim
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Khalil Guliyev 0009-0000-6430-7026

Gönderilme Tarihi 6 Ekim 2025
Kabul Tarihi 6 Aralık 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Sayı: “MASS COMMUNICATION" SPECIAL ISSUE

Kaynak Göster

APA Guliyev, K. (t.y.). The Impact of CEO-Induced Crises on Corporate Reputation: An Analysis of the Role of Executive Misconduct in Shaping Brand Image. ASSAM Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi(“MASS COMMUNICATION" SPECIAL ISSUE), 73-86. https://doi.org/10.58724/assam.1798035

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