Türkiye’de Turizm ve Karbondioksit Salımı Arasındaki İlişki: Rals-Engle ve Granger Eşbütünleşme Yaklaşımı

Öz

Turizm sektöründeki son gelişmeler ve ev sahibi ülkeye gelen turist sayısının artması, yalnızca ev sahibi ülke ekonomisine katkıda bulunmakla kalmamakta, aynı zamanda çevre kirliliğine de neden olmaktadır. Ev sahibi ülkeye gelen turistlerin çevre kirliliği üzerindeki etkisi, son yıllarda araştırmacılar tarafından incelenmeye başlanmıştır. Bu nedenle, bu çalışmada turist sayısı ve CO2 salımı arasındaki ilişkilerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Kalıntılarla Genişletilmiş EKK-Engle ve Granger eşbütünleşme testi, 1980-2014 dönemi için yıllık veriler kullanılarak uygulanmıştır. Eş-bütünleşme testinin sonuçları, turist sayısı ve CO2 salımı arasında eş-bütünleşme ilişkisinin olduğunu göstermiştir. Öte yandan, hata düzeltme modeline dayanan nedensellik testi sonuçlarına göre, turist sayısı ve CO2 salımı arasında çift yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir. Bu ampirik bulguların önemi, turist sayısının CO2 salım miktarını artırması ve Türkiye'de çevre kirliliğine neden olmasıdır. Sonuçta çalışma, daha temiz bir çevrenin sürdürülebilir turizm uygulamalarını desteklediğini öne sürmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Turizm,CO2 salımı,RALS Engle-Granger Eşbütünleşme,Çevre kirliliği,Türkiye

The Relationship between Tourism and Carbon Dioxide Emission in Turkey: Rals-Engle and Granger Cointegration Approach

Öz

The recent developments in the tourism sector and the increasing number of tourists arriving to the host country not only contribute to host country's economy but also cause the environmental pollution. The impact on environmental pollution of tourists arriving to the host country has been started to be investigate by the researchers in the recent decades. Hence it has been aimed to determine on the relations between number of tourists and the CO2 emission in this study. The Residual Augmented OLS-Engle and Granger Cointegration test has been employed by using annual data for the period 1980-2014. The results of the cointegration test have indicated that there is cointegration relationship between number of tourists and CO2 emission. On the other hand, a bidirectional causality relationship has detected between number of tourists and CO2 emission according to the results of causality test based on the error correction model. The significance of these empirical findings has been that number of tourists increases the amount of CO2 emission and causes environmental pollution in Turkey. Overall the paper suggests that a cleaner environment supports sustainable tourism practices.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tourism,CO2 emission,RALS Engle-Granger Cointegration,Environmental pollution,Turkey

Kaynakça

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