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From Voluntary to Compulsory Population Exchange, Ethnic Tensions in Turkish-Greek Relations (1914-1923): A Case Study of İzmir

Cilt: 7 Sayı: 11 31 Aralık 2024
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From Voluntary to Compulsory Population Exchange, Ethnic Tensions in Turkish-Greek Relations (1914-1923): A Case Study of İzmir

Öz

The aim of this study is to comparatively analyze the similarities and differences between the 1914 Voluntary Population Exchange Agreement and the 1923 Compulsory Population Exchange Agreement within the framework of the historical, political, and social dynamics underlying these processes. By exploring the roots of the ethnic crisis between Türkiye and Greece, the study focuses on the reasons that led the parties to implement population exchanges. It examines the issue in the context of developments such as the Aegean Islands Question, the invasion of Izmir, and the Turkish War of Independence. In this context, the study evaluates not only the diplomatic dimensions of the two population exchange agreements but also their impacts on local populations, the roles of international actors, and the consequences for ethnic communities. Adopting a holistic approach, the research aims to assess the lasting effects of these processes on Turkish-Greek relations and to understand the role of the exchanges in regional stability and nation-state building. This analysis provides a deep exploration of historical events while also offering a foundation for understanding the key turning points and fractures in Turkish-Greek relations that persist to the present day. The study aims to analyze the relevant processes from an Izmir-centered perspective. Izmir was not only a place where political and ethnic conflicts took place, but also held great significance as the setting where these processes escalated into war, the war came to an end, and a final resolution to the issue of population exchange was reached.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. Başkanlık Osmanlı Arşivi, (BOA), İstanbul, Türkiye.
  2. Istorikon Arxeion Ipourgiou Eksoterikon tis Ellados, AYE/1914-Diogmoi Ellinon stin Tourkia, Tragiki Katastasi Imeron sti M. Asia kai Traki. Ege Sorunu Belgeler, Haz. Şimşir, Bilal, Cilt II (1913-1914), TTK Yayınları, Ankara, 1989.
  3. British Documents on the Origins of the War (1898-1914), Vol. 10/1: The Near and Middle East on the Eve of War, G.P Gooch, and Temperley, H. (eds), HMSO, London, 1936.
  4. Ahmad, Feroz, The Young Turks and the Ottoman Nationalities: Armenians, Greeks, Albanians, Jews, and Araps, 1908-1918, The University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City, 2014. Ağanoğlu, H. Yıldırım Osmanlı’dan Cumhuriyete Balkanlar’ın Makus Talihi Göç, Kum Saati Yayınları, İstanbul, 2001. Arı, Kemal, Büyük Mübadele, Türkiye’ye Zorunlu Göç (1923-1925), Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yayınları, 3. Baskı, İstanbul, Mart 2023.
  5. Armaoğlu, Fahir, 19.Yüzyıl Siyasî Tarihi (1789-1914), Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları, Ankara, 1997. Canakaris, Vasilis I., Smirni, 1919-1922, Metaizmio, 2019.
  6. Cemal Paşa, Hatıralar: İttihat ve Terakki, I. Dünya Savaşı Anıları, haz. Alpay Kabacalı, Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları, İstanbul, 2001. Çakmak, Zafer, İzmir ve Çevresinde Yunan İşgali ve Rum Mezalimi, Yeditepe Yayınevi, İstanbul, 2007.
  7. Dündar, Fuat, İttihat ve Terakki’nin Müslümanları İskân Politikası 1913-1918, İletişim, İstanbul, 2002. Evans, Stanley, G. A Short History of Bulgaria, Lawrence&Wishart LTD, London, 1960.
  8. Howard, Harry N. The Partition of Türkiye, Norman, University of Oklohoma Press, 1931.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Uluslararası İlişkiler (Diğer), Çağdaş Balkan Tarihi

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

31 Aralık 2024

Gönderilme Tarihi

2 Aralık 2024

Kabul Tarihi

30 Aralık 2024

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2024 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 11

Kaynak Göster

APA
Yellice, G. (2024). From Voluntary to Compulsory Population Exchange, Ethnic Tensions in Turkish-Greek Relations (1914-1923): A Case Study of İzmir. Akademik Tarih ve Araştırmalar Dergisi, 7(11), 4-44. https://doi.org/10.56448/ataddergi.1595217
AMA
1.Yellice G. From Voluntary to Compulsory Population Exchange, Ethnic Tensions in Turkish-Greek Relations (1914-1923): A Case Study of İzmir. ATAD. 2024;7(11):4-44. doi:10.56448/ataddergi.1595217
Chicago
Yellice, Gürhan. 2024. “From Voluntary to Compulsory Population Exchange, Ethnic Tensions in Turkish-Greek Relations (1914-1923): A Case Study of İzmir”. Akademik Tarih ve Araştırmalar Dergisi 7 (11): 4-44. https://doi.org/10.56448/ataddergi.1595217.
EndNote
Yellice G (01 Aralık 2024) From Voluntary to Compulsory Population Exchange, Ethnic Tensions in Turkish-Greek Relations (1914-1923): A Case Study of İzmir. Akademik Tarih ve Araştırmalar Dergisi 7 11 4–44.
IEEE
[1]G. Yellice, “From Voluntary to Compulsory Population Exchange, Ethnic Tensions in Turkish-Greek Relations (1914-1923): A Case Study of İzmir”, ATAD, c. 7, sy 11, ss. 4–44, Ara. 2024, doi: 10.56448/ataddergi.1595217.
ISNAD
Yellice, Gürhan. “From Voluntary to Compulsory Population Exchange, Ethnic Tensions in Turkish-Greek Relations (1914-1923): A Case Study of İzmir”. Akademik Tarih ve Araştırmalar Dergisi 7/11 (01 Aralık 2024): 4-44. https://doi.org/10.56448/ataddergi.1595217.
JAMA
1.Yellice G. From Voluntary to Compulsory Population Exchange, Ethnic Tensions in Turkish-Greek Relations (1914-1923): A Case Study of İzmir. ATAD. 2024;7:4–44.
MLA
Yellice, Gürhan. “From Voluntary to Compulsory Population Exchange, Ethnic Tensions in Turkish-Greek Relations (1914-1923): A Case Study of İzmir”. Akademik Tarih ve Araştırmalar Dergisi, c. 7, sy 11, Aralık 2024, ss. 4-44, doi:10.56448/ataddergi.1595217.
Vancouver
1.Gürhan Yellice. From Voluntary to Compulsory Population Exchange, Ethnic Tensions in Turkish-Greek Relations (1914-1923): A Case Study of İzmir. ATAD. 01 Aralık 2024;7(11):4-44. doi:10.56448/ataddergi.1595217

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