MÜLTECİ VE GÖÇMEN KADINLARDA KADIN SAĞLIĞI SORUNLARI

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 55 - 69, 31.12.2020

Meryem Öngen , Nurcan Kırca

Öz

Mülteci ve göçmen kadınlar göç sırasında baskı, fiziksel ve cinsel şiddet ve yaşamı tehdit eden durumlar olmak üzere çok sayıda travmaya maruz kalabilirler. Göç sonrasında ise, dil engeli, barınma, beslenme, eğitim, iş bulma, sağlık kurumlarına ve tıbbi tedavilere erişimin kısıtlı olması, sağlık sigortasının bulunmaması, cinsel sağlık taramaları ve aile planlaması yöntemleri ile ilgili bilgi eksikliği ve olumsuz tutumlar, istenmeyen gebelikler, güvenli olmayan küretaj ve cinsel yolla bulaşan hastalıklar gibi nedenlere bağlı olarak da sağlık açısından risk altında olan gruplar arasındadırlar. Ayrıca ataerkil değerler, kültürel ve bireysel tabular üreme sağlığı, cinsel sağlık ve ana-çocuk sağlığı konularında sağlık okuryazarlığını ve edinilen bilgileri davranışa dönüştürebilmeyi olumsuz olarak etkileyebilmektedir. Bu sebeple, hemşirelerin ve diğer sağlık profesyonellerinin, mülteci ve göçmen kadınlarda kadın sağlığı, üreme sağlığı ve cinsel sağlık konularını dikkatli bir şekilde ele almaları ve hasta ilişkilerini kadınların cinsel ve üreme sağlığı ihtiyaçlarını karşılamalarına imkân verecek şekilde yönetme becerisine sahip olmaları gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Göçmen, kadın, mülteci, sağlık sorunları

WOMEN'S HEALTH ISSUES IN REFUGEE AND MIGRANT WOMEN

Öz

Refugee and migrant women can be subjected to a number of traumas during migration, including coercion, physical and sexual violence, and life-threatening situations. After migration, they are also among the groups at risk in terms of health due to reasons such as language barrier, accommodation, nutrition, education, employment, limited access to health institutions and medical treatments, lack of health insurance, lack of information and negaitve attitudes about sexual health screening and family planning methods, unwanted pregnancy, unsafe abortion and sexually transmitted diseases. In addition, patriarchal values, cultural and individual taboos can negatively affect health literacy on reproductive health, sexual health and maternal and child health and the ability to transform the acquired knowledge into behavior. Therefore, nurses and other healthcare professionals need to carefully address women's health, reproductive health and sexual health issues in refugee and migrant women, and have the ability to manage patient relationships in a way that enables them to meet women's sexual and reproductive health needs.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Immigrant, women, refugee, health problems

Kaynakça

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