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EFFECTS OF OVER THE COUNTER BLEACHING PRODUCTS (OTC) ON THE COLOR, MICROHARDNESS, SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND MORPHOLOGY OF THE YOUNG PERMANENT TEETH ENAMEL

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 29 Sayı: 1, 33 - 43, 15.01.2019
https://doi.org/10.17567/ataunidfd.522643

Öz

Aim: Esthetically unsatisfied young individuals can access self-applicable teeth whitening products (over the counter-OTC) from the supermarkets, pharmacies or on the internet easily. Effects of uncontrolled application of whitening products on the enamel surfaces of young permanent teeth is unknown. In this study, it is aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and impact of some different individual self-applicable teeth whitening products on young permanent teeth as an in vitro activity. Material and Methods: Eighty-four young permanent teeth extracted for orthodontic treatment, were randomly distributed into 7 groups. Seven different OTC teeth whitening products; E-Bright Light Accelerated Teeth Whitening SystemTM, Luster 1 Hour WhiteTM, White Light Teeth Whitening SystemTM, WhitedentTM, Crest 3D White WhitestripsTM, Purewhite Whitening TraysTM, Spray White 90TM, applied to tooth groups according to the manufacturers’ recommended application procedures. Color, enamel microhardness, surface roughness and morphology were evaluated before bleaching, after bleaching and after thermal cycling. Obtained data were statistically assessed. Results: All of the OTC products were capable of whitening the teeth. It is seen that OTC products do not have any long-term negative impact on microhardness of enamel(p>0.05). Surface roughness increased after bleaching in Pure White Whitening TraysTM group, changes in roughness in the other groups were not statistically significant(p>0.05). Overall, it is observed that surface roughness increased after the aging process and considering the results of SEM, none of the groups had enough corruption on the morphology of the enamel to expose enamel prisms. Conclusion: We concluded that the products used in this study caused minimal changes on enamel surfaces of young permanent teeth and usage of Crest 3D White WhitestripsTM can be safer than other studied products.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Croll T, Donly KJ. Tooth bleaching in children and teens. J Esthet Restor Dent 2014;26:147–50.
  • 2. Shulman JD, Maupome G, Clark DC, Levy SM. Perceptions of desirable tooth color among parents, dentists and children. J Am Dent Assoc 2004;135:595-604.
  • 3. Azodo CC, OgbomoAC, Agbor MA.Tooth bleaching and young adults in Nigeria: knowledge, experiences and intention. Odontostomatol Trop 2012; 35:47-54.
  • 4. Bacaksiz A, Tulunoglu O, Tulunoglu I. Efficacy and stability of two in-office bleaching agents inadolescents: 12 months follow-up. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;40:269-73.
  • 5. Gontijo IT, Navarro RS, Ciamponi AL, Miyakawa W, Zezell DM. Color and surface temperature variation during bleaching in human devitalized primary teeth: an in vitro study. J Dent Child (Chic) 2008;75:229-34.
  • 6. Pinto MM, de Godoy CH, Bortoletto CC, Olivan SR, Motta LJ, Altavista OM, Lumi K, Sobral AP, Bussadori SK. Tooth whitening with hydrogen peroxide in adolescents: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2014; 15:395-400.
  • 7. Lee SS, Zhang W, Lee DH, Li Y. Tooth whitening in children and adolescents: a literature review. Pediatr Dent 2005;27:362-8.
  • 8. Demarco FF, Masotti AS. Over-the-counter whitening agents: a concise review. Braz Oral Res 2009;23:64- 70.
  • 9. Auschill TM, Schneider-Del Savio T, Hellwig E, Arweiler NB. Randomized clinical trial of the efficacy, tolerability, and long-term color stability of two bleaching techniques: 18-month follow-up. Quintessence Int 2012;43:683-94.
  • 10. Zantner C, Derdilopoulou F, Martus P, Kielbassa AM. Randomized clinical trial on the efficacy of 2 over-the-counter whitening systems. Quintessence Int 2006;37:695-706.
  • 11. Donly KJ. The Adolescent Patient: Special whitening challenges. Compend Contin Educ Dent 2003;24:390–6.
  • 12. Donly KJ. Tooth Whitening in Children and Adolescents. J Esthet Restor Dent 2005;17:380–3.
  • 13. Donly KJ, Donly AS, Baharloo L, Rojas-Candelas E, Garcia-Godoy F, Zhou X, Gerlach RW. Tooth whitening ın children. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2002;23:22–8.
  • 14. Donly KJ, Gerlach RW. Clinical Trials on the Use of Whitening Strips in Children and Adolescents. Gen Dent 2002;50:242–5.
  • 15. Donly KJ, Kennedy PA, Segura A, Gerlach RW. Effectiveness and safety of tooth bleaching in teenagers. Pediatr Dent 2005;27:298–302.
  • 16. Donly KJ, Segura A, Henson T, Barker ML, Gerlach RW. Randomized controlled trial of professional at-home tooth whitening in teenagers. Gen Dent 2007;55:669-74.
  • 17. Brooks JK. Chemical burn to the gingiva after misuse of an over-the-counter oral whitening mouthwash. Gen Dent 2017;65:34-36.
  • 18. Brambert P, Qian F, Kwon SR. Erosion potential of tooth whitening regimena as evaluated with polarized light microscopy. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):921-5.
  • 19. Cura M, Fuentes MV, Ceballos L. Effect of low-concentration bleaching products on enamel bond strength at different elapsed times at different elapsed times after bleaching treatment. Dent Mater J 2015;34:203-10.
  • 20. Preetha A, Banerjee R. Comparison of artificial saliva substitutes. trends Biomater 2005;18:178-86.
  • 21. Turgut S, Bağış B. Diş hekimliğinde renk ve renk ölçüm yöntemleri. Atatürk Üniv Diş Hek Fak Derg 2012;22:65-75.
  • 22. Gerlach R W, Zhou X. Vital bleaching with whitening strips: summary of clinical research on effectiveness and tolerability. J Contemp Dent Pract 2001;2:1-16.
  • 23. Simon JF, Powell L, Hollis S, Anastasia MK, Gerlach RW, Farrell S. Placebo-controlled clinical trial evaluating 9.5% hydrogen peroxide high-adhesion whitening strips. J Clin Dent 2014;25:49-52.
  • 24. Carey CM. Tooth whitening:what we now know. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2014;14:70-76.
  • 25. Delfino CS, Chinelatti MA, Carrasco-Guerisoli LD, Batista AR, Fröner IC, Palma-Dibb RG. Effectiveness of home bleaching agents in discolored teeth and influence on enamel microhardness. J Appl Oral Sci 2009;17:284-8.
  • 26. Borges AB, Zanatta RF, Barros AC, Silva LC, Pucci CR, Torres CR. Effect of hydrogen peroxide concentration on enamel color and microhardness. Oper Dent 2015;40:96-101.
  • 27. Smith A, Feuerstein O, Topel M. Mechanical, morphologic, and chemical effects of carbamide peroxide bleaching agents on human enamel in situ. Quintessence Int 2011;42:407-12.
  • 28. Zantner C, Beheim-Schwarzbach N, Neumann K, Kielbassa AM. Surface microhardness of enamel after different home bleaching procedures. Dent Mater 2007;23:243-50.
  • 29. Azer SS, Machado C, Sanchez E, Rashid R. Effect of home bleaching systems on enamel nanohardness and elastic modulus. J Dent 2009;37:185-90.
  • 30. Cavalli V, Arrais CA, Giannini M, Ambrosano GM. High-concentrated carbamide peroxide bleaching agents effects on enamel surface. J Oral Rehabil 2004;31:155-9.
  • 31. Cadenaro M, Breschi L, Nucci C, Antoniolli F, Visintini E, Prati C, Matis BA, Di Lenarda R. Effect of two in-office whitening agents on the enamel surface in vivo: a morphological and non-contact profilometric study. Oper Dent 2008;33:127-34.
  • 32. Sydney GB, Barletta FB, Sydney RB. In vitro analysis of effect of heat used in dental bleaching on human dental enamel. Braz Dent J 2002;13:166-9.
  • 33-Gale MS, Darwell BW. Thermal cycling procedures for laboratory testing of dental restorations. J Dent 1999;27:89-99.
  • 34. Akal N, Over H, Olmez A, Bodur H. Effects of carbamide peroxide containing bleaching agents on the morphology and subsurface hardness of enamel. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2001;25:293-6.
  • 35. Pinto CF, Oliveira R, Cavalli V, Giannini M. Peroxide bleaching agent effects on enamel surface microhardness, roughness and morphology. Braz Oral Res 2004;18:306-11.
  • 36. Braun A, Jepsen S, Krause F. Spectrophotometric and visual evaluation of vital tooth bleaching employing different carbamide peroxide concentrations. Dent Mater 2007;23:165-9.
  • 37. Kielbassa AM, Beheim-Schwarzbach NJ, Neumann K, Nat R, Zantner C. In vitro comparison of visual and computer-aided pre- and post-tooth shade determination using various home bleaching procedures. J Prosthet Dent 2009;101:92-100.
  • 38. Lath DL, Wildgoose DG, Guan YH, Lilley TH, Smith RN,Brook AH. A digital image analysis system for the assessment of tooth whiteness compared to visual shade matching. J Clin Dent 2007;18:17-20.
  • 39. Keyf F,Uzun G, Altunsoy S. Diş hekimliğinde renk seçimi. Hacettepe Üni Diş Hek Fak Derg 2009;33:52-8.
  • 40. Dietschi D, Rossier S, Krejci I. In vitro colorimetric evaluation of the efficacy of various bleaching methods and products. Quintessence Int 2006;37:515-26.
  • 41. Meireles SS, Fontes ST, Coimbra LA, Della Bona A, Demarco FF. Effectiveness of different carbamide peroxide concentrations used for tooth bleaching: an in vitro study. J Appl Oral Sci 2012;20:186-91.
  • 42. Mielczarek A, Klukowska M, Ganowicz M, Kwiatkowska A, Kwasny M. The effect of strip, tray and office peroxide bleaching systems on enamel surfaces in vitro. Dent Mater 2008;24:1495-500.
  • 43. Grobler SR, Majeed A, Hayward R, Rossouw RJ, Moola MH, van W Kotze TJ. A clinical study of the effectiveness of two different 10% carbamide peroxide bleaching products: a 6-month followup. Int J Dent 2011:167525.

DİŞ HEKİMİ KONTROLÜNDE OLMAYAN (OTC) BEYAZLATMA ÜRÜNLERİNİN GENÇ DAİMİ DİŞ MİNESİNİN RENK, MİKROSERTLİK, YÜZEY PÜRÜZLÜLÜĞÜ VE MORFOLOJİSİNE ETKİLERİ

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 29 Sayı: 1, 33 - 43, 15.01.2019
https://doi.org/10.17567/ataunidfd.522643

Öz

Amaç: Estetik olarak dişlerinden memnun olmayan genç bireyler kendilerinin uygulayabileceği beyazlatma ürünlerine süpermarket, eczane ve internetten kolaylıkla ulaşabilirler. Bu ürünlerin genç daimi dişlerin minesi üzerine kontrolsüz uygulanmasının etkileri bilinmemektedir. Bu çalışmada kişiler tarafından uygulanabilen farklı diş beyazlatma ürünlerinin genç daimi dişler üzerine etki ve etkinliğinin in vitro olarak değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Ortodontik tedavi amacıyla çekilmiş 84 genç daimi premolar diş rastgele 7 gruba ayrıldı. EBright Light Accelerated Teeth Whitening SystemTM , Luster 1 Hour WhiteTM, White Light Teeth Whitening SystemTM, WhitedentTM, Crest 3D White WhitestripsTM, Purewhite Whitening TraysTM, Spray White 90TM üretici firmaların önerilerine göre diş gruplarına uygulandı. Materyaller dişlere uygulanmadan önce, uygulandıktan sonra ve termal siklusu takiben minelerin mikrosertlik, yüzey pürüzlülüğü, yüzey morfolojisi ve renk ölçümleri yapıldı. Sonuçlar istatistiksel olarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Kullanılan bütün ürünler dişlerde beyazlatma sağladı. Uzun dönemde minenin mikrosertliğine olumsuz bir etki gözlenmedi (p>0.05). Pure White Whitening TraysTM grubunda beyazlatma sonrası pürüzlülük artarken, diğer gruplarda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir değişiklik olmadı (p>0.05). Genel olarak yüzey pürüzlülüğü termal siklus sonrasında artarken, SEM değerlendirmelerinde hiçbir grupta mine prizmalarını açığa çıkartacak kadar bozulma olmadığı saptandı. Sonuç: Çalışmada kullanılan ürünlerin genç daimi dişlerin mine yüzeylerinde minimal düzeyde değişiklik oluşturduğu ve Crest 3D White WhitestripsTM in daha güvenle kullanılabileceği sonucuna varıldı

Kaynakça

  • 1. Croll T, Donly KJ. Tooth bleaching in children and teens. J Esthet Restor Dent 2014;26:147–50.
  • 2. Shulman JD, Maupome G, Clark DC, Levy SM. Perceptions of desirable tooth color among parents, dentists and children. J Am Dent Assoc 2004;135:595-604.
  • 3. Azodo CC, OgbomoAC, Agbor MA.Tooth bleaching and young adults in Nigeria: knowledge, experiences and intention. Odontostomatol Trop 2012; 35:47-54.
  • 4. Bacaksiz A, Tulunoglu O, Tulunoglu I. Efficacy and stability of two in-office bleaching agents inadolescents: 12 months follow-up. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;40:269-73.
  • 5. Gontijo IT, Navarro RS, Ciamponi AL, Miyakawa W, Zezell DM. Color and surface temperature variation during bleaching in human devitalized primary teeth: an in vitro study. J Dent Child (Chic) 2008;75:229-34.
  • 6. Pinto MM, de Godoy CH, Bortoletto CC, Olivan SR, Motta LJ, Altavista OM, Lumi K, Sobral AP, Bussadori SK. Tooth whitening with hydrogen peroxide in adolescents: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2014; 15:395-400.
  • 7. Lee SS, Zhang W, Lee DH, Li Y. Tooth whitening in children and adolescents: a literature review. Pediatr Dent 2005;27:362-8.
  • 8. Demarco FF, Masotti AS. Over-the-counter whitening agents: a concise review. Braz Oral Res 2009;23:64- 70.
  • 9. Auschill TM, Schneider-Del Savio T, Hellwig E, Arweiler NB. Randomized clinical trial of the efficacy, tolerability, and long-term color stability of two bleaching techniques: 18-month follow-up. Quintessence Int 2012;43:683-94.
  • 10. Zantner C, Derdilopoulou F, Martus P, Kielbassa AM. Randomized clinical trial on the efficacy of 2 over-the-counter whitening systems. Quintessence Int 2006;37:695-706.
  • 11. Donly KJ. The Adolescent Patient: Special whitening challenges. Compend Contin Educ Dent 2003;24:390–6.
  • 12. Donly KJ. Tooth Whitening in Children and Adolescents. J Esthet Restor Dent 2005;17:380–3.
  • 13. Donly KJ, Donly AS, Baharloo L, Rojas-Candelas E, Garcia-Godoy F, Zhou X, Gerlach RW. Tooth whitening ın children. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2002;23:22–8.
  • 14. Donly KJ, Gerlach RW. Clinical Trials on the Use of Whitening Strips in Children and Adolescents. Gen Dent 2002;50:242–5.
  • 15. Donly KJ, Kennedy PA, Segura A, Gerlach RW. Effectiveness and safety of tooth bleaching in teenagers. Pediatr Dent 2005;27:298–302.
  • 16. Donly KJ, Segura A, Henson T, Barker ML, Gerlach RW. Randomized controlled trial of professional at-home tooth whitening in teenagers. Gen Dent 2007;55:669-74.
  • 17. Brooks JK. Chemical burn to the gingiva after misuse of an over-the-counter oral whitening mouthwash. Gen Dent 2017;65:34-36.
  • 18. Brambert P, Qian F, Kwon SR. Erosion potential of tooth whitening regimena as evaluated with polarized light microscopy. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):921-5.
  • 19. Cura M, Fuentes MV, Ceballos L. Effect of low-concentration bleaching products on enamel bond strength at different elapsed times at different elapsed times after bleaching treatment. Dent Mater J 2015;34:203-10.
  • 20. Preetha A, Banerjee R. Comparison of artificial saliva substitutes. trends Biomater 2005;18:178-86.
  • 21. Turgut S, Bağış B. Diş hekimliğinde renk ve renk ölçüm yöntemleri. Atatürk Üniv Diş Hek Fak Derg 2012;22:65-75.
  • 22. Gerlach R W, Zhou X. Vital bleaching with whitening strips: summary of clinical research on effectiveness and tolerability. J Contemp Dent Pract 2001;2:1-16.
  • 23. Simon JF, Powell L, Hollis S, Anastasia MK, Gerlach RW, Farrell S. Placebo-controlled clinical trial evaluating 9.5% hydrogen peroxide high-adhesion whitening strips. J Clin Dent 2014;25:49-52.
  • 24. Carey CM. Tooth whitening:what we now know. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2014;14:70-76.
  • 25. Delfino CS, Chinelatti MA, Carrasco-Guerisoli LD, Batista AR, Fröner IC, Palma-Dibb RG. Effectiveness of home bleaching agents in discolored teeth and influence on enamel microhardness. J Appl Oral Sci 2009;17:284-8.
  • 26. Borges AB, Zanatta RF, Barros AC, Silva LC, Pucci CR, Torres CR. Effect of hydrogen peroxide concentration on enamel color and microhardness. Oper Dent 2015;40:96-101.
  • 27. Smith A, Feuerstein O, Topel M. Mechanical, morphologic, and chemical effects of carbamide peroxide bleaching agents on human enamel in situ. Quintessence Int 2011;42:407-12.
  • 28. Zantner C, Beheim-Schwarzbach N, Neumann K, Kielbassa AM. Surface microhardness of enamel after different home bleaching procedures. Dent Mater 2007;23:243-50.
  • 29. Azer SS, Machado C, Sanchez E, Rashid R. Effect of home bleaching systems on enamel nanohardness and elastic modulus. J Dent 2009;37:185-90.
  • 30. Cavalli V, Arrais CA, Giannini M, Ambrosano GM. High-concentrated carbamide peroxide bleaching agents effects on enamel surface. J Oral Rehabil 2004;31:155-9.
  • 31. Cadenaro M, Breschi L, Nucci C, Antoniolli F, Visintini E, Prati C, Matis BA, Di Lenarda R. Effect of two in-office whitening agents on the enamel surface in vivo: a morphological and non-contact profilometric study. Oper Dent 2008;33:127-34.
  • 32. Sydney GB, Barletta FB, Sydney RB. In vitro analysis of effect of heat used in dental bleaching on human dental enamel. Braz Dent J 2002;13:166-9.
  • 33-Gale MS, Darwell BW. Thermal cycling procedures for laboratory testing of dental restorations. J Dent 1999;27:89-99.
  • 34. Akal N, Over H, Olmez A, Bodur H. Effects of carbamide peroxide containing bleaching agents on the morphology and subsurface hardness of enamel. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2001;25:293-6.
  • 35. Pinto CF, Oliveira R, Cavalli V, Giannini M. Peroxide bleaching agent effects on enamel surface microhardness, roughness and morphology. Braz Oral Res 2004;18:306-11.
  • 36. Braun A, Jepsen S, Krause F. Spectrophotometric and visual evaluation of vital tooth bleaching employing different carbamide peroxide concentrations. Dent Mater 2007;23:165-9.
  • 37. Kielbassa AM, Beheim-Schwarzbach NJ, Neumann K, Nat R, Zantner C. In vitro comparison of visual and computer-aided pre- and post-tooth shade determination using various home bleaching procedures. J Prosthet Dent 2009;101:92-100.
  • 38. Lath DL, Wildgoose DG, Guan YH, Lilley TH, Smith RN,Brook AH. A digital image analysis system for the assessment of tooth whiteness compared to visual shade matching. J Clin Dent 2007;18:17-20.
  • 39. Keyf F,Uzun G, Altunsoy S. Diş hekimliğinde renk seçimi. Hacettepe Üni Diş Hek Fak Derg 2009;33:52-8.
  • 40. Dietschi D, Rossier S, Krejci I. In vitro colorimetric evaluation of the efficacy of various bleaching methods and products. Quintessence Int 2006;37:515-26.
  • 41. Meireles SS, Fontes ST, Coimbra LA, Della Bona A, Demarco FF. Effectiveness of different carbamide peroxide concentrations used for tooth bleaching: an in vitro study. J Appl Oral Sci 2012;20:186-91.
  • 42. Mielczarek A, Klukowska M, Ganowicz M, Kwiatkowska A, Kwasny M. The effect of strip, tray and office peroxide bleaching systems on enamel surfaces in vitro. Dent Mater 2008;24:1495-500.
  • 43. Grobler SR, Majeed A, Hayward R, Rossouw RJ, Moola MH, van W Kotze TJ. A clinical study of the effectiveness of two different 10% carbamide peroxide bleaching products: a 6-month followup. Int J Dent 2011:167525.
Toplam 43 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Zeynep Yılmaz Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-2017-2438

Neşe Akal 0000-0001-5516-4772

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Ocak 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 29 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Yılmaz, Z., & Akal, N. (2019). DİŞ HEKİMİ KONTROLÜNDE OLMAYAN (OTC) BEYAZLATMA ÜRÜNLERİNİN GENÇ DAİMİ DİŞ MİNESİNİN RENK, MİKROSERTLİK, YÜZEY PÜRÜZLÜLÜĞÜ VE MORFOLOJİSİNE ETKİLERİ. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi, 29(1), 33-43. https://doi.org/10.17567/ataunidfd.522643
AMA Yılmaz Z, Akal N. DİŞ HEKİMİ KONTROLÜNDE OLMAYAN (OTC) BEYAZLATMA ÜRÜNLERİNİN GENÇ DAİMİ DİŞ MİNESİNİN RENK, MİKROSERTLİK, YÜZEY PÜRÜZLÜLÜĞÜ VE MORFOLOJİSİNE ETKİLERİ. Ata Diş Hek Fak Derg. Ocak 2019;29(1):33-43. doi:10.17567/ataunidfd.522643
Chicago Yılmaz, Zeynep, ve Neşe Akal. “DİŞ HEKİMİ KONTROLÜNDE OLMAYAN (OTC) BEYAZLATMA ÜRÜNLERİNİN GENÇ DAİMİ DİŞ MİNESİNİN RENK, MİKROSERTLİK, YÜZEY PÜRÜZLÜLÜĞÜ VE MORFOLOJİSİNE ETKİLERİ”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 29, sy. 1 (Ocak 2019): 33-43. https://doi.org/10.17567/ataunidfd.522643.
EndNote Yılmaz Z, Akal N (01 Ocak 2019) DİŞ HEKİMİ KONTROLÜNDE OLMAYAN (OTC) BEYAZLATMA ÜRÜNLERİNİN GENÇ DAİMİ DİŞ MİNESİNİN RENK, MİKROSERTLİK, YÜZEY PÜRÜZLÜLÜĞÜ VE MORFOLOJİSİNE ETKİLERİ. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 29 1 33–43.
IEEE Z. Yılmaz ve N. Akal, “DİŞ HEKİMİ KONTROLÜNDE OLMAYAN (OTC) BEYAZLATMA ÜRÜNLERİNİN GENÇ DAİMİ DİŞ MİNESİNİN RENK, MİKROSERTLİK, YÜZEY PÜRÜZLÜLÜĞÜ VE MORFOLOJİSİNE ETKİLERİ”, Ata Diş Hek Fak Derg, c. 29, sy. 1, ss. 33–43, 2019, doi: 10.17567/ataunidfd.522643.
ISNAD Yılmaz, Zeynep - Akal, Neşe. “DİŞ HEKİMİ KONTROLÜNDE OLMAYAN (OTC) BEYAZLATMA ÜRÜNLERİNİN GENÇ DAİMİ DİŞ MİNESİNİN RENK, MİKROSERTLİK, YÜZEY PÜRÜZLÜLÜĞÜ VE MORFOLOJİSİNE ETKİLERİ”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 29/1 (Ocak 2019), 33-43. https://doi.org/10.17567/ataunidfd.522643.
JAMA Yılmaz Z, Akal N. DİŞ HEKİMİ KONTROLÜNDE OLMAYAN (OTC) BEYAZLATMA ÜRÜNLERİNİN GENÇ DAİMİ DİŞ MİNESİNİN RENK, MİKROSERTLİK, YÜZEY PÜRÜZLÜLÜĞÜ VE MORFOLOJİSİNE ETKİLERİ. Ata Diş Hek Fak Derg. 2019;29:33–43.
MLA Yılmaz, Zeynep ve Neşe Akal. “DİŞ HEKİMİ KONTROLÜNDE OLMAYAN (OTC) BEYAZLATMA ÜRÜNLERİNİN GENÇ DAİMİ DİŞ MİNESİNİN RENK, MİKROSERTLİK, YÜZEY PÜRÜZLÜLÜĞÜ VE MORFOLOJİSİNE ETKİLERİ”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 29, sy. 1, 2019, ss. 33-43, doi:10.17567/ataunidfd.522643.
Vancouver Yılmaz Z, Akal N. DİŞ HEKİMİ KONTROLÜNDE OLMAYAN (OTC) BEYAZLATMA ÜRÜNLERİNİN GENÇ DAİMİ DİŞ MİNESİNİN RENK, MİKROSERTLİK, YÜZEY PÜRÜZLÜLÜĞÜ VE MORFOLOJİSİNE ETKİLERİ. Ata Diş Hek Fak Derg. 2019;29(1):33-4.

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