CERRAHİ HASTALARIN ÖĞRENİM GEREKSİNİMLERİ

Öz

Amaç: Tanımlayıcı türdeki bu araştırmada ameliyat olan hastaların taburcu olmadan önceki öğrenim gereksinimlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Yöntem: Araştırmanın örneklemini Türkiye’nin batı bölgesindeki iki devlet hastanesinin cerrahi kliniklerinde ameliyat olan 575 hasta oluşturdu. Veriler, bireysel özellikleri içeren soru formu ve Hasta Öğrenim Gereksinimleri Ölçeği (HÖGÖ) ile yüz yüze görüşme tekniği ile toplandı. Verilerin analizi SPSS 11.0 programında tanımlayıcı istatistikler (sayı, yüzde, ortalama, standart sapma, minumum ve maksimim) ve gruplar arası karşılaştırmalar için t testi kullanılarak yapıldı. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan hastalar HÖGÖ’nin ilaçlar ve yaşam kalitesi alt boyutlarından en yüksek, duruma ilişkin duygular, toplum ve izlem alt boyutlarından en düşük puanı aldı. Toplam HÖGÖ puanı ile hastaneye acil veya planlı yatma ve eğitim düzeyi arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptandı. Sonuç: Araştırma bulguları; hastaların ameliyat sonrası taburcu olmadan önce ilaçlar ve yaşam kalitesine yönelik bilgi gereksinimleri olduğunu gösterdi. Cerrahi hemşireleri ameliyat sonrası hastaların kendi bakımlarını sağlayabilmesi için gereksinimlerine göre bireysel eğitim programları düzenlemelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Cerrahi hastalar, taburculuk, hasta öğrenim gereksinimleri ölçeği, hastaların bilgi ihtiyacı

LEARNING NEEDS OF SURGICAL PATIENTS

Öz

Learning Needs of Surgical Patients Objective: In this descriptive study it was aimed to describe learning needs of patients after surgery and before being discharged. Methods: The study was conducted at two state hospitals surgery clinic in western Turkey.The sample of the study consisted of 575 surgical patients. The data were collected by using Patient Learning Needs Scale (PLNS) and demographic data sheet by face to face interviews.The analysis of the data was obtained by using descriptive statistical (frequencies, percentages, means, Standard deviations and range) and Student t test, in SPSS 11.0. Student t test were performed to compare the groups. Results: Patients indicated how important it was for them to know about each of 50 information items before discharge from hospital.Findings indicated that subjects perceived medication and enhancing quality of life as most important to know and feelings related to condition, community and follow-up as least important.Total PLNS scores with emergency or elective hospital admission, occupation, and level of education was statistically significant. Conclusion: These findings indicate that surgical patients were information for medications and quality of life needed before discharge from the hospital. Surgical nurses should be organize teaching programs according to their individual needs in order to provide their patients' care

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Surgical patients,discharge,patient learning needs scale,Patients’  information  needs

Kaynakça

1. Avşar   G,   Kaşıkçı   M. The Condition of Patient Education in our Country. Journal of Ataturk University School of Nursing 2009;12(3):67-73.
2. Barthelsson   C,   Lützén   K,   Anderberg   B,   Nordström   G. Patients’   Experience   of   Laparoscopic   Cholecystectopy. The Journal of Clinical Nursing 2003;12(2):253–9.
3. Bubela N, Galloway S, McCay E, McKibbon A, Nagle L, Pringle D. et al. The Patient Learning Needs Scale: Reliability and Validity. Journal of Advanced Nursing 1990;15(10):1181-7.
4. Çatal  E,  Dicle  A. A Validity and Reliability Study of the Patient Learning Needs Scale in Turkey. DEUHYO ED 2008;1(1):19-32.
5. Cebeci   F,   Çelik   SŞ. Discharge Training and Counselling Increase Self-Care Ability and Reduce Postdischarge Problems in CABG Patients. Journal of Clinical Nursing 2008;17(3):412–20.
6. Çilingir   D,  Bayraktar   N. Information Requirements and Difficulties Experienced After Discharge in Day Surgery Patients: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Survey. Türkiye   Klinikleri   Journal of Medical Sciences 2011;31(1):164-75.
7. Fagermoen MS, Hamilton G. Patient Information at Discharge- A Study of A Combined Approach. Patient Education and Counseling 2006;63(1-2):169– 76.
8. Fitzpatrick E, Hyde A. Nurse-Related Factors in the Delivery of Preoperative Patient Education. The Journal of Clinical Nursing 2006;15(6):671-7.

9. Fredericks S, Guruge S, Sidani S, Wan T. Patient Demographics and Learning Needs: Examination of Relationship. The Journal of Clinical Nursing 2009;18(4):307–22.
10. Gilmartin J. Contemporary   day   surgery:   patients’   experience of discharge and recovery. The Journal of Clinical Nursing 2007;16(6):1109–17.
11. Güler   H,   Taşkın  L. The Effect of Health Education in Coping with Problems after the Hysterectomy. Journal of Cumhuriyet   Unıversıty   School   of   Nursıng 2001;5(2):9-18.
12. Henderson A, Chien WT. Information Needs of Hong Kong Chinese Patients Undergoing Surgery. Journal of Clinical Nursing 2004;13(8):960-6.
13. Henderson A, Zernike W. A Study of the Impact of Discharge Information for Surgical Patients. Journal of Advanced Nursing 2001;35(3):435-41.
14. Hodgkinson   B,   Evans   D,   O’Neill   S. Knowledge Retention from Pre-Operative Patient Information. Best Practice 2000;4(6):1-6.
15. Jacobs V. Informational Needs of Surgical Patients Following Discharge. Applied Nursing Research 2000;13(1):12- 8.
16. Johansson   K,   Hupli   M,   Salanterä   S. Patients’   Learning Needs after Hip Arthroplasty. The Journal of Clinical Nursing 2002;11(5):634–9.
17. Johansson K, Leino-Kilpi   H,   Salanterä   S,   Lehtikunnas T, Ahonen P, Elomaa L. et al. Need for Change in Patient Education: A Finnish Survey from  the  Patient’s  Perspective.  Patient Education and Counseling 2003;51(3):239–45.
18. Karadağ  M,  Aksoy G. Impact of Educational Role of Nurse on Quicken Patients Healing at Home in Lumbar Disc Hernia Surgery. Düşünen   Adam   the   Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences 2002;15(4):245-53.
19. Lazarus RS. Emotions and Interpersonal Relations: Toward A Person-Center Conceptualization of Emotions and Coping. Journal of Personality 2006;74(1):9-46.
20. Lithner M, Zilling T. Pre-and Postoperative Information Needs. Patient Education and Counseling 2000;40(1):29–37.
21. Malkin KF. Patients’  Perceptions  of  a  Pre-Admission Clinic. 2000;8(2):107–13.
22. Naylor MD, Brooten D, Campbell R, Jacobsen BS, Mezey MD, Pauly MV. et al. Comprehensive Discharge Planning And Home Follow-Up Of Hospitalized Elders: A Randomized Clinical Trial. The Journal of the American Medical Association 1999;281(7):613–20.
23. Orgun   F,   Şen   G. Determination of the Learning Needs of Hospitalized Patients in Surgical Units of State Hospital. SSTB International Referred Academic Journal of Sports 2012;2(4):52-64.
24. Pieper B, Sieggreen M, Freeland B, Kulwicki P, Frattaroli M, Sidor D, et al. Discharge Information Needs of Patients after Surgery. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs 2006;33(3):281-92.
25. Polat S, Celik S, Erkan HA, Kasali K. Identification of Learning Needs of Patients Hospitalized at a University Hospital. Pak J Med Sci 2014;30(6):1253- 8. Şendir  
26. Patients' Discharge Information Needs after Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: A Quasi-Qualitative Pilot Study. Rehabil Nurs. 2013;38(5):264-71.
27. Smith J, Liles C. Information Needs before Hospital Discharge of Myocardial Infarction Patients: A Comparative, Descriptive Study. The Journal of Clinical Nursing 2007;16(4):662-71.
28. Tan   M,   Özdelikara   A,   Polat   H. Determining the Patients Learning Needs. Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing 2013;21(1):1-8.
29. Taşdemir   N,   Güloğlu   S,   Turan   Y,   Çataltepe   T,   Özbayır   Ö. Learning Needs of Neurosurgery Patients. Journal of Neurological Sciences 2010; 27:(4):414-20.
30. Taylor C, Norton C. Information Booklets for Patients with Major Bowel Resection. British Journal of Nursing 2000;9(12):785–91.
31. Uzun   Ö,   Ucuzal   M,   İnan   G. Post-Discharge Learning Needs of General Surgery Patients. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 2011;27(3):634-7.
32. Yaman Y, Bulut H. Evaluation of Discharge Training Given to Patients who have undergone Heart Valve Replacement. Turkish Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2010;18(4):277- 83.
33. Zalon ML. Correlates of Recovery among Older Adults after Major Abdominal Surgery. Nursing Research 2004;53(2):99-106. F,   Muşovi   D.