A SOLUTION TO THE SLEEP DEPRIVATION IN INTENSIVE CARE: EYE MASK AND EAR PLUG

Öz

Along with sleep insufficiency, deterioration of the quality of sleep, and sleep interruptions can cause sleep deprivation, and patients in intensive care units have high rates of sleep deprivation. Environmental factors are seen as the greatest cause of insomnia in intensive care, and noise and light are leading among these factors. Sleep deprivation can affect cardiovascular and respiratory functions, increase insulin resistance and sensitivity to pain, decrease growth hormone, and weaken the immune system. Sleep deprivation can also cause worry, changes in consciousness, and delirium. Sleep deprivation can be prevented with the appropriate nursing practices. The prevention of sleep deprivation will positively affect the healing process. Instead of change environmental factors, it was determined that using eye masks and ear plugsis a much more economical and reliable, but less known method. Eye masks and ear plugs are possible to prevent sleep deprivation by changing the perception of the environment. According to the studies, using eye masks and ear plugs have the following benefits for the patient: the duration of REM and NREM3 increased, the rate of confusion, delirium, and the level of anxiety decreased, the level of melatonin increased, it was easier for patients to fall asleep and quality of sleep increased.. In the literature, it is seen that the offering an eye mask and ear plugs are not included in normal nursing practices in the intensive care unit. The limited study in which the effect is assessed included only a low level of evidence. It is suggested that the use of eye masks and earplugs in hospitals should be extended, patients should be provided with them, and the use of eye masks and ear plugs should be offered to patients at appointed times.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Nursing
• Sleep
• Sleep deprivation
• Intensive care

YOĞUN BAKIMDA UYKU YOKSUNLUĞUNA BİR ÇÖZÜM: UYKU BANDI VE KULAKLIK

Öz

Uyku yetersizliği, kalitesinde bozulma ve uykuda yaşanan bölünmeler uyku yoksunluğuna neden olmakta ve yoğun bakımda yatan hastalar yüksek oranlarda uyku yoksunluğu yaşamaktadır. Çevresel faktörler yoğun bakımda en büyük uykusuzluk nedeni olarak görülmekte; bu faktörlerin başında gürültü ve ışık yer almaktadır. Uyku yoksunluğu kardiyovasküler ve solunum fonksiyonlarını etkilemekte, insülin direncinde ve ağrıya karşı duyarlılıkta artmaya, büyüme hormonunda azalmaya, immün sistemde zayıflamaya, kaygıya, bilinç değişiklikleri ve deliryuma neden olabilmektedir. Hemşirelik uygulamalarıyla uyku yoksunluğun engellenmesi sonucu hastaların iyileşme süreçleri olumlu olarak etkilenecektir. Çevreyi değiştirmekten ziyade çok daha ekonomik, güvenilir fakat az bilinen bir yöntem olan uyku bandı ve kulaklık kullanımı ile hastaların çevre algısında değişim sağlayarak uyku yoksunluğunun önüne geçilebileceği görülmüştür. Yapılan çalışmalara göre uyku bandı ve kulaklık kullanan gruplarda REM ve NREM3 süresinin uzadığı, konfüzyon ve deliryum görülme oranının azaldığı, kaygı düzeyinin düştüğü, melatonin seviyesinin yükseldiği, hastaların uykuya daha kolay geçtiği, daha az uyandıkları, toplam uyku süresinin ve uyku kalitesinin arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Literatüre bakıldığında uyku bandı ve kulaklığın yoğun bakımda hemşirelik uygulamaları içerisinde henüz yer almadığı, etkisinin değerlendirildiği sınırlı çalışma olduğu görülmüştür. Uyku bandı ve kulaklık kullanımının hastanelerde yaygınlaşması, hastalara tanıtılmasının sağlanması, rutin olarak belirlenen saatlerde uyku bandı ve kulaklığın kullanımının hastaların tercihine sunulması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hemşire
• Uyku
• Uyku yoksunluğu
• Yoğun bakım

Kaynakça

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