DETERMINATION OF WOMEN'S KNOWLEDGE ABOUT ABNORMAL UTERINE BLEEDING

Öz

Aim: Abnormal uterine bleeding is one of the most common reasons for the referral of women of reproductive age to the gynaecology outpatient clinic. It is a subjective condition in which women evaluate bleeding in which characteristic. This study was conducted to determine the current knowledge of women on abnormal uterine bleeding.
Methods: This descriptive study was conducted between February and May 2019 in İzmir Katip Çelebi University Atatürk Training and Research Hospital Gynaecology Clinic. The sample of the study consisted of 200 women over the age of 18, married, without any sensory / psychiatric illness and who agreed to participate in the study. The questionnaire form prepared by the researcher was used to collect the research data. The data obtained from the study were analysed in SPSS 21 package program. Descriptive tests and chi-square test were used in the analysis.
Results: The average age of the participants is 35.37±8.19 and 39% of them are university graduates. It was found that women have good knowledge about abnormal uterine bleeding, especially in terms of its duration, frequency and amount. It was found that the knowledge levels of women about abnormal uterine bleeding differ according to their education level and age. It was found that women with a low level of education considered postcoital bleeding and intermenstrual bleeding to be more normal, while patients in the young age group found brown-black bleeding consistent with abnormal.
Conclusion: As a result of the study, it was determined that women have good knowledge about abnormal uterine bleeding, but they need to be informed about intermenstrual and postcoital bleeding. For this purpose, we believe that it will be effective to inform abnormal uterine bleeding for women by healthcare professionals.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Abnormal uterine bleeding
• knowledge level

KADINLARIN ANORMAL UTERİN KANAMA HAKKINDAKİ BİLGİ DURUMLARININ SAPTANMASI

Öz

Amaç: Anormal uterin kanama, üreme çağındaki kadınların jinekoloji polikliniğine en sık başvuru nedenlerinden biridir. Kadınların hangi vasıftaki kanamayı anormal olarak değerlendirdikleri öznel bir durumdur. Bu çalışma kadınların anormal uterin kanama hakkında mevcut bilgilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Araştırma İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Atatürk Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Kadın Doğum Polikliniğinde Şubat-Mayıs 2019 tarihleri arasında tanımlayıcı olarak yapılmıştır. Araştırma örneklemini 18 yaş üzeri, evli, araştırmaya katılmaya engel duyusal/psikiyatrik bir hastalığı olmayan ve araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 200 kadın oluşturmuştur. Araştırma verilerinin toplanmasında araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan anket formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen veriler SPSS 21 paket programında analiz edilmiştir. Analizde tanımlayıcı testler ve ki-kare testi kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 35.37±8.19'dur ve %39’u üniversite mezunudur. Kadınların anormal uterin kanama hakkında özellikle süresi, sıklığı ve miktarı konularında bilgi düzeylerinin iyi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kadınların anormal uterin kanama hakkındaki bilgi düzeylerinin eğitim durumu ve yaşa göre farklılık gösterdiği saptanmıştır. Eğitim seviyesi düşük olan kadınların postkoital kanama ve intermenstrüel kanamayı daha fazla normal kabul ettiği, genç yaş grubunda olan hastaların ise kahverengi-siyah renkte kanamayı anormal bulduğu saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: Araştırma sonucunda kadınların anormal uterin kanama hakkında bilgi düzeylerinin iyi olduğu, ancak intermenstrüel ve postkoital kanama konularında bilgilendirilmeye gereksinimleri olduğu saptanmıştır. Bu amaçla sağlık çalışanları tarafından kadınlara anormal uterin kanama bilgilendirilmelerinin yapılması etkili olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anormal uterin kanama
• bilgi düzeyi
• kadın

Kaynakça

1. 1. Fraser IS, Langham S, Uhl-Hochgraeber K. Health-related quality of life and economic burden of abnormal uterine bleeding. Expert Review of Obstetrics Gynecology 2009;4(2):179-89.
2. 2. Matteson KA, Baker CA, Clark MA, Frick KD. Abnormal uterine bleeding, health status, and usual source of medical care: analyses using the Medical Expenditures Panel Survey. Journal of Womens Health 2013;22(11):959-65.
3. 3. Frick KD, Clark MA, Steinwachs DM, Langenberg P, Stovall D, Munro MG, et al. STOP-DUB Research Group. Financial and quality-of-life burden of dysfunctional uterine bleeding among women agreeing to obtain surgical treatment. Womens Health Issues 2009;19(1):70-8.
4. 4. Liu Z, Doan QV, Blumenthal P, Dubois RW. A systematic review evaluating health-related quality of life, work impairment, and health care costs and utilization in abnormal uterine bleeding. Value Health 2007;10(3):173-82.
5. 5. Shapley M, Jordan K, Croft PR. An epidemiological survey of symptoms of menstrual loss in the community. The British Journal of General Practice 2004;54(502):359-63.
6. 6. Fraser IS, Critchley HOD, Munro MG, Broder MG. Can we achieve international agreement on terminologies and definitions used to describe abnormalities of menstrual bleeding? Human Reproduction 2007;22(3):635–43.
7. 7. Fraser, IS, Critchley HO, Munro MG. Abnormal uterine bleeding: getting our terminology straight. Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2007;19(6):591–5.
8. 8. Fraser IS, Critchley HO, Broder M. The FIGO recommendations on terminologies and definitions for normal and abnormal uterine bleeding. Seminars in Reproductive Medicine 2011;29(5):383-90.

9. 9. Munro MG, Critchley HO, Fraser IS. The flexible FIGO classification concept for underlying causes of abnormal uterine bleeding. Seminars in Reproductive Medicine 2011;29(5):391-9.
10. 10. Cheong Y, Cameron IT, Critchley HOD. Abnormal uterine bleeding. British Medical Bulletin 2017;123(1):103-14.
11. 11. Munro MG, Critchley HOD, Fraser IS. FIGO Menstrual Disorders Committee. The two FIGO systems for normal and abnormal uterine bleeding symptoms and classification of causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in the reproductive years:2018 revisions. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 2018;143(3):393-408.
12. 12. Magnay JL, Nevatte TM, O'Brien S, Gerlinger C, Seitz C. Validation of a new menstrual pictogram (superabsorbent polymer-c version) for use with ultraslim towels is that contain superabsorbent polymers. Fertil Steril 2014;101(2):515-22.
13. 13. Bumbuliene Z, Sragyte D, Klimasenko J, Bumbul-Mazurek E. Abnormal uterine bleeding in adolescents: ultrasound evaluation of uterine volume. Gynecological Endocrinology 2019;35(4):356-9.
14. 14. Lobo RA. Abnormal uterine bleeding: Ovulatory and anovulatory dysfunctional uterine bleeding, management of acute and chronic excessive bleeding. Comprehensive gynecology 2007:5;915-31.
15. 15. Warner PE, Critchley HO, Lumsden MA, Campbell-Brown M, Douglas A. Murray GD. Menorrhagia II: Is the 80-mL blood loss criterion useful in management of complaint of menorrhagia? American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2004;190(5):1224-9.
16. 16. Matteson KA. Clark MA. Questioning our questions: Do frequently asked questions adequately cover the aspects of women's lives most affected by abnormal uterine bleeding? Opinions of women with abnormal uterine bleeding participating in focus groups. Women Health 2010;50(2):195-211.
17. 17. Clark TJ, Khan KS, Foon R, Pattison H, Bryan S, Gupta JK. Quality of life instruments in studies of menorrhagia: A systematic review. European Journal of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 2002;104(2):96–104.
18. 18. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. Clinical Guideline 88; Heavy menstrual bleeding : assessment and management. Available at: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng88 FullGuideline. pdf. Accessed March 14, 2018.
19. 19. Rahn DD, Abed H, Sung VW, Matteson KA, Rogers RG, Morrill MY, et al. Systematic review highlights difficulty interpreting diverse clinical outcomes in abnormal uterine bleeding trials. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 2011;64(3):293-300.