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TÜRKİYE’DEKİ TEZLERDE DOĞUM AĞRISININ YÖNETİMİNDE KULLANILAN NONFARMAKOLOJİK YÖNTEMLERİN İNCELENMESİ

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 1, 45 - 52, 19.03.2020
https://doi.org/10.17049/ataunihem.503312

Öz

ÖZ

Amaç: Türkiye’de yapılan tezlerde, doğum ağrısının yönetiminde uygulanan nonfarmakolojik yöntemlerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Türkiye Ulusal Tez Arama Merkezi veri tabanından “doğum ağrısı”, “doğum ağrısının yönetimi”, non-farmokolojik yöntem” anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak incelemeye alınan tezlerden (n=69) araştırma dahil edilme kriterlerine uygun ve tam metnine ulaşılan 18 tez çalışması değerlendirmeye alınmıştır.

Bulgular: Tezlerin %11,1’i (n=2) Ebelik, %88,9’unu (n=16) Hemşirelik anabilim dalında ve 2001-2018 yılları arasında incelenen çalışmalarda son yıllarda artış olduğu belirlendi. Çalışmaların büyük bir kısmı (%72.2) doktora teziydi. Akupressür, perineye sıcak uygulama ve doğuma hazırlık eğitimi en yaygın kullanılan nonfarmakolojik yöntemlerdendi. Bu çalışmada, nonfarmakoloik uygulamaların %50’sinin eylem süresini kısalttığı ve %33,3’ünde ise doğumda anne memnuniyetinin arttığı saptandı. Ayrıca perineye sıcak uygulamanın perineyi 3. ve 4. derece travmalara karşı koruyucu olduğu bildirilmiştir. Ağrıyı kontrol etme yöntemi olarak kullanılan odaklanma bir tezde çalışılmış olup ülkemizde ve dünyada yeni uygulanan ilk yöntem olması açısından önemlidir.

Sonuç: Doğum ağrısının yönetiminde en etkili uygulamanın çömelme, sıcak uygulama, masaj, Elektriksel Sinir Stimülasyonu gibi Kapı Kontrol Teorisine dayanan yöntemler olduğu belirlendi. Merkezi Sinir Sistemi Kontrol teorisine  dayanan hipnobirting ve lamaze felsefesine göre hazırlanan doğuma hazırlık eğitimlerinin anne memnuniyeti ve doğum sonu emzirme başarısına etki ettiği belirlendi.

Kaynakça

  • Aasheim, V., Nilsen, A. B. V., Lukasse, M., & Reinar, L. M. (2011). Perineal techniques during the second stage of labour for reducing perineal trauma. The Cochrane Library.
  • Abushaikha, L., & Oweis, A. (2005). Labour pain experience and intensity: a Jordanian perspective. International Journal of nursing practice, 11(1), 33-38.
  • Bedwell, C., Dowswell, T., Neilson, J. P., & Lavender, T. (2011). The use of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for pain relief in labour: a review of the evidence. Midwifery, 27(5), e141-e148.
  • Brown, S. T., Douglas, C., & Flood, L. P. (2001). Women's evaluation of intrapartum nonpharmacological pain relief methods used during labor. The journal of perinatal education, 10(3), 1.
  • Brownridge, P. (1995). The nature and consequences of childbirth pain. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 59, S9-S15. Chaillet, N., Belaid, L., Crochetière, C., Roy, L., Gagné, G. P., Moutquin, J. M., Bonapace, J. (2014). Nonpharmacologic Approaches for Pain Management During Labor Compared with Usual Care: A Meta‐Analysis. Birth, 41(2), 122-137.
  • Chang, M.-Y., Chen, C.-H., & Huang, K.-F. (2006). A comparison of massage effects on labor pain using the McGill Pain Questionnaire. The journal of nursing research: JNR, 14(3), 190-197.
  • Chao, A.-S., Chao, A., Wang, T.-H., Chang, Y.-C., Peng, H.-H., Chang, S.-D., . . . Wong, A. M. (2007). Pain relief by applying transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on acupuncture points during the first stage of labor: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Pain, 127(3), 214-220.
  • Das, D. A., Grimmer, K. A., Sparnon, A. L., McRae, S. E., & Thomas, B. H. (2005). The efficacy of playing a virtual reality game in modulating pain for children with acute burn injuries: a randomized controlled trial [ISRCTN87413556]. BMC pediatrics, 5(1), 1.
  • Fouly, H., Herdan, R., Habib, D., & Yeh, C. (2018). Effectiveness of injecting lower dose subcutaneous sterile water versus saline to relief labor back pain: Randomized controlled trial.
  • Habanananda, T. (2004). Non-pharmacological pain relief in labour. JOURNAL-MEDICAL ASSOCIATION OF THAILAND, 87, S194-S202.
  • Hajiamini, Z., Masoud, S. N., Ebadi, A., Mahboubh, A., & Matin, A. A. (2012). Comparing the effects of ice massage and acupressure on labor pain reduction. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 18(3), 169-172.
  • Hall, H. G., McKenna, L. G., & Griffiths, D. L. (2012). Midwives’ support for complementary and alternative medicine: a literature review. Women and Birth, 25(1), 4-12.
  • Hodnett, E. D. (2002). Pain and women's satisfaction with the experience of childbirth: a systematic review. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 186(5), S160-S172.
  • Hoffman, H. G., Patterson, D. R., & Carrougher, G. J. (2000). Use of virtual reality for adjunctive treatment of adult burn pain during physical therapy: a controlled study. The Clinical journal of pain, 16(3), 244-250.
  • Homan, L. Non-pharmacological pain management in childbirth.
  • Kaplan, B., Rabinerson, D., Lurie, S., Bar, J., Krieser, U., & Neri, A. (1998). Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for adjuvant pain‐relief during labor and delivery. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 60(3), 251-255.
  • Karabel, M. P., Demirbaş, M., & İnci, M. B. (2017). Türkiye’de ve dünya’da değişen sezaryen sıklığı ve olası nedenleri. Sakarya Med J, 7(4), 158-163.
  • Kashanian, M., & Shahali, S. (2010). Effects of acupressure at the Sanyinjiao point (SP6) on the process of active phase of labor in nulliparas women. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 23(7), 638-641.
  • Berkiten Ergin A. Doğum Ağrısının Fizyolojisi, Kömürcü, N. editör. Doğum ağrısı ve yönetimi, 2. Baskı.İstanbul, Nobel Tıp K.itabevleri; 2013. p:22-38.
  • Marchand, S. (2008). The physiology of pain mechanisms: from the periphery to the brain. Rheumatic disease clinics of North America, 34(2), 285-309.
  • Mello, L. F., Nóbrega, L. F., & Lemos, A. (2011). Transcutaneous electrical stimulation for pain relief during labor: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy, 15(3), 175-184.
  • Melzack, R. (1994). Folk medicine and the sensory modulation of pain. Textbook of pain.
  • Mollart, L., Skinner, V., Adams, J., & Foureur, M. (2018). Midwives’ personal use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) influences their recommendations to women experiencing a post-date pregnancy. Women and Birth, 31(1), 44-51.
  • Shourab, N. J., Zagami, S. E., Golmakhani, N., Mazlom, S. R., Nahvi, A., Pabarja, F., . . . Rizi, S. M. (2016). Virtual reality and anxiety in primiparous women during episiotomy repair. Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery research, 21(5), 521.
  • Simkin, P., & Bolding, A. (2004). Update on nonpharmacologic approaches to relieve labor pain and prevent suffering. Journal of midwifery & women’s health, 49(6), 489-504.
  • Simkin, P. P., & O'hara, M. (2002). Nonpharmacologic relief of pain during labor: systematic reviews of five methods. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 186(5), S131-S159.
  • Skilnand, E., Fossen, D., & Heiberg, E. (2002). Acupuncture in the management of pain in labor. Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica, 81(10), 943-948.
  • Tournaire, M., & Theau-Yonneau, A. (2007). Complementary and alternative approaches to pain relief during labor. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine, 4(4), 409-417.
  • Waters, B. L., & Raisler, J. (2003). Ice massage for the reduction of labor pain. Journal of midwifery & women’s health, 48(5), 317-321.

Investigation about the Theses That Committed in Turkey or the Non-Pharmacological Methods That Applied in the Labor Pain Management

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 1, 45 - 52, 19.03.2020
https://doi.org/10.17049/ataunihem.503312

Öz

ABSTRACT

Aim: The purpose is examination of the nonpharmacological methods applied in the management of labor pain theses in Turkey.

Methods: Turkey National Thesis Search Center from the database "birth pains", "management of labor pain," nan-pharmacological methods "of the thesis were reviewed using the keywords (n = 69) in accordance with the criteria for inclusion of research and reached to the full text has been 18 thesis evaluation.

Results: 11,1% (n = 2) of the theses, midwifery, 88,9% (n = 16) in the nursing department and between the years 2001-2018 studies examined in the last years were determined. Most of the studies (72.2%) were doctoral thesis. Acupressure, hot application to the perineum, and birth preparation training were among the most widely used nanomatological methods. It has also been reported that the hot application to the perineum protects the perineum against 3rd and 4th degree trauma. The focus used as a method of controlling pain has been studied in a thesis and it is important for being the first applied method in our country and in the world.

Conclusion: It was determined that the most effective application in the management of labor pain was methods based on the theory of gate control such as squatting, hot application, massageTranscutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation. According to the philosophy of hypnobirting and lamaze, which is based on the theory of Central Nervous System, it was determined that the prenatal training had an effect on maternal satisfaction and postpartum breastfeeding success.

Kaynakça

  • Aasheim, V., Nilsen, A. B. V., Lukasse, M., & Reinar, L. M. (2011). Perineal techniques during the second stage of labour for reducing perineal trauma. The Cochrane Library.
  • Abushaikha, L., & Oweis, A. (2005). Labour pain experience and intensity: a Jordanian perspective. International Journal of nursing practice, 11(1), 33-38.
  • Bedwell, C., Dowswell, T., Neilson, J. P., & Lavender, T. (2011). The use of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for pain relief in labour: a review of the evidence. Midwifery, 27(5), e141-e148.
  • Brown, S. T., Douglas, C., & Flood, L. P. (2001). Women's evaluation of intrapartum nonpharmacological pain relief methods used during labor. The journal of perinatal education, 10(3), 1.
  • Brownridge, P. (1995). The nature and consequences of childbirth pain. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 59, S9-S15. Chaillet, N., Belaid, L., Crochetière, C., Roy, L., Gagné, G. P., Moutquin, J. M., Bonapace, J. (2014). Nonpharmacologic Approaches for Pain Management During Labor Compared with Usual Care: A Meta‐Analysis. Birth, 41(2), 122-137.
  • Chang, M.-Y., Chen, C.-H., & Huang, K.-F. (2006). A comparison of massage effects on labor pain using the McGill Pain Questionnaire. The journal of nursing research: JNR, 14(3), 190-197.
  • Chao, A.-S., Chao, A., Wang, T.-H., Chang, Y.-C., Peng, H.-H., Chang, S.-D., . . . Wong, A. M. (2007). Pain relief by applying transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on acupuncture points during the first stage of labor: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Pain, 127(3), 214-220.
  • Das, D. A., Grimmer, K. A., Sparnon, A. L., McRae, S. E., & Thomas, B. H. (2005). The efficacy of playing a virtual reality game in modulating pain for children with acute burn injuries: a randomized controlled trial [ISRCTN87413556]. BMC pediatrics, 5(1), 1.
  • Fouly, H., Herdan, R., Habib, D., & Yeh, C. (2018). Effectiveness of injecting lower dose subcutaneous sterile water versus saline to relief labor back pain: Randomized controlled trial.
  • Habanananda, T. (2004). Non-pharmacological pain relief in labour. JOURNAL-MEDICAL ASSOCIATION OF THAILAND, 87, S194-S202.
  • Hajiamini, Z., Masoud, S. N., Ebadi, A., Mahboubh, A., & Matin, A. A. (2012). Comparing the effects of ice massage and acupressure on labor pain reduction. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 18(3), 169-172.
  • Hall, H. G., McKenna, L. G., & Griffiths, D. L. (2012). Midwives’ support for complementary and alternative medicine: a literature review. Women and Birth, 25(1), 4-12.
  • Hodnett, E. D. (2002). Pain and women's satisfaction with the experience of childbirth: a systematic review. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 186(5), S160-S172.
  • Hoffman, H. G., Patterson, D. R., & Carrougher, G. J. (2000). Use of virtual reality for adjunctive treatment of adult burn pain during physical therapy: a controlled study. The Clinical journal of pain, 16(3), 244-250.
  • Homan, L. Non-pharmacological pain management in childbirth.
  • Kaplan, B., Rabinerson, D., Lurie, S., Bar, J., Krieser, U., & Neri, A. (1998). Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for adjuvant pain‐relief during labor and delivery. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 60(3), 251-255.
  • Karabel, M. P., Demirbaş, M., & İnci, M. B. (2017). Türkiye’de ve dünya’da değişen sezaryen sıklığı ve olası nedenleri. Sakarya Med J, 7(4), 158-163.
  • Kashanian, M., & Shahali, S. (2010). Effects of acupressure at the Sanyinjiao point (SP6) on the process of active phase of labor in nulliparas women. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 23(7), 638-641.
  • Berkiten Ergin A. Doğum Ağrısının Fizyolojisi, Kömürcü, N. editör. Doğum ağrısı ve yönetimi, 2. Baskı.İstanbul, Nobel Tıp K.itabevleri; 2013. p:22-38.
  • Marchand, S. (2008). The physiology of pain mechanisms: from the periphery to the brain. Rheumatic disease clinics of North America, 34(2), 285-309.
  • Mello, L. F., Nóbrega, L. F., & Lemos, A. (2011). Transcutaneous electrical stimulation for pain relief during labor: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy, 15(3), 175-184.
  • Melzack, R. (1994). Folk medicine and the sensory modulation of pain. Textbook of pain.
  • Mollart, L., Skinner, V., Adams, J., & Foureur, M. (2018). Midwives’ personal use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) influences their recommendations to women experiencing a post-date pregnancy. Women and Birth, 31(1), 44-51.
  • Shourab, N. J., Zagami, S. E., Golmakhani, N., Mazlom, S. R., Nahvi, A., Pabarja, F., . . . Rizi, S. M. (2016). Virtual reality and anxiety in primiparous women during episiotomy repair. Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery research, 21(5), 521.
  • Simkin, P., & Bolding, A. (2004). Update on nonpharmacologic approaches to relieve labor pain and prevent suffering. Journal of midwifery & women’s health, 49(6), 489-504.
  • Simkin, P. P., & O'hara, M. (2002). Nonpharmacologic relief of pain during labor: systematic reviews of five methods. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 186(5), S131-S159.
  • Skilnand, E., Fossen, D., & Heiberg, E. (2002). Acupuncture in the management of pain in labor. Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica, 81(10), 943-948.
  • Tournaire, M., & Theau-Yonneau, A. (2007). Complementary and alternative approaches to pain relief during labor. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine, 4(4), 409-417.
  • Waters, B. L., & Raisler, J. (2003). Ice massage for the reduction of labor pain. Journal of midwifery & women’s health, 48(5), 317-321.
Toplam 29 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Yeliz Varışoğlu 0000-0002-6350-7218

Güzin Ünlü 0000-0001-9533-3569

Yayımlanma Tarihi 19 Mart 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 26 Aralık 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 23 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Varışoğlu Y, Ünlü G. TÜRKİYE’DEKİ TEZLERDE DOĞUM AĞRISININ YÖNETİMİNDE KULLANILAN NONFARMAKOLOJİK YÖNTEMLERİN İNCELENMESİ. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2020;23(1):45-52.

Dergimiz 2019 dan itibaren EBSCO CINAHL Database'de listelenmektedir.

Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 (CC BY-NC 4.0) ile lisanslanmıştır.

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