KÜLTÜREL FARKLILIKLARIN DOĞRUDAN YABANCI YATIRIMCILARIN GİRİŞ STRATEJİLERİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ: TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ

Yıl 2006, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 1, 211 - 232, 27.11.2010

Tülay İlhan

Öz

Bu çalışmada, doğrudan yabancı yatırımların (DYY) giriş
stratejilerini betimleme ve açıklama amaçlarına kültürel kuram izlenerek
ulaşılmaya çalışılacaktır. Giriş stratejisi (mülkiyet yapısı) sadece ekonomik,
finansal ve pazar koşulları gibi temel faktörler ile değil, onları da çevreleyen
toplumsal kültür ve kültürler arası farklılıklar bağlamında ele alınacaktır.
Ancak, toplumsal kültürün etkisi, DYY’ ların sahiplik yapılarını etkileyen tek
değişken değildir. Yabancı sermayeli işletmelerin mülkiyet yapısı, DYY’ ın
örgütsel değişkenleri ve faaliyette bulunduğu endüstriyel ortam gibi birçok
faktöre bağlı bir fonksiyon olarak değerlendirilebilmektedir. Bu amaçla, kültürel
mesafe ile örgütsel ve endüstriyel kontrol değişkenlerinin, DYY’ ların mülkiyet
oranları üzerindeki etkilerini incelemeye yönelik bir dizi varsayım
geliştirilmekte ve bu varsayımlar YASED’ den elde edilen ikincil veriler
ışığında logit analizi ile test edilmektedir. Aynı zamanda bu çalışma
kapsamında, yabancı çokuluslu yatırımcıların, çoğunluk dünya veya gelişmiş
ülke kökenli olmalarının, Türkiye’ deki yatırımlarında tercih ettikleri giriş
stratejilerine nasıl yansıdığı sorusuna da yanıt aranmaya çalışılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Giriş stratejisi (mülkiyet yapısı), kültürel mesafe, doğrudan yabancı yatırım, gelişmiş ülke, çoğunluk dünya, Türkiye

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