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TÜRKİYE CUMHURİYET MERKEZ BANKASI'NIN (TCMB) ÖNEMSENMEYEN BAĞIMSIZLIĞI

Yıl 2008, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 2, 81 - 99, 27.11.2010

Öz

Türkiye’de son TCMB Başkanı’nın atanmasına yönelik süreçte,
merkez bankasının bağımsızlığını olumsuz yönde etkileyen tartışmalar
yaşanmıştır. Bu çalışma, yapılan tartışmaların TCMB’nin bağımsızlığına
yansımalarını irdelemiştir. Çalışma, merkez bankasının tam bağımsızlığı için
yasaların değiştirilmesinin tek başına yeterli olmadığı, bunun yanı sıra bu
bağımsızlığın toplumun önemli bir kesimi tarafından önemsenmesi gerektiği
vurgusunu öne çıkarmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, TCMB’nin bağımsızlığının, başta
siyasiler olmak üzere toplumun önemli bir kesimince önemsenmediği;
dolayısıyla da bu aşamada TCMB’nin tam bağımsızlığının bir anlam ifade
etmediği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Alesina, A. ve Summers, L. H. (May 1993) “Central Bank Independence and Macroeconomic Performance: Some Comparative Evidence”, Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking, Vol.25, No.2, pp.151-162.
  • Arnone, M. vd. (Oct. 2006) “The Measurement of Central Bank Autonomy: Survey of Models, Indicators, and Empirical Evidence”, IMF Working Paper No.227, pp.1-85.
  • Arslan, Ö. (Eylül 2003), Avrupa Birliği’ni Oluşturan Ülkelerde Merkez Bankası Bağımsızlığı, Enflasyon ve Diğer Makro Ekonomik Büyüklükler Arasındaki İlişkiler:1980-2001 Dönemi, Uzmanlık Yeterlik Tezi, TCMB, Ankara.
  • Barro, R. J ve Gordon, D. B. (Feb. 1983) “Rules, Discretion and Reputation in a Model of Monetary Policy”, NBER Working Paper Series No.1079, pp.1-33.
  • Baydur, C. M. ve Süslü, B. (2007) “Avrupa Merkez Bankası ile TCMB’nin Bağımsızlıklarının Karşılaştırılması ve Ekonomiye Etkileri”, Yönetim ve Ekonomi, Cilt:14, Sayı:1, ss.44-66.
  • Berger, H. vd. (Feb. 2000) “Central Bank Independence: An Update of Theory and Evidence”, CESifo Working Paper No 255, pp.1-53. Blinder, A. S. (2004), The Quiet Revolution Central Banking Goes Modern, Yale University Press, London.
  • Cukierman, A. (Nov. 1994) “Central Bank Independence and Monetary Control”, The Economic Journal, Vol.104, pp.1437-1448.
  • ______ (Feb. 2006) “Central Bank Independence and Monetary Policymaking Institutions-Past Present and Future”, Distinguished Lecture Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Chilean Economic Society, http://econ.ucsc.edu/faculty/acukierm/econ205b/Cukierman-CBI- 06.pdf
  • Cukierman, A. vd. (1992) “Measuring the Independence of Central Banks and Its Effect on Policy Outcomes”, The World Bank Economic Review, Vol.6, No.3, pp.353-398.
  • Cukierman, A. vd.(1993) “Central Bank Independence, Growth, Invesment, and Real Rates”, Carnegie-Rochester Conferences Series on Public Policy,Vol.39,pp.95-140.
  • Cukierman, A. vd. (2002) “Central Bank Reform, Liberalization and Inflation in Transition Economics-An International Perspectives”, Journal of Monetary Economics, Vol.49, Issue:2, pp.237-264.
  • Daunfeldt, S.-O. ve Luna, X. (Revised: June 2003) “Central Bank Independence and Price Stability: Evidence from 23 OECDcountries”, Umea University, Department of Economics, Umea Economic Studies 2002/589, pp.1-23. http://www.econ. umu.se/ues/ues589.pdf
  • Debelle, G. ve Fischer, S. (1994) “How Independent Should a Cenrtal Bank Be?”, in Goals, Guidelines, and Constraints Facing Monetary Policymakers, Sponsored by Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, Conferences Series No:38, pp.195-221.
  • Durham, J. B. (Nov. 2001) “Sacrifice Ratios and Monetary Policy Credibility: Do Smaller Budget Deficits, Inflation-Indexed Debt, and Inflation Target Lower Disinflation Costs?”, The Federal Reserve Board, Finance and Economics Discussion Series No 47, pp.1-61.
  • European Monetary Institute (March 1998) Convergence Report, http://www.ecb.int/pub/pdf/concep/cr/998en.pdf Fischer, A. M. (1996) “Central Bank Independence and Sacrifice Ratios”, Open Economies Review, Vol.7, No.1, pp.5-18.
  • Fischer, S. (1997) “Modern Central Banking”, in The Future of Central Banking, The Tercentenary Symposium of the Bank of England, Cambridge University Presss, pp.262-308.
  • Franzese, R. J. Jr. ve Hall, P. A. (2000) “Institutional Dimension of Coordinating Wage-Bargaining and Monetary Policy”, in Unions, Employers, and Central Banks: Macroeconomic Coordination and Institutional Change in Social Market Economies, T. Iversen, J. Pontusson, D. Soskice, eds., Cambridge University Press.
  • http://www-personal.umich.edu/~franzese/i-p-s.hfcbwb4.pdf pp.1-54 Fraser, B. W. (Dec. 1994) “Central Bank Independence: What Does It Mean?”, Reserve Bank of Australia Bulletin, pp.1-8.
  • Grilli, V. vd. (Oct. 1991) “Political and Monetary Institutions and Public Financial Policies in the Industrial Countries”, Economic Policy, Vol.6, No.13, pp.341-392.
  • Gonzales-Paramo, J.M. (June 2007) “Expectations and Credibility in Modern Central Banking: A Practitioner’s View”, Speech in Conferance on “Inflation Targeting, Central Bank Independence and Transparency”, http://www.ecb.int/press/key/date/2007/html/sp070615.en.html
  • Gökçe, D.(Nisan 1990) “Kaç Kepçe Bağımsızlık İstiyoruz?”, Finans Dünyası, Sayı:4, ss.32-34.
  • Jacome H., L. I. (Dec. 2001) “Legal Central Bank Independence and Inflation in Latin America During the 1990s”, IMF Working Paper No:212, pp.1-40.
  • King, M. (Feb. 2001) “The Politics of Central Bank Independence”, Central Banking, Vol.XI, No.3, pp.50-57.
  • Kydland, F. E. ve Prescott, E. C. (Jun. 1977) “Rules Rather than Discretion:The Inconsistency of Optimal Plans”, The Journal of Political Economy, Vol.85, Issue:3, pp.473-492.
  • Loungani, P. ve Sheets, N. (Aug. 1997) “Central Bank Independence, Inflation, and Growth in Transition Economies”, Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking, Vol.29, No.3, pp.381-399.
  • Lybek, T. ve Morris, J. (Dec. 2004) “Central Bank Governance: A Survey of Boards and Management”, IMF Working Paper No:226, pp.1-52. Maliszewski, W. (2000) “Central Bank Independence in Transition Economies”, Economics of Transition, Vol.8, Issue:3, pp.749-789.
  • McDonough, W. J. (Spring 1994) “An Independent Central Bank in a Democratic Country: The Federal Reserve Experience”, Federal Reserve Bank of New York Quarterly Review, Vol.19, Number:1, pp.1-6.
  • Mahadeva, L. ve Sterne, G. (2000) “What Does Independence Mean to Central Banks?”, in Monetary Frameworks in Global Context, Bank of England Center for Central Bank Studies, pp.109-119.
  • Meyer, L. H. (Oct. 2000) “The Politics of Monetary Policy: Balancing Independence and Accountability”, Remarks, At the University of Wisconsin,http://www.federalreserve.gov/boarddocs/speeches/2000/ 20001024.htm
  • Oktar, S. (1996) Merkez Bankasının Bağımsızlığı, Birinci Basım, Bilim Teknik Yayınevi, İstanbul. Pastor Jr., M. ve Maxfield, S. (Nov. 1999) “Central Bank Independence and Private Investment in the Developing World”, Economic and Politics, Vol.11, No.3, pp.299-309.
  • Pollard, P. S. (July/Aug. 1993) “Central Bank Independence and Economic Performance”, The Federal Reserve Bank St. Louis Review, Vol.75, No.4, pp.21-36.
  • Rasminsky, L. (1966) “Response” , in The Role of the Central Banker Today, The Per Jacobsson Foundation,pp.50-52. http://percobson.org/lectures/1966.pdf.
  • Ribeiro, F. de A. (Dec. 2002) “Central Bank:Independence, Governance and Accountability”, Minerva Program:Fall 2002, Institute of Brazilian Issues(IBI), pp.1-45.
  • Rogoff, K. (Nov. 1985) “The Optimal Degree of Commitment to an Intermediate Monetary Target”, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol.100, pp.1169-1190.
  • Serdengeçti, S.(Şubat 2003) Merkez Bankası Bağımsızlığı, Finans Kulüpte Yapılan Konuşma.
  • ______________ (Şubat 2005) Merkez Bankası Bağımsızlığı, TCMB, Muğla
  • Siklos, P. L. (2002) The Changing Face of Central Banking, Evolutionary Trends Since World War II, Cambridge University Presss, USA.
  • Sikken, B. J. ve de Haan, J. (1998) “Budget Deficits, Monetization, and Central Bank Independence in Developing Countries”, Oxford Economic Papers, Vol. 50, pp.493-511.
  • Yılmaz, D. (Ekim - Kasım 2006) Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası Bakanlar Kurulu / Plan ve Bütçe Komisyonu Sunumu, Ankara. Walsh, C. E.(1993) “Central Bank Strategies, Credibility, and Independence”, Journal of Monetary Econonics, Vol.32, pp.287-302.
  • Alkin, E. “Merkez Bankası Bağımsızlığı ve Faiz İndirimi”, Referans, 05.09.2007
  • Gökçe, D. “Medyada Merkez Tantanası Neden?”, Akşam Gazetesi, 20.3.2006
  • Güneş, H. “Merkez Bankası Keşmekeşi”, Milliyet Gazetesi, 23.3.2006
  • Gürses, U. “Titizliğin Bu Kadarı”, Radikal Gazetesi, 27.3.3006
  • Kumcu, E. “Neyi Paylaşamıyoruz”, Hürriyet Gazetesi, 23.3.2006
  • Sağlam, E. “IMF, Merkez Bankası Atamalarına El Atmalı”, Hürriyet Gazetesi, 13.11.2006
  • Sazak, D. “Merkez’in Krizi”, Milliyet Gazetesi, 23.3.2006
  • http://www.tumgazeteler.com, 11.03.2006 (http://www.answers.com/topic/paul-volcker
Yıl 2008, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 2, 81 - 99, 27.11.2010

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Alesina, A. ve Summers, L. H. (May 1993) “Central Bank Independence and Macroeconomic Performance: Some Comparative Evidence”, Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking, Vol.25, No.2, pp.151-162.
  • Arnone, M. vd. (Oct. 2006) “The Measurement of Central Bank Autonomy: Survey of Models, Indicators, and Empirical Evidence”, IMF Working Paper No.227, pp.1-85.
  • Arslan, Ö. (Eylül 2003), Avrupa Birliği’ni Oluşturan Ülkelerde Merkez Bankası Bağımsızlığı, Enflasyon ve Diğer Makro Ekonomik Büyüklükler Arasındaki İlişkiler:1980-2001 Dönemi, Uzmanlık Yeterlik Tezi, TCMB, Ankara.
  • Barro, R. J ve Gordon, D. B. (Feb. 1983) “Rules, Discretion and Reputation in a Model of Monetary Policy”, NBER Working Paper Series No.1079, pp.1-33.
  • Baydur, C. M. ve Süslü, B. (2007) “Avrupa Merkez Bankası ile TCMB’nin Bağımsızlıklarının Karşılaştırılması ve Ekonomiye Etkileri”, Yönetim ve Ekonomi, Cilt:14, Sayı:1, ss.44-66.
  • Berger, H. vd. (Feb. 2000) “Central Bank Independence: An Update of Theory and Evidence”, CESifo Working Paper No 255, pp.1-53. Blinder, A. S. (2004), The Quiet Revolution Central Banking Goes Modern, Yale University Press, London.
  • Cukierman, A. (Nov. 1994) “Central Bank Independence and Monetary Control”, The Economic Journal, Vol.104, pp.1437-1448.
  • ______ (Feb. 2006) “Central Bank Independence and Monetary Policymaking Institutions-Past Present and Future”, Distinguished Lecture Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Chilean Economic Society, http://econ.ucsc.edu/faculty/acukierm/econ205b/Cukierman-CBI- 06.pdf
  • Cukierman, A. vd. (1992) “Measuring the Independence of Central Banks and Its Effect on Policy Outcomes”, The World Bank Economic Review, Vol.6, No.3, pp.353-398.
  • Cukierman, A. vd.(1993) “Central Bank Independence, Growth, Invesment, and Real Rates”, Carnegie-Rochester Conferences Series on Public Policy,Vol.39,pp.95-140.
  • Cukierman, A. vd. (2002) “Central Bank Reform, Liberalization and Inflation in Transition Economics-An International Perspectives”, Journal of Monetary Economics, Vol.49, Issue:2, pp.237-264.
  • Daunfeldt, S.-O. ve Luna, X. (Revised: June 2003) “Central Bank Independence and Price Stability: Evidence from 23 OECDcountries”, Umea University, Department of Economics, Umea Economic Studies 2002/589, pp.1-23. http://www.econ. umu.se/ues/ues589.pdf
  • Debelle, G. ve Fischer, S. (1994) “How Independent Should a Cenrtal Bank Be?”, in Goals, Guidelines, and Constraints Facing Monetary Policymakers, Sponsored by Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, Conferences Series No:38, pp.195-221.
  • Durham, J. B. (Nov. 2001) “Sacrifice Ratios and Monetary Policy Credibility: Do Smaller Budget Deficits, Inflation-Indexed Debt, and Inflation Target Lower Disinflation Costs?”, The Federal Reserve Board, Finance and Economics Discussion Series No 47, pp.1-61.
  • European Monetary Institute (March 1998) Convergence Report, http://www.ecb.int/pub/pdf/concep/cr/998en.pdf Fischer, A. M. (1996) “Central Bank Independence and Sacrifice Ratios”, Open Economies Review, Vol.7, No.1, pp.5-18.
  • Fischer, S. (1997) “Modern Central Banking”, in The Future of Central Banking, The Tercentenary Symposium of the Bank of England, Cambridge University Presss, pp.262-308.
  • Franzese, R. J. Jr. ve Hall, P. A. (2000) “Institutional Dimension of Coordinating Wage-Bargaining and Monetary Policy”, in Unions, Employers, and Central Banks: Macroeconomic Coordination and Institutional Change in Social Market Economies, T. Iversen, J. Pontusson, D. Soskice, eds., Cambridge University Press.
  • http://www-personal.umich.edu/~franzese/i-p-s.hfcbwb4.pdf pp.1-54 Fraser, B. W. (Dec. 1994) “Central Bank Independence: What Does It Mean?”, Reserve Bank of Australia Bulletin, pp.1-8.
  • Grilli, V. vd. (Oct. 1991) “Political and Monetary Institutions and Public Financial Policies in the Industrial Countries”, Economic Policy, Vol.6, No.13, pp.341-392.
  • Gonzales-Paramo, J.M. (June 2007) “Expectations and Credibility in Modern Central Banking: A Practitioner’s View”, Speech in Conferance on “Inflation Targeting, Central Bank Independence and Transparency”, http://www.ecb.int/press/key/date/2007/html/sp070615.en.html
  • Gökçe, D.(Nisan 1990) “Kaç Kepçe Bağımsızlık İstiyoruz?”, Finans Dünyası, Sayı:4, ss.32-34.
  • Jacome H., L. I. (Dec. 2001) “Legal Central Bank Independence and Inflation in Latin America During the 1990s”, IMF Working Paper No:212, pp.1-40.
  • King, M. (Feb. 2001) “The Politics of Central Bank Independence”, Central Banking, Vol.XI, No.3, pp.50-57.
  • Kydland, F. E. ve Prescott, E. C. (Jun. 1977) “Rules Rather than Discretion:The Inconsistency of Optimal Plans”, The Journal of Political Economy, Vol.85, Issue:3, pp.473-492.
  • Loungani, P. ve Sheets, N. (Aug. 1997) “Central Bank Independence, Inflation, and Growth in Transition Economies”, Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking, Vol.29, No.3, pp.381-399.
  • Lybek, T. ve Morris, J. (Dec. 2004) “Central Bank Governance: A Survey of Boards and Management”, IMF Working Paper No:226, pp.1-52. Maliszewski, W. (2000) “Central Bank Independence in Transition Economies”, Economics of Transition, Vol.8, Issue:3, pp.749-789.
  • McDonough, W. J. (Spring 1994) “An Independent Central Bank in a Democratic Country: The Federal Reserve Experience”, Federal Reserve Bank of New York Quarterly Review, Vol.19, Number:1, pp.1-6.
  • Mahadeva, L. ve Sterne, G. (2000) “What Does Independence Mean to Central Banks?”, in Monetary Frameworks in Global Context, Bank of England Center for Central Bank Studies, pp.109-119.
  • Meyer, L. H. (Oct. 2000) “The Politics of Monetary Policy: Balancing Independence and Accountability”, Remarks, At the University of Wisconsin,http://www.federalreserve.gov/boarddocs/speeches/2000/ 20001024.htm
  • Oktar, S. (1996) Merkez Bankasının Bağımsızlığı, Birinci Basım, Bilim Teknik Yayınevi, İstanbul. Pastor Jr., M. ve Maxfield, S. (Nov. 1999) “Central Bank Independence and Private Investment in the Developing World”, Economic and Politics, Vol.11, No.3, pp.299-309.
  • Pollard, P. S. (July/Aug. 1993) “Central Bank Independence and Economic Performance”, The Federal Reserve Bank St. Louis Review, Vol.75, No.4, pp.21-36.
  • Rasminsky, L. (1966) “Response” , in The Role of the Central Banker Today, The Per Jacobsson Foundation,pp.50-52. http://percobson.org/lectures/1966.pdf.
  • Ribeiro, F. de A. (Dec. 2002) “Central Bank:Independence, Governance and Accountability”, Minerva Program:Fall 2002, Institute of Brazilian Issues(IBI), pp.1-45.
  • Rogoff, K. (Nov. 1985) “The Optimal Degree of Commitment to an Intermediate Monetary Target”, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol.100, pp.1169-1190.
  • Serdengeçti, S.(Şubat 2003) Merkez Bankası Bağımsızlığı, Finans Kulüpte Yapılan Konuşma.
  • ______________ (Şubat 2005) Merkez Bankası Bağımsızlığı, TCMB, Muğla
  • Siklos, P. L. (2002) The Changing Face of Central Banking, Evolutionary Trends Since World War II, Cambridge University Presss, USA.
  • Sikken, B. J. ve de Haan, J. (1998) “Budget Deficits, Monetization, and Central Bank Independence in Developing Countries”, Oxford Economic Papers, Vol. 50, pp.493-511.
  • Yılmaz, D. (Ekim - Kasım 2006) Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası Bakanlar Kurulu / Plan ve Bütçe Komisyonu Sunumu, Ankara. Walsh, C. E.(1993) “Central Bank Strategies, Credibility, and Independence”, Journal of Monetary Econonics, Vol.32, pp.287-302.
  • Alkin, E. “Merkez Bankası Bağımsızlığı ve Faiz İndirimi”, Referans, 05.09.2007
  • Gökçe, D. “Medyada Merkez Tantanası Neden?”, Akşam Gazetesi, 20.3.2006
  • Güneş, H. “Merkez Bankası Keşmekeşi”, Milliyet Gazetesi, 23.3.2006
  • Gürses, U. “Titizliğin Bu Kadarı”, Radikal Gazetesi, 27.3.3006
  • Kumcu, E. “Neyi Paylaşamıyoruz”, Hürriyet Gazetesi, 23.3.2006
  • Sağlam, E. “IMF, Merkez Bankası Atamalarına El Atmalı”, Hürriyet Gazetesi, 13.11.2006
  • Sazak, D. “Merkez’in Krizi”, Milliyet Gazetesi, 23.3.2006
  • http://www.tumgazeteler.com, 11.03.2006 (http://www.answers.com/topic/paul-volcker
Toplam 47 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil tr;en
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Haydar Akyazı Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Kasım 2010
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2008 Cilt: 22 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Akyazı, H. (2010). TÜRKİYE CUMHURİYET MERKEZ BANKASI’NIN (TCMB) ÖNEMSENMEYEN BAĞIMSIZLIĞI. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 22(2), 81-99.

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