Kedilerde İntranasal ve İntramusküler Zolazepam-Tiletamine Kombinasyonu Uygulamasının Karşılaştırılması

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı kedilerde zolazepam-tiletamine (ZT) kombinasyonunun intramusküler (IM) ve intranasal (IN) uygulamasını karşılaştırmaktı. Ağırlıkları 2.47 ± 0.6 kg olan 8 sağlıklı erişkin kedi kullanıldı. Her kediye 10 mg/kg ZT kombinasyonunu uygulamalar arasında en az birer hafta ara olacak şekilde IN ve IM yol ile verildi. Sedasyon başlangıcı, cerrahi anestezi süresi ve uyanma zamanı kaydedildi. Parametreler ZT kombinasyonundan hemen önce ve uygulama sonrasındaki 5, 10, 15, 20 ve 30. dakikalarda kaydedildi. Her iki uygulama yolunda, herhangi bir anestezik komplikasyon görülmedi. Tüm hayvanlarda uyanma problemsiz gerçekleşti. Anestezi süresi ve sedasyon başlangıcı değerleri, IN ve IM uygulamaya bağlı istatistiksel farklılık göstermedi. ZT kombinasyonu IN yolla verildiğinde (30.63 ± 0.32 dakika) IM enjeksiyona (33.38 ± 0.32 min) göre istatistiksel olarak daha kısa sürede uyanma gerçekleşti. ZT kombinasyonun uygulama yolunun, kalp frekansı (P = 0.388), solunum sayısı (P = 0.628), rektal sıcaklık (P = 0.066) ve peripheral hemoglobin oksijen saturasyonu (P = 0.442) değerleri üzerine etkisi yoktu. ZT kombinasyonunun intranasal uygulanması kedilerde sedasyon için alternatif bir teknik olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anestezi,Intranasal,Intramusküler,Kedi,Tiletamine,Zolazepam

Comparison of Intranasal and Intramuscular Administration of Zolazepam-Tiletamine Combination in Cats

Öz

The purpose of the current study was to compare intranasal (IN) and intramuscular (IM) administration of zolazepam-tiletamine (ZT) combination in cats. Eight adult healthy cats weighing 2.47 ± 0.6 kg were used. Each animal received 10 mg/kg ZT combination by IN and IM routes with a minimum one week intervals. The onset of sedation, the length of surgical anaesthesia and the recovery time were recorded. The parameters were recorded immediately before and at 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30 min after administration of ZT combination. No anaesthetic complication was observed in either administration route. Recovery was uneventful in all animals. There were no statistical differences between the IN and IM administration with respect to onset of sedation and the length of anaesthesia. Recovery time was significantly shorter when the ZT combination was administered IN route (30.63 ± 0.32 min) compared to IM injection (33.38 ± 0.32 min). The route of administration of the ZT combination had no effect on heart rate (P = 0.388), respiratory rate (P = 0.628), rectal temperature (P = 0.066), and peripheral haemoglobin oxygen saturation (P = 0.442). Intranasal administration of ZT combination can be an alternative technique for sedation in cats.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anaesthesia,Cat,Intramuscular,Intranasal,Tiletamine,Zolazepam

Kaynakça

1. 1. Lin HC., Benson GJ., Thurmon JC., Tranquilli WJ., Olson WA., Bevill RF., 1993. Influence of anesthetic regimens on the perioperative catecholamine response associated with onychectomy in cats. Am J Vet Res, 54, 1721-1724.
2. 2. Forsyth S., 1995. Administration of low dose tiletamine zolazepam combination to cats. New Zeal Vet J, 43, 101-103.
3. 3. Hellyer P., Muir WW., Hubbell JA., Sally J., 1988. Cardiorespiratory effects of the intravenous administration of tiletamine-zolazepam to cats. Vet Surg, 17, 105-110.
4. 4. Bortolami E., Murrell JC., Slingsby LS., 2012. Methadone in combination with acepromazine as premedication prior to neutering in the cat. Vet Anaesth Analg, 40, 181-193.
5. 5. Tracy CH., Short CE., Clark BC., 1988. Comparing the effects of intravenous and intramuscular administration of telazol. Vet Med, 83, 104-111.
6. 6. Yanmaz LE., Dogan E., Ersoz U., Okumus Z., Dogan V., 2017. Anaesthesia in a Eurasian lynx with an intranasal zolazepam–tiletamine combination. Vet Anaesth Analg, 44, 193-194.
7. 7. Yanmaz LE., Dogan E., Okur S., Okumus Z., Ersoz U., 2016. Comparison of the effects of intranasal and intramuscular administrations of zolazepam–tiletamine combination on intraocular pressure in cats. Vet Ophtalmol, 19, 115-118.
8. 8. Clarke KW., Trim CM., Hall LW., 2014. General pharmacology of the injectable agents used in anaesthesia. In: Veterinary Anaesthesia, 11th edn. (eds Clarke KW. and Trim C.) Elsevier Saunders, Edinburgh, UK, 135–153. 9. Şındak N., 1998. Köpeklerde tiletamin-zolazepam ve tiletamin-zolazepam-xylazin anestezisi. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Türkiye.

9. 10. Jang M., Park S., Son WG., Jo SM., Hwang H., Seo K., Lee I., 2015. Effect of tiletamine-zolazepam on the intraocular pressure of the dog. Vet Ophthalmol, 18, 481-484.
10. 11. Svorc P., Bacova I., Svorc P., Novakova M., Gresova S., 2016. Zoletil anaesthesia in chronobiological studies. Biol Rhythm Res, 47, 103-110.
11. 12. Marjani M., Akbarinejad V., Bagheri M., 2015. Comparison of intranasal and intramuscular ketamine-midazolam combination in cats. Vet Anaesth Analg, 42, 178-181.
12. 13. Lin HC., Thurmon JC., Benson GJ., Tranquilli WJ., 1992. Review: Telazol–a review of its pharmacology and use in veterinary medicine. J Vet Pharmacol Ther, 16, 383-418.
13. 14. Spada E., Proverbio D., Bagnagatti De Giorgi G., Perego R., Valena E., Della Pepa A., Baggiani L., 2015. Clinical and haematological responses of feline blood donors anaesthetized with a tiletamine and zolazepam combination. J Feline Med Surg, 17, 338-341.
14. 15. Cistola AM., Golder FJ., Centonze LA., Mckay LW., Levy JK., 2004. Anesthetic and physiologic effects of tiletamine, zolazepam, ketamine, and xylazine combination (TKX) in feral cats undergoing surgical sterilization. J Feline Med Surg, 6, 297-303.
15. 16. Verstegen J., Fargetton X., Ectors F., 1989. Medetomidine/ketamine anaesthesia in cats. Acta Vet Scand, 85, 117-123.
16. 17. Mair A., Kloeppel H., Ticehurst K., 2014. A comparison of low dose tiletamine-zolazepam or acepromazine combined with methadone for pre-anaesthetic medication in cats. Vet Anaesth Analg, 41, 630-635.
17. 18. Ko JC., Abbo LA., Weil AB., Johnson BM., Payton M., 2007. A comparison of anesthetic and cardiorespiratory effects of tiletamine-zolaepam-butorphanol and tiletamine-zolazepam-butorphanol-medetomidine in cats. Vet Ther, 8, 164-176.
18. 19. Grassin-Delyle S., Buenestado A., Naline E., Faisy C., Blouquit-Laye S., Couderc LJ., Le Guen M., Fischler M., Devillier P., 2012. Intranasal drug delivery: an efficient and non-invasive route for systemic administration: focus on opioids. Pharmacol Therapeut, 134, 366-379.
19. 20. Pires A., Fortuna A., Alves G., Falcao A., 2009. Intranasal drug delivery: how, why and what for?. J Pharm Sci, 12, 288-311.