The Importance of Colostrum Management in Newborn Calves

Abstract

Colostrum is a special and important type of milk that should be ingested by newborn calves in order to produce immunity against diseases in the first 28 days of life. Giving colostrum to calves is the most important factor for calf survival and maintaining health. In many countries, one of the most important reason for calf deaths is inadequate intake of colostrum. A newborn calf should ingest approximately 5% body weight of colostrum in the first 6 hours as first meal and in the first day, this amount should be 10% of body weight in the first 3-4 meals. Passive transfer failure occurs when the neonatal calves do not ingest adequate and suitable colostrum as stated time and amounts. Besides, passive transfer failure also leads to low intake of antibodies in the calves. This condition leads to increase in death rates, and losses associated with calf health, welfare and productivity. Therefore, a successful colostrum management programme is necessary for decreasing neonatal calf deaths and increasing immunity against diseases. The purpose of this study is to give detailed information related with maintaining and monitoring an effective colostrum programme, as well as discussing the relations between neonatal diseases and important components of colostrum. 

Keywords

• Calf,Colostrum,Management,Newborn

Yenidoğan Buzağılarda Kolostrum Yönetiminin Önemi

Öz

Kolostrum; yeni doğan buzağıların ilk 28 gününde hastalıklara karşı immunitenin oluşması için annelerinden alması gereken özel ve önemli bir süttür. Buzağılara kolostrum verilmesi neonatal dönemdeki buzağının hayatta kalmasını ve sağlığının korunmasını sağlayan en önemli faktördür. Birçok ülkede buzağı ölümlerinin önemli nedenlerinden biride buzağıların yeterli miktarda kolostrum almamasıdır. Doğan buzağıya doğumdan sonraki ilk 6 saat içinde ilk öğünde buzağı vücut ağırlığının yaklaşık %5’i kadar ve ilk günde ise 3-4 öğünde buzağının vücut ağırlığının %10’u kadar kolostrum verilmelidir. Neonatal dönemdeki buzağılara belirtilen süreç ve miktarlarda uygun özellikte ve yeterli düzeyde kolostrum verilmemesi durumunda, buzağılarda pasif transferi yetmezliği ortaya çıkmaktadır. Pasif transfer yetmezliği ortaya çıkan yenidoğan buzağılarda antikor alım düzeyinde düşüşler gözlenir. Bu durumda; buzağı ölüm oranında artışa, buzağı sağlığı, refahı ve verimliği ile ilişkili birçok kısa ve uzun vadeli kayıplara neden olmaktadır. Bu nedenle neonatal dönemdeki buzağı ölüm oranının düşürülmesi ve hastalıklara karşı direncinin artırılması için başarılı bir kolostrum yönetim programı uygulanmalıdır. Bu çalışmada, etkili bir kolostrum yönetim programının sağlanması ve izlenmesinin temel bileşenlerinin tartışılmasının yanı sıra kolostrojenez süreci gözden geçirilecek ve neonatal dönemde görülen hastalıklar ile kolostrumun önemli bileşenleri arasındaki ilişkiler hakkında detaylı bilgi verilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Buzağı,Kolostrum,Yeni doğan,Yönetim

Kaynakça

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