Glysemic Index and Insulin Resistance in Horses

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2, 229 - 237, 25.10.2019

Emre Yılmaz , Mehmet Gül

Öz

Horses feed with forages low‐energy and high‐cellulose although they are physically active animals. Thus, they must

intake feed every 1‐2 hours. However, with the development of equestrian sport, the increase in energy needs, the

importance of feeding horses with diets with high starch and sugar content has emphasized. The elevating sugar/starch

concentration in horse’ diets, increased incidence of digestive and metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance, obesity,

laminitis and osteochondrosis. In order to determine and control the glucose content of the diets consumed by the horses,

the Glycemic Index (GI) is emphasized. GI is used to classify feeds according to the standard feed compare the potential to

increase blood glucose level of the test feeds over a period of time and is an index expressed as a percentage. In horses,

glucose, oats, corn and grass are used as standard. The digestion and absorption of glucose derived from starch and sugars

are affected by many factors. Knowing these factors will provide a better understanding of the usability of GI. This review is

prepared to determine the factors affecting to GI, the diseases caused by higher GI, and the usability of GI in horses.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Diseases, Glycemic Index, Horse, Insulin Resistance

Atlarda Glisemik İndeks ve İnsülin Direnci

Öz

Atlar, fiziksel aktiviteleri yüksek olmasına rağmen mide yapılarından dolayı düşük enerjili ve selülozca zengin yemlerle beslenmekte ve ortalama 1‐2 saatte bir yem tüketmek zorundadırlar. Fakat atçılık sporunun gelişmesiyle birlikte, enerji ihtiyaçlarının artması, atların nişasta ve şeker içeriği yüksek rasyonlar ile beslenmesinin önemini ön plana çıkarmıştır. Atların, yemlerinde bulunan nişasta ve şeker konsantrasyonunun yükseltilmesi ile insülin direnci, obezite, laminitis ve osteokondrozis gibi sindirimsel ve metabolik rahatsızlıkların görülme insidensi de artmaktadır. Atların tükettikleri yemin nişasta ve şeker içeriğinin tespit edilip, kontrol edilebilmesi amacıyla Glisemik İndeks (Gİ) değeri üzerinde durulmaktadır. Gİ, yemlerin belli bir zaman diliminde, kan glikoz seviyesini artırma potansiyeli baz alınarak, yemlerin standart bir yeme göre sınıflandırılmasında kullanılan ve yüzdelik olarak ifade edilen bir indekstir. Atlarda, Gİ hesaplamasında standart olarak en çok glikoz, yulaf, mısır ve çayır otu kullanılmaktadır. Nişasta ve şekerlerden elde edilen glikozun sindirimini ve emilimini çok sayıda faktör etkilemektedir. Bu faktörlerin bilinmesi, Gİ’nin kullanılabilirliğini daha iyi anlamayı sağlayacaktır. Bu derleme, atlarda Gİ değerlerini etkileyen faktörleri, Gİ’nin yüksekliğinin atlarda meydana getirdiği rahatsızlıklar ve kullanılabilirliği hakkında bilgi vermek amacıyla hazırlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

At, Glisemik İndeks, Hastalıklar, İnsülin Direnci

Kaynakça

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