Triticeae’da abiyotik stresle ilişkili miRNA’lar

Öz

Bitkiler çeşitli çevresel streslerin üstesinden gelebilmek için birçok farklı mekanizmalar geliştirmişlerdir. Besin stresi, kuraklık, soğuk, tuzluluk, ağır metal, oksidatif stres gibi abiyotik streslerin, bitkilerde transkripsiyonel ve posttranskripsiyonel düzeylerde yüzlerce genin ekspresyonunu düzenlediği ortaya çıkmıştır. Son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalarla miRNA’ların da bu mekanizmalarda rol aldıkları ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bitki mikroRNA'ları (miRNA'lar), abiyotik ve biyotik streslere cevap olarak, genom bütünlüğünün korunması gibi temel süreçlerde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Abiyotik ve biyotik stresler sırasında miRNA'lar tarafından düzenlenen karmaşık moleküler mekanizmanın anlaşılması, bitki verimliliğini artırmak için yeni yaklaşımlar sunabilir. Bu derlemede farklı abiyotik stres etkisi altındaki miRNA'ların, stres toleransında nasıl rol oynadıkları ve hedef genler üzerindeki etkileri açıklanmıştır. Ayrıca strese verilen yanıt mekanizmaları üzerinde çeşitli azaltıcı veya arttırıcı yönde düzenlenmiş bitki miRNA'larına odaklanılmıştır. Bu bilgiler ışığında, farklı çevresel streslere maruz kalan bitkilerin miRNA profili, ileriki çalışmalarda araştırmacıların yeni miRNA hedeflerinin tanımlamasında ve karakterize edilmesinde yardımcı olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Abiyotik stres,Gen ifadesi,miRNA,Triticeae

Abiotic stress-related miRNAs in Triticeae

Öz

Plants have developed very complex mechanisms to overcome various environmental stresses. It has been found that abiotic stresses such as nutritional stress, drought, cold, salinity, heavy metal, oxidative stress regulate the expression of hundreds of genes in transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels in plants. Recent studies show that miRNAs also play a role in these mechanisms. Plant microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in basic processes such as the development and maintenance of genome integrity in response to abiotic and biotic stresses. Understanding the complex molecular mechanism regulated by miRNAs during abiotic and biotic stresses may offer new approaches to improve plant productivity. This review describes how miRNAs under different abiotic stresses play a role in stress tolerance and their effects on target genes. In addition, various down and up regulated plant miRNAs have been focused on the response mechanisms to stress. In light of this information, the miRNA profile of plants exposed to different environmental stresses will help researchers identify and characterize new miRNA targets in future studies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Abiotic stress,Gene expression,miRNA,Triticeae

Kaynakça

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