Application of Selenium Nanoparticles Diets in Ruminants

Abstract

Selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) are mineral elements with a particle size of 1 to 100 nm prepared by reducing selenate or selenite. Se NPs have a higher effect on glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity, body weight, nutrient conversion efficiency, nutrient utilization, free radical inhibition, meat quality, survival rate, Se content in tissues, rumen microbial activity, stimulation of enzyme activity compared to other selenium sources (sodium selenite, yeast-derived selenium, organic selenium sources) in animal nutrition with their large surface area/volume ratio. In addition, Se NPs exhibit lower toxicity than selenite. Se NPs can be used at lower doses and thus it may have the potential to reduce environmental pollution indirectly. This review aims to provide a summary of the studies conducted on the physical, chemical, and metabolic properties, oxidative stress, antioxidant defense, dietary requirement, deficiency, fertility, sperm quality and performance of Se NPs used in ruminants nutrition.

Keywords

• Selenium nanoparticles
• Nutrition
• Ruminant
• Health

Selenyum Nanopartikül Diyetlerinin Ruminantlarda Uygulamaları

Öz

Selenyum nanopartikülleri (Se NPs), selenat veya selenitin indirgenmesiyle hazırlanan 1 ila 100 nm partikül boyutuna sahip mineral elementlerdir. Se NPs, sahip olduğu geniş yüzey alanı/hacim oranı ile hayvan beslenmesinde diğer selenyum kaynaklarına (sodyum selenit, maya kaynaklı selenyum, organik selenyum kaynakları) kıyasla selenoenzimlerin yukarı regülasyonu, glutatyon peroksidaz enzim aktivitesi, vücut ağırlığı, besin dönüşüm verimliliği, besin kullanımı, serbest radikal inhibisyonu, et kalitesi, hayatta kalma oranı, dokulardaki Se içeriği, rumen mikrobiyal aktivitesi, enzim aktivitesinin uyarılması üzerinde daha yüksek etkiye sahiptir. Ayrıca, Se NPs selenite göre daha düşük toksisite sergilemektedir. Se NPs daha düşük dozlarda kullanılabilmektedir ve böylece dolaylı olarak çevresel kirlenmeyi azaltma potansiyeline sahip olabilmektedir. Bu derleme, ruminatların beslenmesinde kullanılan Se NPs'nin fiziksel, kimyasal ve metabolik özellikleri, oksidatif stres, antioksidan savunma, diyet gereksinimi, eksikliği, doğurganlık, sperm kalitesi ve performans üzerindeki etkileri hakkında yapılan çalışmaların bir özeti vermeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Selenyum nanopartikülleri
• Beslenme
• Ruminant
• Sağlık

Kaynakça

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