Use of Beneficial Bacteria for Biocontrol of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae on Cherry

Abstract

Bacterial Canker and Gummosis Disease causes significant yield losses in the sweet cherry growing regions in our country. This disease is caused by more than one pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae. Biocontrol effects of beneficial bacteria against Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae that was one of these pathovars were detected in vivo and in vitro conditions. Eighty-six beneficial bacteria were isolated from 44 plant samples obtained from healthy sweet cherry plants grown in orchards affected by bacterial canker located at İzmir and Manisa provinces. Twelve beneficial bacterial strains that have biocontrol and plant growth-promoting potential according to the results of in vitro tests (antibiosis activity; 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase production, siderophore production, hydrogen cyanide production) were selected for in vivo experiments. These beneficial bacterial strains were tested against the pathogen on micropropagation cherry plantlets under climatic chamber conditions. As a result of the climate chamber experiments, 30% of beneficial bacteria treatments (strains YC1T2272, AL4HL1318, AL3HL2332, AL4T2347) have significant potential (over 50%) in preventing the disease severity caused by the pathogen. Molecular identification of six isolates that have biocontrol potential against pathogen has been made using by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. These strains were identified as Pantaeo sp. (strains AL4HL1318, AL3HL2332, AL1T2344, AL4T2347), Bacillus sp. (strain HY1BL257), and Erwinia sp. (strains YC1T2272 and ÖR1T1302).

Keywords

• Sweet cherry
• Bacterial canker
• Beneficial bacteria
• Micropropagated
• Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae

Kirazda Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae’nin Biyolojik Kontrolünde Yararlı Bakterilerin Kullanımı

Öz

Bakteriyel Kanser ve Zamklanma Hastalığı, ülkemizde kiraz yetiştiriciliği yapılan alanlarda önemli düzeyde ürün ve verim kayıplarına neden olmaktadır. Bu hastalığa Pseudomonas syringae’nin birden çok patovarı neden olmaktadır. Bu patovarlardan Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae ’ye karşı yararlı bakterilerin biyokontrol etkileri in vitro ve in vivo koşullarda belirlenmiştir. İzmir ve Manisa illerinde bakteriyel kanser belirtisi gösteren kiraz bahçelerinden alınan 44 sağlıklı bitki örneğinden 86 yararlı bakteri izole edilmiştir. In vitro test (antibiyosis aktivite; 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminaz üretimi, siderofor üretimi, hidrojen siyanid üretimi) sonuçlarına göre biyokontrol ve bitki gelişimini teşvik etme potaniyeline sahip 12 yararlı bakteri izolatı in vivo denemeler için seçilmiştir. Bu yararlı bakteri izolatları, iklim odası koşullarında mikroçoğaltım kiraz bitkicikleri üzerinde patojene karşı denenmiştir. İklim odası denemelerinin sonucunda yararlı bakteri uygulamalarının %30’u (YC1T2272, AL4HL1318, AL3HL2332, AL4T2347 kodlu izolatlar), patojenin neden olduğu hastalık şiddetini önemli seviyede (%50’nin üstünde) engelleme potansiyeli göstermiştir. Patojene karşı biyokontrol potansiyeline sahip 6 izolatın moleküler tanılaması, 16S rRNA gen sekansı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Bu izolatlar, Pantaeo sp. (AL4HL1318, AL1T2344, AL4T2347 kodlu izolatlar), Bacillus sp. (HY1BL257 kodlu izolat), ve Erwinia sp. (YC1T2272 ve ÖR1T1302 kodlu izolatlar) olarak tanılanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kiraz
• Bakteriyel kanser
• Yararlı bakteri
• Mikroçoğaltım
• Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae

Kaynakça

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