Assessing Genetic Diversity by Morphological Markers of Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Germplasm from Northeast Anatolia

Öz

Kuzeydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi, fasulye (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) açısından zengin bir biyolojik çeşitliliğe sahiptir. Bu çalışma, bölgedeki yerel fasulye genotiplerini toplamak, sınıflandırmak ve karakterize etmek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Bölgede yer alan 7 ildeki 25 ilçeden toplanan 256 yerel kuru fasulye genotipi Erzurum tarla koşullarında tesadüf blokları deneme deseninde 3 tekrarlamalı olarak denemeye alınmıştır. Yerel genotiplerin değerlendirilmesinde IPGRI ve EU-CPVO kriterlerine göre toplam 25 kalitatif ve kantitatif karakter dikkate alınmıştır. Genetik çeşitlilik path analizi (PA), temel bileşen analizi (PCA), Simpson's ve Shannon ve Weaver çeşitlilik indeksleri ve UPGMA küme dendrogramı (CA) ile incelenmiştir. Brakte rengi hariç, incelenen tüm karakterler açısından germplazmı içerisinde yüksek düzeyde polimorfizm ve genetik çeşitliliğin bulunduğu belirlenmiştir. En yüksek varyasyon tane verimi, bitki boyu, bitki başına bakla sayısı ve bakla uzunluğunda saptanmıştır. Koleksiyondaki yerel genotiplerin üstün fasulye çeşitlerinin geliştirilmesinde kullanılabileceği; özellikle bitki başına yüksek bakla sayısı, yüksek bakla uzunluğu, bakla başına yüksek tohum sayısı ve bitki başına yüksek dal sayısı yönünden yapılacak seleksiyonun, yüksek verimli ümitvar çeşitlerin geliştirilmesinde yararlı olabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Karakterizasyon
• fasulye
• genetik çeşitlilik
• germplazm
• morfoloji

Proje Numarası

107O400

Assessing Genetic Diversity by Morphological Markers of Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Germplasm from Northeast Anatolia

Öz

The Northeast Anatolia Region of Turkey is a rich plant biodiversity spot including the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). This study was undertaken in order to collect, classify, and characterize bean landraces from the region. For this purpose, 256 common bean landraces were collected from 25 districts in 7 provinces and were grown in completely randomized block design with 3 replicates under the field conditions in Erzurum in Northeast Region, Turkey. Twenty-five qualitative and quantitative morphological markers were measured by International Plant Genetic Resources Institute and European Union Community Plant Variety Office criteria on the germplasm. Genetic variability was examined by path analysis, principal component analysis, Simpson’s and Shannon and Weaver diversity indices, and UPGMA cluster dendrogram. A high level of polymorphism and genetic diversity was present within the germplasm for all the descriptors with the exception of bract color. Highest variation was recorded for seed yield, plant height, pod number per plant, and pod length. It was concluded based on findings that landraces in the collection may be used for breeding superior bean cultivars. Selection specifically for higher pod number per plant, longer pods, greater seed number per pod, and greater branch number per plant may be employed for breeding highyielding robust cultivars.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Characterization
• common bean
• genetic diversity
• germplasm
• morphology

Destekleyen Kurum

The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)

Proje Numarası

107O400

Teşekkür

We are very grateful to The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBİTAK) for generous financial support

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