ERZURUM ŞARTLARINDA GÜBRELEME, EKİM MESAFE VE ARALIKLARININ AYÇİÇEĞİNİN VERİMİNE VE BAZI ZİRAİ KARAKTERLERİNE ETKİSİ ÜZERİNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Yıl 1972, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, - , 11.12.2010

Erol Günel

Öz

ÖZET
Muhtelif gübre kombinasyonları ile ekim aralık ve mesafelerinin,
ayçiçeğinin (H. annuus) verimi ve bazı karakterleri üzerindeki etkilerini
araştırmak üzere, 1964-1965 yıllarında, Atatürk Oniversİtesi Ziraat
Fakültes, Zİrai Araştırma Enstitüsü arazisinde denemeler kurulmuştur.
1964 yılında sulamanın aksaması sebebiyle, iki yıllık ortalamalara
gejre, gübrelemenin verim ve muhtelif karakterler üzerindeki tesirleri
istatistikselolarak ortaya konamamış, sadece azot gübrelemesinin,
danenin yağ oranına menfi tesiri olduğu tesbit edilmiştir.
Ekim aralık ve mesafelerinin, bitki boyu, yaprak adedi ve danenin
-. ')~anı üzerinde önemli bir etkisi görülmemiştir. Buna mukabil,
ortalamu- 14:LO. kalınlığı, sap ağırlığı, tabla çapı, tablanın dane tutma
oranı, tabla başıncı, düsen ortalama dane sayısı, danenin iç oram ve tabla
başma dane verimi gibı münferit bitkilerden elde edilen değerler üzerinde,
ekim aralık ve mesafelerfifrn---<inemli etkileri tesbit edilmiştir. Gerek
sıra arası ve gerekse sıra üzeri ekİm rnes:afeleri genişledikçe, yukarda
verilen münferit değerler de buna paralelolarak, önemli bir şekilde
artmıştır.

SUMMARY

EFFECT OF WITHIN-AND BETWEEN-ROW SPACINGS ON THE
YIELD AND SOME AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS OF SUNFLOWER
(H. annuus) UNDER THE ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF ERZURUM

Experiments were conducted İn
1964 and 1965 to study the effects of
different fertilizer combinations with
different between - andwithin-row
spacings on the yield and some characters
of sunflowers (H. annuus).
Experimenta! fields are within the
irrigation area of number 4 well at
the Agricu1tural Experiment Station,
Atatürk University in the West of
Erzurum, Turkey. The a1titude of this
area is 1900 m. on the average, and
the soil is silty and silty-Ioam. Basically,
it has an alluvia1 character.
The sunflower variety, Yeşilköy
416 (V. 1646), was used in the
experiments.
The experiments were conducted
in split-plot desing with four replications.
The eighteen fertilizer combinations
were applied to the main plots
and the four spacing combinations
(2 between-and 2 witlıin-row spacings)
to the sub-plots within each main plot,
randomly.
Because of the interruption occured
in the irrigation system in 1964,
according to two-year averages, fertilizer
effects on yield and diffierent characters
of sunflower couId not be shown, but
only the negative effect of N fertilization
could be determined, statistically.
No significant effect of spacing
treatments was seen on plant hight,
number of leaves, and oH percentage
of the seed. But, statistical1y significant
effects of between-and withinrow
spacing treatments were determined,
on the individual plant measurements
such as average stem diameter,
stem weight, head diameter, fertility
pereentage of a head, average number
of seeds per head, kernel pereentage
of seeds, and seed yield per head.
Thus, the highest values in the individual
measurements mentioned above
were obtained from 60x40 Cm. plantings,
and the lowest ones from 50x30 cm.
plantings. The values obtained from
50x40 cm. and 60x30 cm. plantings
took a place between them.
No significant effect of spacing
treatments was observed on the seed
yield per decar, according to the statistical
analyses based on the real seed yield
per plot. However, it was determined
that the narrow plantings (50x30 cm.;
50x40 cm.) gaye more seed yield than
wider plantings (60x30cm.; 60x40 cm.)
according to the calculations made by
taking bird and stand losses into
consideration (because theyare more
harmful to experimental plots as
compared to field plantings).

Anahtar Kelimeler

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